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Institution

University of St Andrews

EducationSt Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
About: University of St Andrews is a education organization based out in St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Laser. The organization has 16260 authors who have published 43364 publications receiving 1636072 citations. The organization is also known as: St Andrews University & University of St. Andrews.
Topics: Population, Laser, Planet, Galaxy, Stars


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between self-report and perceived personality using both faces of individuals and computer graphic composites, and found some accuracy in the perception of emotional stability and openness to experience.
Abstract: In addition to signaling identity, sex, age, and emotional state, people frequently use facial characteristics as a basis for personality attributions. Typically, there is a high degree of consensus in the attributions made to faces. Nevertheless, the extent to which such judgments are veridical is unclear and somewhat controversial. We have examined the relationship between self-report and perceived personality using both faces of individuals and computer graphic composites. Photographs were taken of 146 men and 148 women who each also completed a self-report personality questionnaire from which scores on the big five personality dimensions were derived. In study 1, we identified a relationship between self-reported extraversion and perceived extraversion in individual faces. For male faces alone, we also found some accuracy in the perception of emotional stability and openness to experience. In study 2, composite faces were made from individuals self-reporting high and low scores on each of the five dimensions. These composites were rated for personality and attractiveness by independent raters. Discriminant analyses indicated that, controlling for attractiveness, independent ratings on congruent personality dimensions were best able to discriminate between composite faces generated from individuals high or low on the self-report dimensions of agreeableness, extraversion, and, for male faces only, emotional stability.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a computer-generated hologram is used for the production of high-order multiringed Laguerre-Gaussian modes with specific azimuthal and radial indices.
Abstract: A computer-generated hologram is used for the production of high-order multiringed Laguerre–Gaussian modes. These holograms differ from those previously reported in that they have an additional circular discontinuity. The holograms are used in transmission and are designed to convert the fundamental Hermite–Gaussian laser mode into a Laguerre–Gaussian mode with specific azimuthal and radial indices. The optical efficiency exceeds 40% with a radial mode purity of approximately 80%.

279 citations

Book
08 Oct 1998
TL;DR: The culture of the countryside 7. Consuming Rome 8. Keeping faith? 9. Roman power and the Gauls 10. Being Roman in Gaul 11. Mapping cultural change.
Abstract: 1. On Romanization 2. Roman power and the Gauls 3. The civilising ethos 4. Mapping cultural change 5. Urbanising the Gauls 6. The culture of the countryside 7. Consuming Rome 8. Keeping faith? 9. Being Roman in Gaul.

279 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a cointegration analysis is applied to model the long term relationship between industrial production, the consumer price index, money supply, long term interest rates and stock prices in the US and Japan.
Abstract: Within the framework of a standard discounted value model we examine whether a number of macroeconomic variables influence stock prices in the US and Japan. A cointegration analysis is applied in order to model the long term relationship between industrial production, the consumer price index, money supply, long term interest rates and stock prices in the US and Japan. For the US we find the data are consistent with a single cointegrating vector, where stock prices are positively related to industrial production and negatively related to both the consumer price index and a long term interest rate. We also find an insignificant (although positive) relationship between US stock prices and the money supply. However, for the Japanese data we find two cointegrating vectors. We find for one vector that stock prices are influenced positively by industrial production and negatively by the money supply. For the second cointegrating vector we find industrial production to be negatively influenced by the consumer price index and a long term interest rate. These contrasting results may be due to the slump in the Japanese economy during the 1990s and consequent liquidity trap.

279 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the social processes, influencing learning in animals, which can result in the social transmission of information through a population, resulting in homogeneity of behavior that extends beyond the period of interaction.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the social processes, influencing learning in animals. Social learning can result in the social transmission of information through a population, resulting in homogeneity of behavior that extends beyond the period of interaction. Examples include: the spread of foraging skills or vocalizations through vertebrate populations. A classification of social learning processes is presented. Imitation is among the most contentious of social learning processes. Observational conditioning involves the formation of an S–S association, whereas contextual imitation involves the formation of an S–R association between the contextual stimulus and the observed response. If an observer could learn R–S contingencies through observation, it could potentially learn what not to do in a specific context, as a result of watching other animals make mistakes. Observational R–S learning could be combined with production imitation to ensure that an observer disproportionately acquires novel action sequences that it sees being rewarded. The evidence needed to isolate each of the social learning processes is also discussed in the chapter.

278 citations


Authors

Showing all 16531 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Yi Chen2174342293080
Paul M. Thompson1832271146736
Ian J. Deary1661795114161
Dongyuan Zhao160872106451
Mark J. Smyth15371388783
Harry Campbell150897115457
William J. Sutherland14896694423
Thomas J. Smith1401775113919
John A. Peacock140565125416
Jean-Marie Tarascon136853137673
David A. Jackson136109568352
Ian Ford13467885769
Timothy J. Mitchison13340466418
Will J. Percival12947387752
David P. Lane12956890787
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023127
2022387
20211,998
20201,996
20192,059
20181,946