Showing papers by "University of Texas at Arlington published in 1973"
TL;DR: This article identified four types of rhetorical strategies commonly found in the apologetic speeches: absolutive, vindicative, explanative, and justificative, based upon the study of apologia from different historical periods.
Abstract: The family of apologetic speeches, composed of responses to charges made against a person's character, has yet to receive critical attention as a genre. This essay, based upon the study of apologia from different historical periods, identifies four types of rhetorical strategies commonly found in such addresses. Rhetors typically employ these strategies in combinations that produce four discernible subgenres of the apologetic form: (a) absolutive, (b) vindicative, (c) explanative, and (d) justificative. This mapping of the genre should serve as an aid in the generic criticism of apologia.
509 citations
TL;DR: The best linear unbiased estimator of the parameter of the Rayleigh distribution using order statistics in a Type II censored sample from a potential sample of size N is considered in this article.
Abstract: The best linear unbiased estimator of the parameter of the Rayleigh distribution using order statistics in a Type II censored sample from a potential sample of size N is considered. The coefficients for this estimator are tabled to five decimal places for N = 2(1)15 and censoring values of r1, (the number of observations censored from the left) and r2 (the number of observations censored from the right) such that r1 + r2 ? N - 2 for N = 2(1)10, r1 + r2 ? N - 3 for N = 11(1)15.
80 citations
TL;DR: Respiratory metabolism data on 15 species of fish indicate that individuals in a school experienced a reduction in metabolic rate when compared to the same individuals tested in isolation, and there is no statistical difference in the regression slopes of respiratory metabolism on size.
Abstract: Respiratory metabolism data on 15 species of fish representing six families indicate that individuals in a school experienced a reduction in metabolic rate when compared to the same individuals tested in isolation. The reduction in O2 consumption appears to be the result of an interaction of a “calming effect” and a possible hydrodynamic advantage. Schooling and nonschooling species both exhibit this decreased metabolic rate in the grouped individuals. Between isolated and grouped individuals under laboratory conditions, there is no statistical difference in the regression slopes of respiratory metabolism on size.
75 citations
TL;DR: Mating types in three species of cellular slime mold are discovered and one of these species is Dictyostelium discoideum, hitherto the subject of extensive biochemical investigations, and now amenable to genetic studies.
66 citations
TL;DR: Relatively low dosages of estradiol benzoate were effective in suppressing ovariectomy-induced food intake and weight gain in VMHN-lesioned and nonlesioned animals.
Abstract: The effects of estrogens on increased food intake and body weight gain induced by ovariectomy were examined in VMHN-lesioned and nonlesioned female rats. Ovariectomy yielded higher food intake and weight gain in VMHN-lesioned rats than that produced by lesions alone. Relatively low dosages of estradiol benzoate were effective in suppressing ovariectomy-induced food intake and weight gain in VMHN-lesioned and nonlesioned animals.
55 citations
TL;DR: The findings indicated that RT to a bisensory pairing is more rapid when attention is directed to the more potent member of the pair and not facilitation, and comparable energy integration effects obtain with tone as target and light as accessory, as well as vice versa.
Abstract: Intersensory facilitation refers to the more rapid reaction time (RT) to a target in one modality and an accessory stimulus in a different modality compared to a RT to the target alone. Prior studies suggest two processes contribute to the phenomenon, termed the preparatory state and energy integration which refer to the action of accessory stimulation in providing forewarning and intensifying the reaction signal, respectively. Experiment I factorially varied foreperiod duration, light (target) intensity and tone (accessory) intensity in a discriminative RT task. The results were that foreperiod (preparatory state) and intensity (energy integration) effects were additive, implying that they affected separate processing stages. Accessory stimulus intensity affected false alarm rate on catch trials. This suggests that energy integration involves a form of response bias (increased likelihood of responding) and not facilitation (more rapid information processing). Experiment II indicated that comparable energ...
53 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ranks, coefficients, variance, and efficiency for the k-optimum linear unbiased estimator of the Rayleigh distribution for k = 2(1)4 and a sample size of N = 2 (1)22.
Abstract: The member of the class of best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) of a parameter based on k order statistics which has minimum variance is called the k-optimum BLUE. The ranks, coefficients, variance, and efficiency are given for the k-optimum BLUE of the parameter of the Rayleigh distribution for k = 2(1)4 and a sample size of N = 2(1)22. In addition, an approximate k-optimum BLUE is given for k = 2(1)4 and N ? 23.
42 citations
TL;DR: Reevaluation over 1-3-week intervals indicates that the quantitative measures of tremor scores are reliable, and the predominant tremor frequency as measured from the tremor-power spectra is found to be independent of learning effects.
Abstract: A compensatory tracking task using a visual display and augmented auditory feedback and requiring subjects to maintain a 500-gm force on a control stick has been modified for clinical use. Integrated absolute values of the subjects' force error/second (tremor scores) have been used as a measure of steadiness, and power spectra of the force error have been used to establish the predominant tremor frequencies. Twenty parkinsonian patients, 7 age-matched controls, and 20 young controls have been evaluated, and representative tremor-time records, tremor scores, and tremor-power spectra are presented. The quantitative measures have proven sensitive to individual differences among normals, yet having a dynamic range sufficient to include the most severely afflicted patient tested. Normative values of both tremor scores and predominant tremor frequencies have been established and are significantly different from the parkinsonian values, the parkinsonian patients having a higher average tremor score [8.31 versus 3.76 (gram . seconds/second)] and a lower mean predominant tremor frequency (6.6 Hz versus 7.9 Hz). Representative tremor-power spectra have proven useful in describing physiological and parkinsonian tremors. Reevaluation over 1-3-week intervals indicates that the quantitative measures of tremor scores are reliable (r= 0.83, p < 0.01 for control subjects; r = 0.87, p < 0.01 for parkinsonian patients). In addition, the predominant tremor frequency as measured from the tremor-power spectra is found to be independent of learning effects. It is emphasized that such tests are not designed as diagnostic tools in themselves.
34 citations
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of spatial and social crowding are found to be separable in prisons, and it is proposed that prisons provide an excellent setting for such research since they contain a variety of realistically crowded conditions.
Abstract: Some general considerations involved in studying the effects of crowding on humans are considered. It is proposed that prisons provide an excellent setting for such research since they contain a variety of realistically crowded conditions. The effects of spatial and social crowding are found to be separable in prisons.
21 citations
01 Jan 1973
TL;DR: A modified version of the generalized discrete transform described earlier has a number of zeros as its elements, and consequently its matrix factors are more sparse, which results in fewer arithmetic operations and corresponding savings in computer time, when information is processed.
Abstract: A modified version of the generalized discrete transform described earlier is now developed. The transform matrix of this modified version has a number of zeros as its elements, and consequently its matrix factors are more sparse. This results in fewer arithmetic operations and corresponding savings in computer time, when information is processed.
TL;DR: In this article, Ll-shaped masking functions were obtained in two metacontrast experiments, where trained Ss judged whether a square test stimulus (TS) was bright or dim.
Abstract: An attempt was made to obtain Ll-shaped masking functions in two metacontrast experiments. Trained Ss judged whether a square test stimulus (TS) was bright or dim. The TS was presented alone or in conjunction with an adjacent pair of square masking stimuli (MS) whose energy equaled the bright TS. The stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) ranged from 0 to 125 msec. The task minimized the role of apparent movement cues as a reliable basis for judgment. Similar studies have employed TS plus MS vs MS alone as the alternatives, allowing apparent movement to be a cue. Brightness accuracy was a If-shaped function of SOA. This finding is consistent with neural-net models (Weisstein, 1968). However, analysis of Ss' response bias suggested an alternative explanation involving the MS as a comparison stimulus at short SOA. It was concluded that U-shaped masking functions are also consistent with theories based upon independent component processes, e.g., Schurman and Eriksen (1970) and Uttal (1970).
TL;DR: The motivation for this study is to show that while the WHT is inherently associated with the notion of dyadic time shifts, it does have analogous properties with respect to cyclic time shifts.
Abstract: It is shown that the complete set of circular shift invariants called the Q-spectrum, of the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) of a periodic sequence is related to the cyclic autocorrelation of the given sequence through the Hadamard matrices. It is also shown that the modified WHT (MWHT) of the cyclic autocorrelation yields the Q-spectrum within some scale factors. This is analogous to the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) case, i.e., the DFT of the autocorrelation of a sequence yields the shift invariant power spectrum. The Q-spectrum can be computed efficiently using the MWHT rather than the WHT. A physical interpretation for the Q-spectrum is also provided. The motivation for this study is to show that while the WHT is inherently associated with the notion of dyadic time shifts, it does have analogous properties with respect to cyclic time shifts.
TL;DR: In this paper, an explicit expression for estimators of the parameters of a bivariate normal distribution doubly truncated with respect to both random variables is given in terms of sample moments.
Abstract: SUMMARY Explicit expressions for estimators of the parameters of a bivariate normal distribution doubly truncated with respect to both random variables are given in terms of sample moments. These estimators are shown to be con- sistent asymptotically (jointly) normal. A numerical example is included. NATH (1971) has given the maximum likelihood equations for estimating the para- meters of a bivariate normal distribution doubly truncated with respect to both random variables. These equations are nonlinear in the parameters and an iterative method must be used to find the maximum likelihood estimates. In this paper alternate estimators are derived which are considerably easier to compute than the maximum likelihood estimators. These estimators are expressed explicitly in terms of sample moments and are shown to be consistent asymptotically (jointly) normal. In addition, they may be used as a starting vector for solving the maximum likelihood equations and should, in general, reduce the number of cycles
TL;DR: In this paper, an improved synthesis of trimethylphosphine from the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with methyl lithium was presented, achieving yields of 60% at −78°.
TL;DR: In this article, the isochromatic and isoclinic parameters for fiber-reinforced birefringent materials are examined, and it is shown that residual bire-fringence and an initial isoclimatic angle is not a measure of the principal strain nor the principal stress directions within the composite.
Abstract: The isochromatic and isoclinic parameters for fiber-reinforced birefringent materials are examined. Experimental results reveal residual birefringence and an initial isoclinic coincident with the axis of material symmetry. These preliminary data also indicate that the isoclinic angle is neither a measure of the principal strain nor the principal-stress directions within the composite.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Intersensory facilitation refers to the more rapid reaction time (RT) to a target in one modality and an accessory stimulus in a different modality compared to a RT to the target alone as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Intersensory facilitation refers to the more rapid reaction time (RT) to a target in one modality and an accessory stimulus in a different modality compared to a RT to the target alone. Prior studies suggest two processes contribute to the phenomenon, termed the preparatory state and energy integration which refer to the action of accessory stimulation in providing forewarning and intensifying the reaction signal, respectively. Experiment I factorially varied foreperiod duration, light (target) intensity and tone (accessory) intensity in a discriminative RT task. The results were that foreperiod (preparatory state) and intensity (energy integration) effects were additive, implying that they affected separate processing stages. Accessory stimulus intensity affected false alarm rate on catch trials. This suggests that energy integration involves a form of response bias (increased likelihood of responding) and not facilitation (more rapid information processing). Experiment II indicated that comparable energ...
TL;DR: Since previous results are for equal cost steps, the problem of constructing an optimal retrieval tree under the new circumstances is formulated mathematically and a very rapid solution procedure is given.
TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between prior success and failure on the subsequent tendency to persevere on a task and found that the incentive value of success and its probability are inversely related for individuals whose motivation to achieve is grater than their tendency to avoid failure.
Abstract: tions. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed. Prior to the studies by Wyer and Bednar (1967) and Wyer (1968), no studies had examined the relationship between prior success and failure on the subsequent tendency to persevere on a task. The Wyer studies indicated that previous failure on a difficult task led to more perseverance than success, while previous success on an easy task led to more perseverance than prior failure. These results are exactly opposite to the predictions derived from Atkinson's (1957) theory of achievement motivacion, but they are consistent with interpretation in terms of exchange theory (cf. Wyer, 1968). This latter interpretation deals explicitly with persistence to completion of a task once individuals have begun a task, while Atkinson's theory deals with both completion of tasks and selection of tasks. It is possible that the results predicted by Atkinson's theory may occur in a situation in which an individual is given an explicit option of continuing on the same or a new task after an experience of success or failure (selection of task). This prediction can be derived from Atkinson's theory for individuals whose motivation to achieve is grater than their tendency to avoid failure. For such individuals the incentive value of success and its probability are inversely related. Their over-all motivation to perform a particular task is hypothesized to be a multiplicative function of the probability of success on that task and the incentive value of such success. This reasoning leads to the conclusion that
TL;DR: Spectral modes for the generalized transform are developed in this paper, which are invariant to cyclic shift of the input sequence and possess sequency resolution in their squared terms, however, they cannot be called energy spectra as there are cross terms, some of which are negative.
Abstract: Spectral modes for the generalized transform are developed. These spectra are invariant to cyclic shift of the input sequence and possess sequency resolution in their squared terms. They cannot, however, be called energy spectra as there are cross terms, some of which are negative.
TL;DR: In this paper, the applicability of the theory of operator equations to abstract differential equations is demonstrated. But this paper is focused on the representation and approximation of solutions, not on the specific topics of existence uniqueness, stiff equations, and singular perturbations.
TL;DR: This paper introduces an effective method for rural electrical systems planning that applies to both long-range and short-term system planning and emphasizes simplicity and flexibility.
Abstract: This paper introduces an effective method for rural electrical systems planning. All three-phase, two-phase, and single-phase lines are simulated in one computer study. Typical load flow results are obtained from the study. The method emphasizes simplicity and flexibility. Very little computation time is required. Once the data are prepared the amount of work required to incorporate the changing of the system is small and very inexpensive. This type of flexibility is one of the most important contributions of this new method. The method applies to both long-range and short-term system planning.
01 Dec 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of controlling a class of linear systems with unknown parameters is considered, and the optimal open-loop strategies are obtained for linear systems having unknown parameters in the system matrix with a quadratic performance index.
Abstract: The problem of controlling a class of linear systems with unknown parameters is considered. The optimal open-loop strategies are obtained for linear systems with unknown parameters in the system matrix with a quadratic performance index. The method of solution is based upon the use of the Hamilton-Jacobi theory. Robert B. Asher is with the Air Force Avionics Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio. Craig S. Sims is with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. Henry R. Sebesta is with the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine developments in agricultural trade between countries in EEC and EFTA, the U.S., and an aggregate of other countries, a measure of trading intensity is calculated for years from 1960 through 1969.
Abstract: To examine developments in agricultural trade between countries in EEC and EFTA, the U. S., and an aggregate of other countries, a measure of trading intensity is calculated for years from 1960 through 1969. Intra‐EFTA trade intensified; EEC trade did not. U. S. trade with the remainder of the world intensified.
TL;DR: In this article, the synthesis and characterization of methylammonium cyanides are reported, as well as the relative basicities of amines, as shown by a study of the heats of their reactions with hydrogen cyanide.
TL;DR: In particular, if the scattering occurs in the presence of a momentum-analyzing magnet of strength, one can expect failures of covariance in spin and momentum of order as mentioned in this paper, where π is the relative velocity of the scattering particles.
Abstract: Long-range interactions, such as electromagnetism and gravitation, lead to exchanges of angular momentum and other observables which may persist indefinitely after scattering. These exchanges modify the Lorentz transformation properties of observables associated with the particles coming out of a scattering event. In particular, if the scattering occurs in the presence of a momentum-analyzing magnet of strength $e{a}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, one can expect failures of covariance in spin and momentum of order ${(\frac{{r}_{\mathrm{cl}}}{a})}^{2}{\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, where ${r}_{\mathrm{cl}}$ is the classical electron radius and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ is the relative velocity of the scattering particles. Without the external field we find linear momentum, helicity, and charge transform properly but total angular momentum (probably not directly measurable) does not. This last result is connected with the infrared catastrophe.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the problem of estimating the mean and variance of the population yielding the other observations, and developed unbiased estimates that are unbiased if terms of ordern ≥ −1+A +2 ǫ are neglected.
Abstract: The data (continuous) aren independent observations that are believed to be a random sample. The possibility exists, however, that as many asJ of the largest observations, and as many asK of the smallest observations, are outliers. That is, these observations are from populations that are different from the population yielding the other observations (which number at leastn−J−K). The interest is in obtaining suitable estimates for the mean and variance of the population yielding the other observations.J andK are given and relatively small, with both ≦2n
A
, whereA is specified and ≦1/4. When the population yielding the other observations is continuous, has moments of all orders, and is well-behaved in some other ways, estimates are developed that are unbiased if terms of ordern
−1+A
+2ɛ are neglected. Here, ɛ can be arbitrarily small but is positive.