University of Tennessee Health Science Center

About: University of Tennessee Health Science Center is a education organization based out in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 15716 authors who have published 26884 publications receiving 1176697 citations.

Extent of medial temporal resection on outcome from anterior temporal lobectomy: a randomized prospective study

Abstract: WE REPORT A prospective, randomized, blinded clinical trial comparing seizure and neuropsychological outcomes from anterior temporal lobectomies between two groups of patients. One group (n = 34) underwent hippocampal resection posteriorly to the anterior edge of the cerebral peduncle (partial hippocampectomy). In the other group (n = 36), the hippocampus was removed further to the level of the superior colliculus (total hippocampectomy). The amount of lateral cortical resection was the same between groups. Patients were and neuropsychological morbidity. At 1 year postoperatively, the total hippocampectomy group had a statistically superior seizure outcome compared with the partial hippocampectomy group (69 versus 38% seizure-free), and examination of time to first seizure (survival analysis) revealed significantly superior outcomes associated with total hippocampectomy. There was no increased neuropsychological morbidity associated with the more extensive hippocampal resection.

Asthma morbidity during pregnancy can be predicted by severity classification

Abstract: Background: The 1993 National Asthma Education Program Working Group on Asthma and Pregnancy defined asthma severity as mild, moderate, or severe on the basis of symptoms and spirometry, but no studies have evaluated the relationship between this classification system and subsequent asthma morbidity during pregnancy. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between asthma severity classification during pregnancy and gestational asthma exacerbations. Methods: Asthma severity was defined according to the 1993 classification, adjusted to include medication requirements, in a volunteer sample of 1739 pregnant asthmatic patients who were less than 26 weeks' gestation. Results: Initial asthma classification (mild, moderate, or severe) was significantly related to subsequent asthma morbidity during pregnancy (hospitalizations, unscheduled visits, corticosteroid requirements, and asthma symptoms during labor and delivery). Exacerbations during pregnancy occurred in 12.6% of patients initially classified as mild, 25.7% of patients classified as moderate, and 51.9% of patients classified as severe ( P Conclusion: The National Asthma Education Program Working Group on Asthma and Pregnancy classification of asthma severity, adapted to include medication use, predicts subsequent asthma morbidity during pregnancy. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:283-8.)

β-Carotene, Carotenoids and the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract: The importance of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation to the atherosclerotic process has led to the examination of beta-carotene as a possible preventive agent. Several epidemiologic studies show an inverse association between serum/adipose beta-carotene levels and coronary heart disease risk. Randomized clinical trials, however, have not shown any benefit, and perhaps even an adverse effect, of beta-carotene supplementation. A number of possible confounding factors may explain the inconsistency between the trials and epidemiologic evidence. Other carotenoids that are correlated with beta-carotene both in the diet and in the blood might be important factors, as might other plant-derived compounds. Alternatively, low serum carotenoid levels may reflect either increased lipoprotein density or the presence of inflammation, both factors emerging as important novel risk factors for coronary heart disease. Whereas the trial results support no preventive role for beta-carotene, the epidemiologic evidence does generally support the idea that a diet rich in high carotenoid foods is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease.