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Institution

University of Saskatchewan

EducationSaskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
About: University of Saskatchewan is a education organization based out in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 25021 authors who have published 52579 publications receiving 1483049 citations. The organization is also known as: USask.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An association between consistent DMARD use and improvement in long-term functional outcomes in RA is supported, which suggest up to a 30 percent reduction in long term disability with consistentDMARD use.
Abstract: Objective. Therapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been evolving from the traditional “pyramid” approach toward one based upon early and sustained use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), in the hope of improving long-term health outcomes. However, few data to have been presented to document the effects of this approach. We sought to directly assess associations between consistent DMARD use and long-term functional outcomes. Methods. We studied 2,888 RA patients who were followed up prospectively for up to 20 years (average 9 years) at 8 databank centers. The independent variable was the proportion of patient encounters that resulted in treatment with ⩾1 DMARD (hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, auranofin, intramuscular gold, D-penicillamine, methotrexate, and/or azathioprine). The dependent variable was each patient's last recorded Disability Index value from the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Results. Increased DMARD use was strongly associated with better long-term Disability Index values (P < 0.0001). The association was strengthened when restricted to more seriously affected (rheumatoid factor (RF)–positive) patients. The magnitude of the effect, unadjusted, was a difference of 0.53 HAQ Disability units (scale 0–3) between 100% DMARD use and 0%. Correlation coefficients ranged up to 0.26. Effects were similar for all disease duration periods (0–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, and 20+ years). “Control” correlations, with variables computed to represent the proportion of time in which patients were taking either nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs or prednisone, failed to show positive associations. A multiple linear regression model, which controlled for age, disease duration, sex, RF positivity, proportion of visits under a prednisone regimen, and initial disability level, included the proportion of time in which patients were taking DMARDs (P < 0.0001), with a model R2 of 0.54. These results were obtained despite an adverse selection bias in which more severely affected individuals were given DMARDs more frequently, and despite absence of data on drug use early in the disease course of many patients. Thus, these results, which suggest up to a 30% reduction in longterm disability with consistent DMARD use, are most likely conservative. Conclusion. An association between consistent DMARD use and improvement in long-term functional outcomes in RA is supported by these data.

208 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive meta-analysis of the Level of Service scales, their predictive accuracy and group-based differences in risk/need, across 128 studies comprising 151 independent samples and a total of 137,931 offenders indicated that gender and ethnicity were not substantive sources of effect size variability.
Abstract: We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of the Level of Service (LS) scales, their predictive accuracy and group-based differences in risk/need, across 128 studies comprising 151 independent samples and a total of 137,931 offenders. Important potential moderators were examined including ethnicity, gender, LS scale variant, geographic region, and type of recidivism used to measure outcome. Results supported the predictive accuracy of the LS scales and their criminogenic need domains for general and violent recidivism overall, and among broad subgroups of interest, including females and ethnic minorities. Although results indicated that gender and ethnicity were not substantive sources of effect size variability, significant differences in effect size magnitude were found when analyses were conducted by geographic region. Canadian samples consistently demonstrated the largest effect sizes, followed by studies conducted outside North America, and then studies conducted in the United States. This pattern was observed irrespective of gender, ethnicity, LS domain, LS variant, or type of recidivism outcome, suggesting geographic region may be an important source of effect size variation. We discuss possible factors underlying this pattern of results and identify areas for future research.

208 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper reviews the current available literature of the 21st century on PubMed and Medline to provide a detailed summary of the epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, management, and prognosis of GBC.
Abstract: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon disease in the majority of the world despite being the most common and aggressive malignancy of the biliary tree. Early diagnosis is essential for improved prognosis; however, indolent and nonspecific clinical presentations with a paucity of pathognomonic/predictive radiological features often preclude accurate identification of GBC at an early stage. As such, GBC remains a highly lethal disease, with only 10% of all patients presenting at a stage amenable to surgical resection. Among this select population, continued improvements in survival during the 21st century are attributable to aggressive radical surgery with improved surgical techniques. This paper reviews the current available literature of the 21st century on PubMed and Medline to provide a detailed summary of the epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, management, and prognosis of GBC.

208 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose that family involvement increases a venture's ability to borrow family social capital for the purpose of obtaining debt financing, and empirically test with 1267 new ventures suggest that family participation directly and indirectly improves a new venture's access to debt financing.

208 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings suggest that glutamate receptor supersensitivity in the putamen plays a role in the development of motor complications following long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease patients.

208 citations


Authors

Showing all 25277 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Tomas Hökfelt158103395979
Frederick Wolfe119417101272
Christopher G. Goetz11665159510
John P. Giesy114116262790
Helmut Kettenmann10438040211
Paul M. O'Byrne10460556520
Susan S. Taylor10451842108
Keith A. Hobson10365341300
Mark S. Tremblay10054143843
James F. Fries10036983589
Gordon McKay9766161390
Jonathan D. Adachi9658931641
Wenjun Zhang9697638530
William C. Dement9634043014
Chris Ryan9597134388
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023173
2022350
20213,129
20202,913
20192,665
20182,479