University of Stuttgart

About: University of Stuttgart is a education organization based out in Stuttgart, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Finite element method. The organization has 27715 authors who have published 56370 publications receiving 1363382 citations. The organization is also known as: Universität Stuttgart.

Subpicotesla Diamond Magnetometry

Abstract: Magnetic fields play roles in a variety of scientific and medical applications. Using solid-state spins in diamond, researchers experimentally demonstrate the measurement of magnetic fields as small as 100 fT in a tiny sensor volume.

Modelling the evolution of human trail systems

Abstract: Many human social phenomena, such as cooperation1,2,3, the growth of settlements4, traffic dynamics5,6,7 and pedestrian movement7,8,9,10, appear to be accessible to mathematical descriptions that invoke self-organization11,12. Here we develop a model of pedestrian motion to explore the evolution of trails in urban green spaces such as parks. Our aim is to address such questions as what the topological structures of these trail systems are13, and whether optimal path systems can be predicted for urban planning. We use an ‘active walker’ model14,15,16,17,18,19 that takes into account pedestrian motion and orientation and the concomitant feedbacks with the surrounding environment. Such models have previously been applied to the study of complex structure formation in physical14,15,16, chemical17 and biological18,19 systems. We find that our model is able to reproduce many of the observed large-scale spatial features of trail systems.

On-demand generation of indistinguishable polarization-entangled photon pairs

Abstract: Polarization-entangled photon pairs are generated from an In(Ga)As quantum dot by setting the pump intensity such that the inversion of the quantum dot from the ground to the biexcitonic state is the most probable transition. On-demand generation is demonstrated with an ultrahigh purity, a high entanglement fidelity and high two-photon-interference non-post-selective visibilities.

Proposed classification of HPFRC composites based on their tensile response

Abstract: The tensile response of fiber reinforced cement (FRC) composites can be generally classified in two distinct categories depending on their behavior after first cracking, namely, either strain-hardening or strain-softening. Within the strain-softening category, one can distinguish between deflection-hardening and deflection-softening behavior. Several standard tests (ASTM, JCI, RILEM) are available to assess the characteristics of mostly strain-softening FRC composites through bending tests, but no standard test is currently available to characterize strain-hardening response in tension. Such composites have been described as high performance FRC or HPFRC composites. In this paper a proposal is put forth to characterize the response of strain-hardening FRC composites based on the results of direct tensile tests. The classification is based on several parameters which include a minimum value of elastic modulus, a minimum value of peak strain after first cracking, and the tensile strength level. While one of the key obstacles remains, that is, to develop a realistic and meaningful tensile test standard, some requirements on minimum specimen size, fiber size and aggregate size are also suggested.