Institution
University of South Australia
Education•Adelaide, South Australia, Australia•
About: University of South Australia is a education organization based out in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 10086 authors who have published 32587 publications receiving 913683 citations. The organization is also known as: The University of South Australia & UniSA.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Health care, Mental health, Adsorption
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A deprescribing protocol is proposed comprising 5 steps: ascertain all drugs the patient is currently taking and the reasons for each one, and prioritize drugs for discontinuation that have the lowest benefit-harm ratio and lowest likelihood of adverse withdrawal reactions or disease rebound syndromes.
Abstract: Inappropriate polypharmacy, especially in older people, imposes a substantial burden of adverse drug events, ill health, disability, hospitalization, and even death. The single most important predictor of inappropriate prescribing and risk of adverse drug events in older patients is the number of prescribed drugs. Deprescribing is the process of tapering or stopping drugs, aimed at minimizing polypharmacy and improving patient outcomes. Evidence of efficacy for deprescribing is emerging from randomized trials and observational studies. A deprescribing protocol is proposed comprising 5 steps: (1) ascertain all drugs the patient is currently taking and the reasons for each one; (2) consider overall risk of drug-induced harm in individual patients in determining the required intensity of deprescribing intervention; (3) assess each drug in regard to its current or future benefit potential compared with current or future harm or burden potential; (4) prioritize drugs for discontinuation that have the lowest benefit-harm ratio and lowest likelihood of adverse withdrawal reactions or disease rebound syndromes; and (5) implement a discontinuation regimen and monitor patients closely for improvement in outcomes or onset of adverse effects. Whereas patient and prescriber barriers to deprescribing exist, resources and strategies are available that facilitate deliberate yet judicious deprescribing and deserve wider application.
1,009 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a critical review of novel achievements in the modification of TiO2 photocatalytic systems aimed at achieving complete mineralization of organic dyes and efficient utilization of visible and/or solar light.
Abstract: Organic dyes are one of the largest groups of pollutants released into wastewaters from textile and other industrial processes. Because of potential toxicity of the dyes and their visibility in surface waters, removal and degradation of organic dyes have been a matter of considerable interest. A wide range of methods have been developed, amongst which the heterogeneous photocatalysis involving titanium dioxide (TiO2) appears to be the most promising technology. This paper presents a critical review of novel achievements in the modification of TiO2 photocatalytic systems aimed at: enhanced TiO2 photocatalytic efficiency; complete mineralization of organic dyes; efficient utilization of visible and/or solar light; stability and reproducibility of the modified TiO2; recycle and reuse in real wastewater treatment.
964 citations
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TL;DR: Caspase-2 has emerged as a unique caspase with potential roles in maintaining genomic stability, metabolism, autophagy and aging, and some of these less studied and emerging functions of mammalian caspases are focused on.
Abstract: Caspases are proteases with a well-defined role in apoptosis. However, increasing evidence indicates multiple functions of caspases outside apoptosis. Caspase-1 and caspase-11 have roles in inflammation and mediating inflammatory cell death by pyroptosis. Similarly, caspase-8 has dual role in cell death, mediating both receptor-mediated apoptosis and in its absence, necroptosis. Caspase-8 also functions in maintenance and homeostasis of the adult T-cell population. Caspase-3 has important roles in tissue differentiation, regeneration and neural development in ways that are distinct and do not involve any apoptotic activity. Several other caspases have demonstrated anti-tumor roles. Notable among them are caspase-2, -8 and -14. However, increased caspase-2 and -8 expression in certain types of tumor has also been linked to promoting tumorigenesis. Increased levels of caspase-3 in tumor cells causes apoptosis and secretion of paracrine factors that promotes compensatory proliferation in surrounding normal tissues, tumor cell repopulation and presents a barrier for effective therapeutic strategies. Besides this caspase-2 has emerged as a unique caspase with potential roles in maintaining genomic stability, metabolism, autophagy and aging. The present review focuses on some of these less studied and emerging functions of mammalian caspases.
961 citations
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TL;DR: A protein map of the smallest known self‐replicating organism, Mycoplasma genitalium, revealed a high proportion of acidic proteins, which allowed proteins to be identified prior to detection of their respective genes via the M. genitalium sequencing initiative.
Abstract: A protein map of the smallest known self-replicating organism, Mycoplasma genitalium (Class: Mollicutes), revealed a high proportion of acidic proteins. Amino acid composition was used to putatively identify, or provide unique parameters, for 50 gene products separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A further 19 proteins were subjected to peptide-mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and 4 were subjected to N-terminal Edman degradation. The majority of M. genitalium proteins remain uncharacterised. However, the combined approach of amino acid analysis and peptide-mass fingerprinting allowed gene products to be linked to homologous genes in a variety of organisms. This has allowed proteins to be identified prior to detection of their respective genes via the M. genitalium sequencing initiative. The principle of ‘hierarchical’ analysis for the mass screening of proteins and the analysis of microbial genomes via their protein complement or ‘proteome’ is detailed. Here, characterisation of gene products depends upon the quickest and most economical technologies being employed initially, so as to determine if a large number of proteins are already present in both homologous and heterologous species databases. Initial screening, which lends itself to automation and robotics, can then be followed by more time and cost intensive procedures, when necessary.
955 citations
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Institut Gustave Roussy1, French Institute of Health and Medical Research2, University of Pennsylvania3, University of Massachusetts Medical School4, University of Rome Tor Vergata5, University of California, San Francisco6, Virginia Commonwealth University7, Merck & Co.8, Harvard University9, University of South Australia10, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center11, Trinity College, Dublin12, Austrian Academy of Sciences13, University of Cambridge14, University of Bern15, University of Oslo16, University of Colorado Denver17, Complutense University of Madrid18
TL;DR: The differential impact of autophagy on distinct phases of tumorigenesis is discussed and the implications of this concept for the use of Autophagy modulators in cancer therapy are discussed.
Abstract: Autophagy plays a key role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. In healthy cells, such a homeostatic activity constitutes a robust barrier against malignant transformation. Accordingly, many oncoproteins inhibit, and several oncosuppressor proteins promote, autophagy. Moreover, autophagy is required for optimal anticancer immunosurveillance. In neoplastic cells, however, autophagic responses constitute a means to cope with intracellular and environmental stress, thus favoring tumor progression. This implies that at least in some cases, oncogenesis proceeds along with a temporary inhibition of autophagy or a gain of molecular functions that antagonize its oncosuppressive activity. Here, we discuss the differential impact of autophagy on distinct phases of tumorigenesis and the implications of this concept for the use of autophagy modulators in cancer therapy.
945 citations
Authors
Showing all 10298 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Andrew P. McMahon | 162 | 415 | 90650 |
Timothy P. Hughes | 145 | 831 | 91357 |
Jeremy K. Nicholson | 141 | 773 | 80275 |
Peng Shi | 137 | 1371 | 65195 |
Daniel Thomas | 134 | 846 | 84224 |
Jian Li | 133 | 2863 | 87131 |
Matthew Jones | 125 | 1161 | 96909 |
Ulrich S. Schubert | 122 | 2229 | 85604 |
Elaine Holmes | 119 | 560 | 58975 |
Arne Astrup | 114 | 866 | 68877 |
Richard Gray | 109 | 808 | 78580 |
John B. Furness | 103 | 597 | 37668 |
Thomas J. Jentsch | 101 | 238 | 32810 |
Ben W.J. Mol | 101 | 1485 | 47733 |
John C. Lindon | 99 | 488 | 44063 |