University of Texas at Austin

About: University of Texas at Austin is a education organization based out in Austin, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 94352 authors who have published 206297 publications receiving 9070052 citations. The organization is also known as: UT-Austin & UT Austin.

A Population-Based Study of Seizures after Traumatic Brain Injuries

Abstract: Background The risk of seizures is increased after traumatic brain injury, but the extent and duration of the increase in risk are unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of brain injuries that are associated with the development of seizures. Methods We identified 4541 children and adults with traumatic brain injury (characterized by loss of consciousness, post-traumatic amnesia, or skull fracture) in Olmsted County, Minnesota, during the period from 1935 through 1984. Injuries were classified as mild (loss of consciousness or amnesia lasting less than 30 minutes), moderate (loss of consciousness for 30 minutes to 24 hours or a skull fracture), or severe (loss of consciousness or amnesia for more than 24 hours, subdural hematoma, or brain contusion). We compared the incidence of new unprovoked seizures in this cohort with population rates, using standardized incidence ratios and Cox proportional-hazards analysis. Results The overall standardized incidence ratio was 3.1 (95 p...

Optimal frequency measurements with maximally correlated states.

Abstract: We show how maximally correlated states of N two-level particles can be used in spectroscopy to yield a frequency uncertainty equal to (NT${)}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, where T is the time of a single measurement. From the time-energy uncertainty relation we show that this is the best precision possible. We rephrase these results in the language of particle interferometry and obtain a state and detection operator which can be used to achieve a phase uncertainty exactly equal to the 1/N Heisenberg limit, where N is the number of particles used in the measurement.

The Secret Lives of Liberals and Conservatives: Personality Profiles, Interaction Styles, and the Things They Leave Behind

Abstract: Although skeptics continue to doubt that most people are “ideological,” evidence suggests that meaningful left-right differences do exist and that they may be rooted in basic personality dispositions, that is, relatively stable individual differences in psychological needs, motives, and orientations toward the world. Seventy-five years of theory and research on personality and political orientation has produced a long list of dispositions, traits, and behaviors. Applying a theory of ideology as motivated social cognition and a “Big Five” framework, we find that two traits, Openness to New Experiences and Conscientiousness, parsimoniously capture many of the ways in which individual differences underlying political orientation have been conceptualized. In three studies we investigate the relationship between personality and political orientation using multiple domains and measurement techniques, including: self-reported personality assessment; nonverbal behavior in the context of social interaction; and personal possessions and the characteristics of living and working spaces. We obtained consistent and converging evidence that personality differences between liberals and conservatives are robust, replicable, and behaviorally significant, especially with respect to social (vs. economic) dimensions of ideology. In general, liberals are more open-minded, creative, curious, and novelty seeking, whereas conservatives are more orderly, conventional, and better organized.

Twisted optical metamaterials for planarized ultrathin broadband circular polarizers

Abstract: Optical metamaterials are usually based on planarized, complex-shaped, resonant nano-inclusions. Three-dimensional geometries may provide a wider set of functionalities, including broadband chirality to manipulate circular polarization at the nanoscale, but their fabrication becomes challenging as their dimensions get smaller. Here we introduce a new paradigm for the realization of optical metamaterials, showing that three-dimensional effects may be obtained without complicated inclusions, but instead by tailoring the relative orientation within the lattice. We apply this concept to realize planarized, broadband bianisotropic metamaterials as stacked nanorod arrays with a tailored rotational twist. Because of the coupling among closely spaced twisted plasmonic metasurfaces, metamaterials realized with conventional lithography may effectively operate as three-dimensional helical structures with broadband bianisotropic optical response. The proposed concept is also shown to relax alignment requirements common in three-dimensional metamaterial designs. The realized sample constitutes an ultrathin, broadband circular polarizer that may be directly integrated within nanophotonic systems.