Showing papers by "University of Saskatchewan published in 1968"
TL;DR: In this article, the basic concepts of stationary Markov processes and their application to transmission system reliability evaluation are discussed and illustrated, where transmission components are assumed to operate within a 2-state fluctuating environment described by normal and stormy weather conditions.
Abstract: The basic concepts of stationary Markov processes and particularly their application to transmission system reliability evaluation are discussed and illustrated. Transmission components are assumed to operate within a 2-state fluctuating environment described by normal and stormy weather conditions. Markov processes are used to determine the system failure rate and the probabilities of failure for simple configurations and to illustrate the bunching effect of storm associated failures on parallel facilities. The variation in the failure probabilities is shown as a function of the expected repair time and the degree of storm associated failures. The results are compared with those obtained using a previously published approximate method.
147 citations
TL;DR: Preliminary findings from a millimetre microwave spectrometer built to measure the quantity of water present in airborne cells reveal that microwaves had an effect on cell metabolism.
Abstract: DURING investigations into the effects of dehydration on airborne cells, a millimetre microwave spectrometer, built to measure the quantity of water present in airborne cells, revealed that microwaves had an effect on cell metabolism. We report here some preliminary findings.
120 citations
TL;DR: Heparin was degraded by enzymes of adapted Flavobacterium heparinum by combined Sephadex-gel filtration and paper chromatography, and several degradation products were identified as saturated disaccharides constituted of uronic acid and glucosamine and containing two and three sulphate residues.
Abstract: 1. Heparin was degraded by enzymes of adapted Flavobacterium heparinum. Several degradation products were separated by combined Sephadex-gel filtration and paper chromatography, and chemically analysed. 2. These products were identified as glucosamine 2,6-disulphate, saturated disaccharides constituted of uronic acid and glucosamine and containing two and three sulphate residues, and tetra- and hexa-saccharides with the same basic disaccharide units. 3. The implications of these findings with respect to the present knowledge of heparin structure and its enzymic degradation are discussed.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the pmr spectra of commercial heparin samples from a variety of sources indicate that there are at least two types of heparins, differentiated by small, but distinct, variations in the relative intensities of their proton signals and, most noticeably, by the presence of acetyl groups in samples of one of the types.
73 citations
TL;DR: Larvae of the elaterids Limonius californicus, Hypolithus bicolor, Ctenicera aeripennis, and CtenICera destructor appeared susceptible to the disease, green muscardine, incited by the fungus Metarrhizium anisopliae, in the order listed.
62 citations
TL;DR: Most small animal deworming protocols recommended in western Canada begin too late to inhibit endoparasite shedding, and increased educational efforts directed at veterinarians are warranted.
Abstract: Thirty-six Holstein-Friesian bull calves reared to 475 kg liveweight grew more rapidly and were more efficient but showed less response to hormone implants than did a comparable group of 36 steers. Bulls had heavier heads and hides, lighter hindquarters, more cooler shrink, and less abdominal and rib fat than did steers. Hormone treatment increased hide weight and rib moisture in steers but decreased these characteristics in bulls. Bulls had heavier livers than steers and hormone treatment increased liver weight in steers.
55 citations
TL;DR: Variability of the integrated amplitude within the time sampled for each subject, expressed as the coefficient of variation of the amplitude content over successive 20 sec periods, was found to be lower in chronic schizophrenics than staff volunteers or acute schizophrenics; (ii) those acute schizophrenia actually hallucinating during the EEG integration.
55 citations
45 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a gamma-ray absorption technique was used to measure particle suspensions in a horizontal channel with a 0.972 x 3.976 in. cross section at mean mixture flow velocities of 4.24-12.61 ft/sec and at average dimensionless transport concentrations of 0.024-0.28; from these data, the eddy diffusivities were calculated.
Abstract: The distributions of suspended 24-28, 40-50, and 80-100 mesh sand particles and of 100-150 mesh nickel particles were measured by a gamma-ray absorption technique in a horizontal channel with a 0.972 x 3.976 in. cross section at mean mixture flow velocities of 4.24-12.61 ft/sec and at average dimensionless transport concentrations of 0.024-0.28; from these data, the eddy diffusivities were calculated. Turbulent suspension of the particles appeared to occur at low particle concentrations, at small particle diameters (less than 0.2 mm), and at particle settling velocity/flow friction velocity ratios of less than 0.2:1; outside these limits the concentration profiles deviated significantly from those usually associated with turbulent suspensions, which could be due to particle interactions. The eddy diffusivity in the equation governing the concentration profiles was found to be of the same order of magnitude as the eddy diffusivities for momentum and mass in single-phase fluids. High solid concentrations were found to increase the suspending capacity of the fluid, rather than to "damp" the turbulence. The results of this study can be extended to predict the solids concentration distributions in circular pipes.
44 citations
TL;DR: Of the 19 native North AmericanSalix species 11 are diploid, four are tetraploids, one is triploidal, one hexaPloid, one dodeca ploid, and one exhibits more than one ploidal level.
Abstract: Chromosome numbers are reported for 19 species of North AmericanSalix, one natural hybrid, and one introduced species. The following 17 species are here examined cytologically for the first time:Salix amygdaloides Anderss.,S. arbusculoides Anderss.,S. brachycarpa Nutt.,S. Candida Willd.,S. discolor Muhl.,S. exigua Nutt.,S. kumilis Marsh.,S. interior Rowlee,S. lutea Nutt.,S. maccalliana Rowlee,S. monticola Rydb.,S. myrtillifolia Anderss.,S. pellita Anderss.,S. petiolaris J. E. Sm,S. scouleriana Barr.,S. silicicola Raup, andS. subcoerulea Piper. Of the 19 native North American species 11 are diploid, four are tetraploid, one is triploid, one hexaploid, one dodecaploid, and one exhibits more than one ploidal level.
41 citations
TL;DR: The Wallach-Kogan tests of creativity were administered to 124 first-year university men under group conditions, along with five tests of intelligence, indicating that the battery of creativity tests possessed a high degree of internal consistency, and relative independence of intelligence tests.
Abstract: Summary. The Wallach-Kogan tests of creativity were administered to 124 first-year university men under group conditions, along with five tests of intelligence. Correlation coefficients indicated that the battery of creativity tests possessed a high degree of internal consistency, and relative independence of intelligence tests. However, a substantial general factor loaded highly on both kinds of test.
TL;DR: The O2+ first negative (1N) and N2 first positive (1PG) systems have been observed in type-B red aurora with a scanning spectrometer as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: The relationship between sylvinite and carnallitite has been investigated in this article, showing that red sylvite can be derived from red carnallite by leaching of magnesium chloride.
Abstract: Abrupt lateral and vertical changes from red carnallitite (carnallite-halite rock) to red sylvinite (sylvite-halite rock) occur in the Prairie Evaporite Formation between Watrous and Kandahar, Saskatchewan. Such changes are of considerable economic importance, since carnallite has undesirable physical properties and a relatively low content of potassium. The following four types of relationship between sylvinite and carnallitite are considered: (1) the rocks are facies equivalents deposited in different areas from essentially contemporaneous brines; (2) carnallite formed by reaction of sylvite with magnesium chloride brines; (3) sylvite derived from carnallite by leaching of magnesium chloride; (4) sylvite, as presently found, not directly related to carnallite, but formed through solution of pre-existing sylvite with subsequent crystallization. Sylvinite overlies carnallitite, the reverse of a normal depositional sequence. The distribution of traces of bromide and rubidium in the chloride minerals indicates that red sylvinite was formed by leaching of magnesium chloride from carnallitite. This conclusion is substantiated by textural observations at carnallite-sylvite contacts, where red sylvite has replaced carnallite and inherited iron-oxide inclusions from carnallite. A comparison of the proportions of carnallite and sylvite, in a given potash zone, from a region of carnallitite to an adjacent region of sylvinite, reveals that the amount of sylvite present corresponds to the amount which could be derived from carnallite by leaching of magnesium chloride. The potash zones are cumulatively about 50 ft thicker where they are red carnallitite than where they are red sylvinite. Since the total thickness of salts can be determined by seismic techniques, this provides a valuable prospecting guide to the presence of local areas of carnallitite. Not all the sylvite present is derived from red carnallite. A clear variety of sylvite, termed “clear sylvite,” can be distinguished from red sylvite by the absence of iron-oxide inclusions and by a relatively small rubidium content (0.003 weight percent). Petrographic evidence indicates that red carnallite locally has replaced clear sylvite. Seventeen potassium-argon dates on red sylvite range from Permian to Mississippian; two samples gave younger ages. These are minimum ages and the alterations of carnallite to sylvite may have been essentially contemporaneous with deposition.
TL;DR: Two cases of Hallervorden-Spatz disease are reported, one of whom was a late infantile variety and the other an adult variety who died at the end of the fourth decade of life.
Abstract: Two cases of Hallervorden-Spatz disease are reported, one of whom was a late infantile variety and the other an adult variety who died at the end of the fourth decade of life. The clinical and neuropathological aspects were similar to previously reported cases. Both cases were characterized by a slowly progressive illness featured by dementia, seizures, dysarthria, rigidity, spasticity and athetoid and myoclonic movements. Neuropathological examination disclosed excessive pigmentation of the globus pallidus and red zone of substantia nigra associated with neuroaxonal dystrophy. The latter was more generalized in the first case and was confined to the pallidonigral area, cerebellum and lower medulla in the adult case. In spite of a striking increase in the iron content of the pallidonigral system, as demonstrable by histological techniques, the chemical analysis disclosed only slight rise of iron in this area. There was a generalized reduction of cerebral lipids compatible with a diffuse degenerative process associated with demyelination.
TL;DR: The soil microfungi of upland boreal forest at Candle Lake, Saskatchewan, were surveyed by using a dilution plate technique, showing a pattern of continuous variation among the forest communities sampled, but it was not possible to demonstrate a clear correlation between the composition ofmicrofungal communities and the dominant vegetation.
Abstract: SUMMARY The soil microfungi of upland boreal forest at Candle Lake, Saskatchewan, were surveyed by using a dilution plate technique. Altogether 113 taxonomic entities were isolated, most of these being quantitatively rare forms. The most prevalent species found were Mortierella vinacea, M. isabellina, M. ramanniana, Pullularia pullulans, Trichoderma viride, T. album, Chrysosporium sp., Penicillium frequentans, P. pinetorum and P. kapuscinskii. Together these accounted for over 60% of the total isolates. The microfungi showed a pattern of continuous variation among the forest communities sampled, but it was not possible to demonstrate a clear correlation between the composition of microfungal communities and the dominant vegetation. The results are discussed particularly in relation to comparable surveys of microfungi that have been carried out in Wisconsin.
TL;DR: Stress, introduced late, resulted in a significant decrement in amount of performance improvement for both high and low-anxious subjects, and was significantly inferior to that of all other groups during the stress period.
Abstract: One hundred and twenty freshmen males, selected on the basis of their extreme scores on the Taylor manifest anxiety scale, served as subjects. Sixty high-anxious and 60 low-anxious subjects were assigned randomly to one of three equal groups: control, stress-early, and stress-late. The subjects were given 35 20-sec. practice trials a day on the stabilometer for two days. An electric shock stressor was given to the stress-early subjects on trials 4 to 6, and to the stress-late subjects on trials 65 to 67. The results support the following conclusions: The early shock had a differential effect upon the improvements in performance of the high-anxious and low-anxious subjects. The low-anxious stress-early group was not affected by the stress but the performance improvement of the high-anxious stress-early group was significantly inferior to that of all other groups during the stress period. Stress, introduced late, resulted in a significant decrement in amount of performance improvement for both high...
TL;DR: In this paper, the nature of the products obtained in the addition of diethyl malonate to 4-t-butyl-1-cyanocyclohexene under various conditions of solvents, catalysts, and temperature, and their geometries have been determined.
TL;DR: The authors found that convergers, who excel in close logical reasoning and do well in intelligence tests, show a bias for science, while divergers tend to avoid science in schools, while having high IQs but showing low scores in tests consisting of questions with no one correct answer.
Abstract: Tests on Australian schoolchildren have revealed a relationship between intellectual style and specialization in science similar to that found in British schools. Convergers, who excel in close logical reasoning and do well in intelligence tests, show a bias for science. Divergers, who have high IQs but show low scores in tests consisting of questions with no one correct answer, tend to avoid science in schools.
TL;DR: In this article, the end point energies of the beta-ray spectra from 60 Co, 137 Cs (low-energy spectrum) and 204 Tl were measured using a high resolving power, iron-free spectrometer.
TL;DR: Body weights of EUTamias amoenus luteiventris (Allen) and Eutamias minimus oreocetes Merriam collected in western Alberta were low in April on emergence from hibernation and increased through May and June to a constant summer level and Adrenal weights were also low at the time of spring emergence but increased steadily, reaching a peak in July and August.
Abstract: Body weights of Eutamias amoenus luteiventris (Allen) and Eutamias minimus oreocetes Merriam collected in western Alberta were low in April on emergence from hibernation and increased through May and June to a constant summer level. Adrenal weights were also low at the time of spring emergence but increased steadily, reaching a peak in July and August. In the case of breeding males, this seasonal increase in adrenal weight was delayed until the breeding season had ended but increase was rapid thereafter and relative adrenal weights of breeding males were comparable with those of the rest of the population by July. Limited data suggest a decrease in adrenal size before hiber¬nation. Seasonal changes in adrenal weight may be related to seasonal changes in social interaction but could just as readily be related to other seasonal variables such as reproduction, hibernation, food-gathering activity, length of foraging move¬ments, and density of vegetative cover.
TL;DR: Observations of the fine structural changes in the CAM after RSV infection support a singular role of the mesenchyme in the initiation of the tumors, and an alternate course of RSV transformation of the CAM by way of the vascular bed is suggested.
Abstract: Infection of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) with Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) has been thought by earlier workers (12, 20) to result in the transformation of the ectoderm and then the mesoderm of that organ. In the present study, CAM were infected with 104 PFU (pock-forming units) of RSV (Bryan high titre strain) and collected for electron microscopy at 2, 4, and 6 days postinfection. Observations of the fine structural changes in the CAM after RSV infection support a singular role of the mesenchyme in the initiation of the tumors. The ectodermal hyperplasia often associated with RSV tumors of the CAM appears to be a secondary response to the alteration of the underlying mesenchyme. These findings are discussed in detail, and an alternate course of RSV transformation of the CAM by way of the vascular bed is suggested.
TL;DR: In this paper, the ignition characteristics of building materials influence the spread of fire from one building to another, and there are significant differences in radiation levels to which materials can be safely exposed.
Abstract: The ignition characteristics of building materials influence the spread of fire from one building to another. With some materials tested, there are significant differences in radiation levels to which materials can be safely exposed.
TL;DR: The interactive effects of stress and anxiety upon motor learning were examined and the results were discussed in relation to drive theory.
Abstract: The interactive effects of stress and anxiety upon motor learning were examined. 120 Ss (60 high-anxious and 60 low-anxious) were divided into three groups: Control, Stress Early and Stress Late. A...
TL;DR: In this paper, the current and time distribution of satellite pulses from the Philips 58 AVP photomultiplier have been measured and the influence of the satellite pulses of neutron time-of-flight spectra from the photodisintegration of nuclei is discussed.
TL;DR: Two simultaneous stimuli of equal duration applied to undifferentiated stem cells would be expected to be more effective in producing a demonstrable increase in the immune response than separate, successive applications of the two stimuli.
Abstract: Immunized rabbits physiological responses to simulated short term high altitude exposure, noting humoral antibody production stimulation
TL;DR: The effects of dehydration on the ability of cells to take part in recombination have been studied in three non-lysogenic strains of Escherichia coli K12.
Abstract: When water is removed from DNA by semi-dehydration there is a pronounced effect on its in vivo activity, and the effect may be more severe in some regions of the chromosome than others. The effects of dehydration on the ability of cells to take part in recombination have been studied in three non-lysogenic strains of Escherichia coli K12.