Institution
University of Stirling
Education•Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom•
About: University of Stirling is a education organization based out in Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Polyunsaturated fatty acid. The organization has 7722 authors who have published 20549 publications receiving 732940 citations. The organization is also known as: Stirling University.
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TL;DR: The notion of the ignorant citizen is introduced in this article to hint at a conception of citizenship that is not based on particular knowledge about what the good citizen is, but one that depends on a desire for a particular mode of human togetherness or, in short, a desire to democracy.
Abstract: Much work in the field of education for democratic citizenship is based on the idea that it is possible to know what a good citizen is, so that the task of citizenship education becomes that of the production of the good citizen. In this paper I ask whether and to what extent we can and should understand democratic citizenship as a positive identity. I approach this question by means of an exploration of four dimensions of democratic politics—the political community, the borders of the political order, the dynamics of democratic processes and practices, and the status of the democratic subject—in order to explore whether and to what extent the ‘essence’ of democratic politics can and should be understood as a particular order. For this I engage with ideas from Chantal Mouffe and Jacques Ranciere who both have raised fundamental questions about the extent to which the ‘essence’ of democratic politics can be captured as a particular order. In the paper I introduce the figure of the ignorant citizen in order to hint at a conception of citizenship that is not based on particular knowledge about what the good citizen is. I introduce a distinction between a socialisation conception of citizenship education and civic learning and a subjectification conception of citizenship education and civic learning in order to articulate what the educational implications of such an ‘anarchic’ understanding of democratic politics are. While the socialisation conception focuses on the question how ‘newcomers’ can be inserted into an existing political order, the subjectification conception focuses on the question how democratic subjectivity is engendered through engagement in always undetermined political processes. This is no longer a process driven by knowledge about what the citizen is or should become but one that depends on a desire for a particular mode of human togetherness or, in short, a desire for democracy.
180 citations
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TL;DR: A case study of best practice in planning for a flu pandemic and sharing this knowledge with NTOs and tourism organisations globally via the World Tourism Organisation and other communication channels is presented in this paper.
180 citations
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University of Otago1, Stonehill College2, Mount Saint Vincent University3, University of Würzburg4, State University of New York at Brockport5, University of Nebraska–Lincoln6, Erasmus University Rotterdam7, Università degli Studi Suor Orsola Benincasa8, University of Leeds9, George Fox University10, Texas A&M University–Commerce11, University of Social Sciences and Humanities12, Lehigh Carbon Community College13, University of Warwick14, Flinders University15, University of Münster16, Rochester Institute of Technology17, University of Virginia18, Victoria University of Wellington19, Goldsmiths, University of London20, University of North Dakota21, College of Charleston22, University of Stirling23, Kent State University24, University of Tasmania25, University of Oxford26, University of Düsseldorf27, Ohio State University28, University of Central Lancashire29, University of Maine30, Iowa State University31, Nebraska Wesleyan University32, University of Navarra33, University of Wyoming34, Masaryk University35, University of Portsmouth36, University of Texas at El Paso37, Niagara University38, Charles University in Prague39, Arkansas State University40
TL;DR: This article found that participants who described the robber were 25% worse at identifying the robber in a lineup than were participants who instead listed U.S. states and capitals, which has been termed the verbal overshadowing effect.
Abstract: Trying to remember something now typically improves your ability to remember it later. However, after watching a video of a simulated bank robbery, participants who verbally described the robber were 25% worse at identifying the robber in a lineup than were participants who instead listed U.S. states and capitals—this has been termed the “verbal overshadowing” effect (Schooler & Engstler-Schooler, 1990). More recent studies suggested that this effect might be substantially smaller than first reported. Given uncertainty about the effect size, the influence of this finding in the memory literature, and its practical importance for police procedures, we conducted two collections of preregistered direct replications (RRR1 and RRR2) that differed only in the order of the description task and a filler task. In RRR1, when the description task immediately followed the robbery, participants who provided a description were 4% less likely to select the robber than were those in the control condition. In RRR2, when the description was delayed by 20 min, they were 16% less likely to select the robber. These findings reveal a robust verbal overshadowing effect that is strongly influenced by the relative timing of the tasks. The discussion considers further implications of these replications for our understanding of verbal overshadowing.
180 citations
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TL;DR: A short epoch is strongly recommended for child and adolescent samples to obtain a "real" picture of young people's physical activity behavior and to prevent accumulation of counts reflecting the average activity level when longer epochs are used.
Abstract: Background: Researchers have begun to investigate the issue of epoch length on children's physical activity using small sample sizes, and to date, no studies have been conducted in adolescents.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different epoch lengths (5, 15, 30, and 60 s) on derived levels of physical activity in both a child and an adolescent sample.
Methods: Three hundred and eleven children age 7-11 yr and 234 adolescents age 12-16 yr were asked to wear an accelerometer during waking hours for 7 d. The epoch was set at 5 s, and when data were downloaded, the activity counts were then reintegrated into 15-, 30-, and 60-s epochs.
Results: A significant epoch effect was seen for time spent in vigorous physical activity, light physical activity, and rest in the child and adolescent samples and moderate-to-vigorous and moderate physical activities in the child sample only. The Bland-Altman analysis showed reasonable agreement on moderate-to-vigorous, moderate, vigorous, and light physical activities and rest between 5- and 15-, 5- and 30-, and 30- and 60-s epochs in the child sample and between 5- and 15-, 5- and 30-, and 15- and 30-s epochs in the adolescent sample.
Conclusions: A short epoch is strongly recommended for child and adolescent samples to obtain a "real" picture of young people's physical activity behavior and to prevent accumulation of counts reflecting the average activity level when longer epochs are used. Activity prevalence studies using epoch lengths of 5 and 60 s in a child or an adolescent sample should not be compared nor should 15- and 60- and 30- and 60-s epochs in an adolescent sample.
180 citations
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TL;DR: New hierarchical models, which incorporate root respiration as a primary function of GPP and which respond to environmental variables by modifying Callocation belowground, are needed for better prediction of future ecosystem C sequestration.
Abstract: Recent advances in the partitioning of autotrophic from heterotrophic respiration processes in soils in conjunction with new high temporal resolution soil respiration data sets offer insights into biotic and environmental controls of respiration. Besides temperature, many emerging controlling factors have not yet been incorporated into ecosystem-scale models. We synthesize recent research that has partitioned soil respiration into its process components to evaluate effects of nitrogen, temperature and photosynthesis on autotrophic flux from soils at the ecosystem level. Despite the widely used temperature dependence of root respiration, gross primary productivity (GPP) can explain most patterns of ecosystem root respiration (and to some extent heterotrophic respiration) at within-season time-scales. Specifically, heterotrophi crespiration is influenced by a seasonally variable supply of recent photosynthetic products in the rhizosphere. The contribution of stored root carbon (C) to root respiratory fluxes also varied seasonally, partially decoupling the proportion of photosynthetic C driving root respiration. In order to reflect recent insights, new hierarchical models, which incorporate root respiration as a primary function of GPP and which respond to environmental variables by modifying Callocation belowground, are needed for better prediction of future ecosystem C sequestration.
179 citations
Authors
Showing all 7824 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Alan D. Baddeley | 137 | 467 | 89497 |
Wolf Singer | 124 | 580 | 72591 |
John J. McGrath | 120 | 791 | 124804 |
Richard J. Simpson | 113 | 850 | 59378 |
David I. Perrett | 110 | 350 | 45878 |
Simon P. Driver | 109 | 455 | 46299 |
David J. Williams | 107 | 2060 | 62440 |
Linqing Wen | 107 | 412 | 70794 |
John A. Raven | 106 | 555 | 44382 |
David Coward | 103 | 400 | 67118 |
Stuart J. H. Biddle | 102 | 484 | 41251 |
Malcolm T. McCulloch | 100 | 371 | 36914 |
Andrew P. Dobson | 98 | 322 | 44211 |
Lister Staveley-Smith | 95 | 599 | 36924 |