Institution
University of Southern Denmark
Education•Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark•
About: University of Southern Denmark is a education organization based out in Odense, Syddanmark, Denmark. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Randomized controlled trial. The organization has 11928 authors who have published 37918 publications receiving 1258559 citations. The organization is also known as: SDU.
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20 Aug 2015TL;DR: In this article, the equivalence between normalized Stokes parameters and diffraction contrasts in appropriately designed phase-gradient birefringent metasurfaces was brought to the fore.
Abstract: Measuring light’s state of polarization is an inherently difficult problem since the phase information between orthogonal polarization states is typically lost in the detection process. In this work, we bring to the fore the equivalence between normalized Stokes parameters and diffraction contrasts in appropriately designed phase-gradient birefringent metasurfaces and introduce a concept of all-polarization birefringent metagratings. The metagrating, which consists of three interweaved metasurfaces, allows one to easily analyze an arbitrary state of light polarization by conducting simultaneous (i.e., parallel) measurements of the correspondent diffraction intensities that reveal immediately the Stokes parameters of the polarization state under examination. Based on plasmonic metasurfaces operating in reflection at a wavelength of 800 nm, we design and realize phase-gradient birefringent metasurfaces and the correspondent metagrating, while experimental characterization of the fabricated components convincingly demonstrates the expected functionalities. We foresee the use of the metagrating in compact polarimetric setups at any frequency regime of interest.
225 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the catalytic β-subunit of ATP synthase is phosphorylated in vivo and that the levels of a down-regulated ATP synthases β- subunit phosphoisoform in diabetic muscle correlated inversely with fasting plasma glucose levels, suggesting a role for phosphorylation of ATP synthesisation in the regulation of ATP synthesis.
225 citations
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TL;DR: The results confirm the reduction in mitochondrial proteins in insulin-resistant muscle and suggest that changes in muscle structure, protein degradation, and folding also characterize insulin resistance.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is an early phenomenon in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Studies of insulin resistance usually are highly focused. However, approaches that give a more global picture of abnormalities in insulin resistance are useful in pointing out new directions for research. In previous studies, gene expression analyses show a coordinated pattern of reduction in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene expression in insulin resistance. However, changes in mRNA levels may not predict changes in protein abundance. An approach to identify global protein abundance changes involving the use of proteomics was used here.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Muscle biopsies were obtained basally from lean, obese, and type 2 diabetic volunteers ( n = 8 each); glucose clamps were used to assess insulin sensitivity. Muscle protein was subjected to mass spectrometry–based quantification using normalized spectral abundance factors.
RESULTS Of 1,218 proteins assigned, 400 were present in at least half of all subjects. Of these, 92 were altered by a factor of 2 in insulin resistance, and of those, 15 were significantly increased or decreased by ANOVA ( P < 0.05). Analysis of protein sets revealed patterns of decreased abundance in mitochondrial proteins and altered abundance of proteins involved with cytoskeletal structure (desmin and alpha actinin-2 both decreased), chaperone function (TCP-1 subunits increased), and proteasome subunits (increased).
CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the reduction in mitochondrial proteins in insulin-resistant muscle and suggest that changes in muscle structure, protein degradation, and folding also characterize insulin resistance.
225 citations
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TL;DR: People with cleft lip and palate have increased mortality up to age 55 and may benefit from specific preventive health measures into and throughout adulthood, as well as other congenital malformations.
Abstract: Objective To assess the overall and cause specific mortality of people from birth to 55 years with cleft lip and palate.
Design Long term follow up study.
Setting Danish register of deaths.
Participants People born with cleft lip and palate between 1943 and 1987, followed to 1998.
Main outcome measures Observed and expected numbers of deaths, summarised as overall and cause specific standardised mortality ratios.
Results 5331 people with cleft lip and palate were followed for 170 421 person years. The expected number of deaths was 259, but 402 occurred, corresponding to a standardised mortality ratio of 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 1.6) for males and 1.8 (1.5 to 2.1) for females. The increased risk of mortality was nearly constant for the three intervals at follow up: first year of life, 1-17 years, and 18-55 years. The participants had an increased risk of all major causes of death.
Conclusions People with cleft lip and palate have increased mortality up to age 55. Children born with cleft lip and palate and possibly other congenital malformations may benefit from specific preventive health measures into and throughout adulthood.
225 citations
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French Institute of Health and Medical Research1, Claude Bernard University Lyon 12, UCL Institute of Neurology3, Autonomous University of Barcelona4, University Hospital of Basel5, University of Düsseldorf6, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens7, University of Florence8, University of Southern Denmark9, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia10, University of Pennsylvania11, Anschutz Medical Campus12, Children's Hospital at Westmead13, Harvard University14, University of Paris-Sud15, University of Strasbourg16, Fukushima Medical University17, Cleveland Clinic18, Walton Centre19, Ruhr University Bochum20, Medical University of Vienna21, John Radcliffe Hospital22, University of Glasgow23, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich24, Humboldt University of Berlin25, National Institute for Health Research26, Moorfields Eye Hospital27, University College London28, Mayo Clinic29, Innsbruck Medical University30, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul31, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn32, Istanbul University33, University of Paris34, University of British Columbia35, University of California, San Francisco36, Technische Universität München37
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) as a recently identified autoimmune disorder that presents in both adults and children as CNS demyelination.
Abstract: Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently identified autoimmune disorder that presents in both adults and children as CNS demyelination. Although there are clinical phenotypic overlaps between MOGAD, multiple sclerosis, and aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) cumulative biological, clinical, and pathological evidence discriminates between these conditions. Patients should not be diagnosed with multiple sclerosis or NMOSD if they have anti-MOG antibodies in their serum. However, many questions related to the clinical characterisation of MOGAD and pathogenetic role of MOG antibodies are still unanswered. Furthermore, therapy is mainly based on standard protocols for aquaporin-4 antibody-associated NMOSD and multiple sclerosis, and more evidence is needed regarding how and when to treat patients with MOGAD.
225 citations
Authors
Showing all 12150 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
George Davey Smith | 224 | 2540 | 248373 |
Matthias Mann | 221 | 887 | 230213 |
Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
Gang Chen | 167 | 3372 | 149819 |
Jun Wang | 166 | 1093 | 141621 |
Harvey F. Lodish | 165 | 782 | 101124 |
Jens J. Holst | 160 | 1536 | 107858 |
Rajesh Kumar | 149 | 4439 | 140830 |
J. Fraser Stoddart | 147 | 1239 | 96083 |
Debbie A Lawlor | 147 | 1114 | 101123 |
Børge G. Nordestgaard | 147 | 1047 | 95530 |
Oluf Pedersen | 135 | 939 | 106974 |
Rasmus Nielsen | 135 | 556 | 84898 |
Torben Jørgensen | 135 | 883 | 86822 |