Institution
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Education•Houston, Texas, United States•
About: University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is a education organization based out in Houston, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 27309 authors who have published 42520 publications receiving 2151596 citations. The organization is also known as: UTHealth & The UT Health Science Center at Houston.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Cancer, Stroke, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population.
Abstract: IMPORTANCE: The causal direction and magnitude of the association between telomere length and incidence of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases is uncertain owing to the susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a Mendelian randomization study, using germline genetic variants as instrumental variables, to appraise the causal relevance of telomere length for risk of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases. DATA SOURCES: Genomewide association studies (GWAS) published up to January 15, 2015. STUDY SELECTION: GWAS of noncommunicable diseases that assayed germline genetic variation and did not select cohort or control participants on the basis of preexisting diseases. Of 163 GWAS of noncommunicable diseases identified, summary data from 103 were available. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Summary association statistics for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with telomere length in the general population. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for disease per standard deviation (SD) higher telomere length due to germline genetic variation. RESULTS: Summary data were available for 35 cancers and 48 non-neoplastic diseases, corresponding to 420 081 cases (median cases, 2526 per disease) and 1 093 105 controls (median, 6789 per disease). Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with increased risk for site-specific cancers. The strongest associations (ORs [95% CIs] per 1-SD change in genetically increased telomere length) were observed for glioma, 5.27 (3.15-8.81); serous low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer, 4.35 (2.39-7.94); lung adenocarcinoma, 3.19 (2.40-4.22); neuroblastoma, 2.98 (1.92-4.62); bladder cancer, 2.19 (1.32-3.66); melanoma, 1.87 (1.55-2.26); testicular cancer, 1.76 (1.02-3.04); kidney cancer, 1.55 (1.08-2.23); and endometrial cancer, 1.31 (1.07-1.61). Associations were stronger for rarer cancers and at tissue sites with lower rates of stem cell division. There was generally little evidence of association between genetically increased telomere length and risk of psychiatric, autoimmune, inflammatory, diabetic, and other non-neoplastic diseases, except for coronary heart disease (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.90]), abdominal aortic aneurysm (OR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49-0.81]), celiac disease (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.28-0.61]) and interstitial lung disease (OR, 0.09 [95% CI, 0.05-0.15]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: It is likely that longer telomeres increase risk for several cancers but reduce risk for some non-neoplastic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.
376 citations
University of Alabama at Birmingham1, University of Texas Medical Branch2, Ohio State University3, Thomas Jefferson University4, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center5, Columbia University6, University of Tennessee Health Science Center7, University of California, Irvine8, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston9, United States Air Force Academy10, University of Cincinnati11, University of Oklahoma12
TL;DR: In women with a prior spontaneous preterm birth less than 34 weeks and cervical length less than 25 mm, cerclage reduced previable birth and perinatal mortality but did not prevent birth more than 35 weeks, unless cervical length was less than 15 mm.
375 citations
Duke University1, National Institutes of Health2, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston3, Vanderbilt University4, RTI International5, University of Michigan6, Case Western Reserve University7, University of California, Los Angeles8, University of Alabama at Birmingham9, Boston University10, University of Virginia11, University of Washington12, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center13, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center14, City of Hope National Medical Center15, Medical University of South Carolina16, Mayo Clinic17, University of Calgary18, Washington University in St. Louis19, Medical College of Wisconsin20, University of Ottawa21, University of Pittsburgh22, University of Toledo23
TL;DR: Myeloablative autologous hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation achieved long‐term benefits in patients with scleroderma, including improved event‐free and overall survival, at a cost of increased expected toxicity.
Abstract: BackgroundDespite current therapies, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) often has a devastating outcome. We compared myeloablative CD34+ selected autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with immunosuppression by means of 12 monthly infusions of cyclophosphamide in patients with scleroderma. MethodsWe randomly assigned adults (18 to 69 years of age) with severe scleroderma to undergo myeloablative autologous stem-cell transplantation (36 participants) or to receive cyclophosphamide (39 participants). The primary end point was a global rank composite score comparing participants with each other on the basis of a hierarchy of disease features assessed at 54 months: death, event-free survival (survival without respiratory, renal, or cardiac failure), forced vital capacity, the score on the Disability Index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire, and the modified Rodnan skin score. ResultsIn the intention-to-treat population, global rank composite scores at 54 months showed the super...
375 citations
French Institute of Health and Medical Research1, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven2, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev3, German Cancer Research Center4, Istituto Superiore di Sanità5, University of Turin6, Georgia Regents University7, University of Oxford8, Cardiff University9, Oregon Health & Science University10, Yale University11, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory12, University of Pennsylvania13, University of Burgundy14, Georgetown University15, National Institutes of Health16, University of Miami17, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai18, GlaxoSmithKline19, University of Paris20, Centre national de la recherche scientifique21, Heidelberg University22, University of Pittsburgh23, Karolinska Institutet24, Hamad Medical Corporation25, University of Sheffield26, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse27, University of Lausanne28, University of Milan29, University of Navarra30, Leiden University31, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston32, Istituto Giannina Gaslini33, Roswell Park Cancer Institute34, University of California, San Francisco35, Northwestern University36, Johns Hopkins University37, Thomas Jefferson University38, Main Line Health39, University of Buenos Aires40, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center41, University of Chicago42, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg43, Mie University44, University of Lisbon45, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute46, University of Queensland47, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research48, University of Connecticut49, University of Nebraska Medical Center50, Université catholique de Louvain51, Mayo Clinic52, Technische Universität München53, University of South Florida54, Cornell University55, University of Michigan56
TL;DR: A critical, integrated classification of anticancer immunotherapies is proposed and the clinical relevance of these approaches is discussed.
Abstract: During the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in cancer patients, and many others are being investigated as standalone therapeutic interventions or combined with conventional treatments in clinical studies. Immunotherapies may be subdivided into "passive" and "active" based on their ability to engage the host immune system against cancer. Since the anticancer activity of most passive immunotherapeutics (including tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies) also relies on the host immune system, this classification does not properly reflect the complexity of the drug-host-tumor interaction. Alternatively, anticancer immunotherapeutics can be classified according to their antigen specificity. While some immunotherapies specifically target one (or a few) defined tumor-associated antigen(s), others operate in a relatively non-specific manner and boost natural or therapy-elicited anticancer immune responses of unknown and often broad specificity. Here, we propose a critical, integrated classification of anticancer immunotherapies and discuss the clinical relevance of these approaches.
375 citations
TL;DR: Investigators from 10 countries studied the epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection among children 0-59 months old to provide interesting and useful data on the epidemiologic dynamics of ARI.
Abstract: Investigators from 10 countries studied the epidemiology of acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) among children 0-59 months old. Data on incidence rates, by age, gender, and season; on pathogenic agents; on case-fatality rates; and on selected risk factor findings are presented. Incidence rates from six of the community-based studies ranged from 12.7 to 16.8 new episodes of ARI per 100 child-weeks at risk, and rates of lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) ranged from 0.2 to 3.4 new episodes per 100 child-weeks at risk. Children spend from 21.7% to 40.1% of observed weeks with ARI and from 1% to 14.4% of observed weeks with LRI. The incidence rates for ARI are highest in younger children. Viruses, especially respiratory syncytial virus, are isolated more frequently than bacteria from children with episodes of LRI. Risk factors exhibited different patterns of association with ARI in different studies. Interventions could have great impact on high-risk levels common in the study populations. These studies provide interesting and useful data on the epidemiologic dynamics of ARI.
375 citations
Authors
Showing all 27450 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
| Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
| Eric N. Olson | 206 | 814 | 144586 |
| Hagop M. Kantarjian | 204 | 3708 | 210208 |
| André G. Uitterlinden | 199 | 1229 | 156747 |
| Gordon B. Mills | 187 | 1273 | 186451 |
| Eric Boerwinkle | 183 | 1321 | 170971 |
| Bruce M. Psaty | 181 | 1205 | 138244 |
| Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
| Daniel R. Weinberger | 177 | 879 | 128450 |
| Bharat B. Aggarwal | 175 | 706 | 116213 |
| Richard A. Gibbs | 172 | 889 | 249708 |
| Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
| James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
| Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |