University of Texas at Austin

About: University of Texas at Austin is a education organization based out in Austin, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 94352 authors who have published 206297 publications receiving 9070052 citations. The organization is also known as: UT-Austin & UT Austin.

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Public Health Protection: A Statement of Principles from The Endocrine Society

Abstract: An endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) is an exogenous chemical, or mixture of chemicals, that can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. The potential for deleterious effects of EDC must be considered relative to the regulation of hormone synthesis, secretion, and actions and the variability in regulation of these events across the life cycle. The developmental age at which EDC exposures occur is a critical consideration in understanding their effects. Because endocrine systems exhibit tissue-, cell-, and receptor-specific actions during the life cycle, EDC can produce complex, mosaic effects. This complexity causes difficulty when a static approach to toxicity through endocrine mechanisms driven by rigid guidelines is used to identify EDC and manage risk to human and wildlife populations. We propose that principles taken from fundamental endocrinology be employed to identify EDC and manage their risk to exposed populations. We emphasize the importance of developmental stage and, in particular, the realization that exposure to a presumptive “safe” dose of chemical may impact a life stage when there is normally no endogenous hormone exposure, thereby underscoring the potential for very low-dose EDC exposures to have potent and irreversible effects. Finally, with regard to the current program designed to detect putative EDC, namely, the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program, we offer recommendations for strengthening this program through the incorporation of basic endocrine principles to promote further understanding of complex EDC effects, especially due to developmental exposures.

Longitudinal Field Research Methods for Studying Processes of Organizational Change

Abstract: Introduction - Andrew H Van de Ven and George P Huber Longitudinal Field Research Methods for Studying Processes of Organization Change Images of Imaging - Stephen R Barley Notes on Doing Longitudinal Field Work A Dual Methodology for Case Studies - Dorothy Leonard-Barton Synergistic Use of a Longitudinal Single Site with Replicated Multiple Sites Building Theories from Case Study Research - Kathleen M Eisenhardt Longitudinal Field Research on Change - Andrew M Pettigrew Theory and Practice Studying Changes in Organizational Design and Effectiveness - William H Glick et al Retrospective Event Histories and Periodic Assessments Methods for Studying Innovation Development in the Minnesota Innovation Research Program - Andrew H Van de Ven and Marshall Scott Poole Alternate Approaches to Integrating Longitudinal Case Studies - Robert D McPhee A Primer of Sequence Methods - Andrew Abbott An Empirical Taxonomy of Implementation Processes Based on Sequences of Events in Information System Development - Rajiv Sabherwal and Daniel Robey Theoretical and Analytical Issues in Studying Organizational Processes - Peter R Monge Organizations Reacting to Hyperturbulence - Alan D Meyer, James B Goes and Geoffrey R Brooks

Elastography: ultrasonic estimation and imaging of the elastic properties of tissues.

Abstract: The basic principles of using sonographic techniques for imaging the elastic properties of tissues are described, with particular emphasis on elastography. After some preliminaries that describe some basic tissue stiffness measurements and some contrast transfer limitations of strain images are presented, four types of elastograms are described, which include axial strain, lateral strain, modulus and Poisson's ratio elastograms. The strain filter formalism and its utility in understanding the noise performance of the elastographic process is then given, as well as its use for various image improvements. After discussing some main classes of elastographic artefacts, the paper concludes with recent results of tissue elastography in vitro and in vivo.

CONGRUENCE EFFECTS IN SPONSORSHIP: The Mediating Role of Sponsor Credibility and Consumer Attributions of Sponsor Motive

Abstract: Corporations sponsoring causes may hope to create the appearance of "good citizenship." Using attribution theory, the authors develop and test a cognitive explanation of sponsorship effects. Results of the experiment suggest that a good fit between a company and the cause it sponsors generates consumer attributions of altruistic sponsor motives and enhances sponsor credibility and attitude toward the sponsor. Mediation analysis results indicate that congruence effects on sponsor attitudes were mediated by sponsor credibility.