scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Institution

University of South Australia

EducationAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
About: University of South Australia is a education organization based out in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 10086 authors who have published 32587 publications receiving 913683 citations. The organization is also known as: The University of South Australia & UniSA.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Heather Orpana1, Heather Orpana2, Laurie B. Marczak3, Megha Arora3  +338 moreInstitutions (173)
06 Feb 2019-BMJ
TL;DR: Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide and can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.
Abstract: Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.

472 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings of a systematic review looking at the relationship between exposure to promotional material from pharmaceutical companies and the quality, quantity, and cost of prescribing fail to find evidence of improvements in prescribing after exposure, and find some evidence of an association with higher prescribing frequency, higher costs, or lower prescribing quality.
Abstract: Background Pharmaceutical companies spent $57.5 billion on pharmaceutical promotion in the United States in 2004. The industry claims that promotion provides scientific and educational information to physicians. While some evidence indicates that promotion may adversely influence prescribing, physicians hold a wide range of views about pharmaceutical promotion. The objective of this review is to examine the relationship between exposure to information from pharmaceutical companies and the quality, quantity, and cost of physicians' prescribing.

472 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There has been a very rapid secular decline in the 20mSRT performance of children and adolescents over the last 20 years, at least in developed countries, with a sample-weighted mean decline of 0.43% of mean values per year.
Abstract: It is widely believed that the performance of children and adolescents on aerobic fitness tests is declining. To test this hypothesis, this meta-analysis compared the results of 55 reports of the performance of children and adolescents aged 6–19 years who have used the 20m shuttle run test (20mSRT). All data were collected in the period 1981–2000. Following corrections for methodological variation, the results of all studies were expressed using the common metric of running speed (km/h) at the last completed stage. Raw data were combined with pseudodata generated from reported means and standard deviations using Monte Carlo simulation. Where data were available on children and adolescents from the same country of the same age and sex, but tested at different times, linear regression was used to calculate rates of change. This was possible for 11 (mainly developed) countries, representing a total of 129 882 children and adolescents in 151 age × sex × country slices. There has been a significant decline in performance in the 11 countries where data were available, and in most age × sex groups, with a sample-weighted mean decline of 0.43% of mean values per year. The decline was most marked in older age groups and the rate of decline was similar for boys and girls. There has been a very rapid secular decline in the 20mSRT performance of children and adolescents over the last 20 years, at least in developed countries. The rate of decline is not related to the change in the country’s relative wealth, as quantified by per capita gross domestic product (GDP).

470 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate how collaborative relationships enhance continuous innovation in the supply chain using case studies and find that the ability to work together with partners has enabled firms to integrate and link operations for increased effectiveness as well as embark on both radical and incremental innovation.
Abstract: – The purpose of this study is to investigate how collaborative relationships enhance continuous innovation in the supply chain using case studies., – The data were collected from semi‐structured interviews with 23 managers in ten case studies. The main intention was to comprehend how these firms engaged in collaborative relationships and their importance for successful innovation. The study adopted a qualitative approach to investigating these factors., – The findings demonstrate how differing relationships can impact on the operation of firms and their capacities to innovate. The ability to work together with partners has enabled firms to integrate and link operations for increased effectiveness as well as embark on both radical and incremental innovation., – The research into the initiatives and strategies for collaboration was essentially exploratory. A qualitative approach using case studies acknowledged that the responses from managers were difficult to quantify or gauge the extent of these factors., – The findings have shown various methods where firms integrated with customers and suppliers in the supply chain. This was evident in the views of managers across all the firms examined, supporting the importance of collaboration and efficient allocation of resources throughout the supply chain. They were able to set procedures in their dealings with partners, sharing knowledge and processes, and subsequently joint‐planning and investing with them for better operations, systems and processes in the supply chain., – The case studies serve as examples for managers in logistics organisation who are contemplating strategies and issues on collaborative relationships. The study provides important lessons on how such relationships can impact on the operation of firms and their capability to innovate.

468 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive literature review exploring how the term 'transition' has been used in the health literature found widespread use of the word 'transitions' suggests that it is an important concept.
Abstract: Aim. This paper reports a comprehensive literature review exploring how the term ‘transition’ has been used in the health literature. Background. The meaning of transition has varied with the context in which the term has been used. The last 3 decades have seen altered understandings in the concept of transition in the social science and health disciplines, with nurses contributing to more recent understandings of the transition process as it relates to life and health. Method. The CINAHL, Medline, Sociofile and Psychlit databases were accessed and papers published between 1994 and 2004 were retrieved to answer the questions ‘How is the word transition used?’ and ‘What is the concept of transition informing?’ Transition theoretical frameworks were also explored. Findings. Widespread use of the word ‘transition’ suggests that it is an important concept. Transitional definitions alter according to the disciplinary focus, but most agree that transition involves people's responses during a passage of change. Transition occurs over time and entails change and adaptation, for example developmental, personal, relational, situational, societal or environmental change, but not all change engages transition. Reconstruction of a valued self-identity is essential to transition. Time is an essential element in transition and therefore longitudinal studies are required to explore the initial phase, midcourse experience and outcome of the transition experience. Conclusion. Transition is the way people respond to change over time. People undergo transition when they need to adapt to new situations or circumstances in order to incorporate the change event into their lives. Transition is a concept that is important to nursing; however, to further develop understandings, research must extend beyond single events or single responses. Longitudinal comparative and longitudinal cross-sectional inquiries are required to further develop the concept.

466 citations


Authors

Showing all 10298 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Andrew P. McMahon16241590650
Timothy P. Hughes14583191357
Jeremy K. Nicholson14177380275
Peng Shi137137165195
Daniel Thomas13484684224
Jian Li133286387131
Matthew Jones125116196909
Ulrich S. Schubert122222985604
Elaine Holmes11956058975
Arne Astrup11486668877
Richard Gray10980878580
John B. Furness10359737668
Thomas J. Jentsch10123832810
Ben W.J. Mol101148547733
John C. Lindon9948844063
Network Information
Related Institutions (5)
Monash University
100.6K papers, 3M citations

97% related

University of Queensland
155.7K papers, 5.7M citations

96% related

University of Sydney
187.3K papers, 6.1M citations

94% related

University of New South Wales
153.6K papers, 4.8M citations

94% related

University of Melbourne
174.8K papers, 6.3M citations

94% related

Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202393
2022306
20212,326
20202,175
20192,151
20182,045