Showing papers by "University of Texas Medical Branch published in 1970"
TL;DR: Circulating glucose levels also directly modify the effects of glucagon on the activities of these enzymes supporting the possibility that glucose levels may be important in moderating the control of liver glycogen metabolism in vivo.
103 citations
TL;DR: Hyperthyroidism is the most common cause of hyperkinetic circulatory disease andequate treatment of this high cardiac output state, whether or not it is accompanied by congestive heart failure, cannot be properly accomplished without vigorous treatment of the underlying endocrine disorder.
95 citations
TL;DR: Proteinuria and œdema appeared to be exacerbated in all four cases with increased exposure to inhalant allergens, and in the pollen-sensitive patients the proteinuria appeared to subside while they were being treated with hyposensitisation injections.
76 citations
TL;DR: IgA produced by the cells of human colostrum may be used in the formation of secretory IgA and may be an important source of antibodies in Colostrum.
Abstract: The immune functions of the cells of human colostrum are further explored by testing the ability of cells to synthesize IgG IgA IgM and Blc. Prepartum and postpartum colostrum samples were collected from 8 volunteer patients by means of a breast pump and subjected to centrifugation. The cells were cultured with carbon-14 labeled amino acids. Radioactive amino acids incorporated into the newly synthesized proteins from the cultures were detected by immunoelectrophoresis and autoradiography. Control experiments were also done: 1) human peripheral leukocytes cultured in radioactive amino acid medium served as positive controls for synthesis of immunoglobulins; 2) normal human serum cell-free human colostrum or colostral cells were subjected to immunoelectrophoresis and 3) protein synthesis was inhibited by adding 300 mcg of puromycin or 2 mcg of actinomycin D to cell cultures. The control experiments showed evidence of in vitro production of IgA IgM and less frequently IgG by human peripheral blood leukocytes. Radioactive cultures of human serum cell-free human colostrum or ruptured colostral cells did not show labeling of immunoglobulin of Betalc precipitatin lines. No radiolabeled immunoprecipitin lines were found with antisera to IgG or IgM but radioactive immunoprecipitin lines were found in some of the anti-Betalc/Betala preparations. Al the anti-IgA preparation showed distinct evenly labeled immunoprecipitin line. When anti SP (secretory piece) was used an immunoprecipitin line was shown corresponding to the anodal portion of secretory IgA. Further experiments should be done to determine if either the secretory type of IgA or the SP is synthesized by cells of human colostrum.
74 citations
TL;DR: Levels of 26-hydroxycholesterol were compared with total lipid and cholesterol levels and all three entities were shown to increase in about the same manner with increasing severity of atherosclerosis both in intimal tissue samples and in medial tissue samples.
70 citations
TL;DR: Significant developments in pathophysiologic research are outlined, and a program directed to the prevention and correction of postburn deformity is described.
61 citations
TL;DR: The response rate and quality and duration of response to Vcr plus radiation appear similar if not superior to that reported for actinomycin D plus radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic Wilms' tumor.
Abstract: Complete regression of metastatic disease occurred in 16 of 22 (73%) children with Wilms' tumor treated with a combination regimen employing vincristine sulfate (Vcr) and radiation to the metastases. Ten of the 22 (45%) children are living and well for more than 2 years following treatment of their metastases. This survival figure might have been improved by more intensive radiation therapy, since 3 of the children failed to receive radiation therapy to all known metastatic sites. The response rate and quality and duration of response to Vcr plus radiation appear similar if not superior to that reported for actinomycin D plus radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic Wilms'.
59 citations
TL;DR: Since no tritiated thymidine should have been available at the time of injury or afterward to label cells that proliferated in response to the injury, the difference in the number of labeled cells between the injured animals and the controls is attributed to an infiltration of labeled mononuclear leucocytes.
Abstract: Tritiated thymidine was injected into adult female A/J mice at 24, 20, and 16 hours before transection of the left hypoglossal nerve. These animals and uninjured controls that received the same sequence of tritiated thymidine injections were sacrificed by perfusion fixation at either 4, 8, 16 or 35 days after the time of the injury. At all time intervals after injury there were several times more labeled cells in the nucleus of the injured nerve than were found in the right hypoglossal nucleus of the same animals. However, the right hypoglossal nucleus of the injured animals had significantly more labeled cells than were found in the hypoglossal nuclei of the uninjured control animals. Labeled mitotic figures were present in the nucleus of the injured nerve on the fourth day after injury. Since no tritiated thymidine should have been available at the time of injury or afterward to label cells that proliferated in response to the injury, the difference in the number of labeled cells between the injured animals and the controls is attributed to an infiltration of labeled mononuclear leucocytes.
51 citations
TL;DR: Experimental and clinical experience with dry sponge pleural abrasion for pleural space obliteration has led to the conclusion that this method is effective, less traumatic than pleurectomy, and is more reliable with less chance of adverse host reaction than chemical irritants.
Abstract: Summary Experimental and clinical experience with dry sponge pleural abrasion for pleural space obliteration has led to the conclusion that this method is effective, less traumatic than pleurectomy, and is more reliable with less chance of adverse host reaction than chemical irritants. Bleb ligation, decompression, and excision is believed to be a simplified method for the surgical management of emphysematous blebs. The combination of bleb ligation and excision and dry sponge pleural abrasion is advocated as a method of choice in the surgical management of noninfectious spontaneous recurrent or persistent pneumothorax.
51 citations
TL;DR: The inhibitor to oyster ciliary activity was isolated from serum of cystic fibrosis patients and heterozygotes and eluted with the immunoglobulin G fraction, which in normal individuals did not inhibit Oyster cillary activity.
Abstract: The inhibitor to oyster ciliary activity was isolated from serumof cystic fibrosis patients and heterozygotes.The inhibitinig protein fraction wast a cation as judged by electrophoresis; it had a molecuer weight of 125,000 to 200,000 as judged by gel filtration; antd oil diethylaminoethyl-cellulose chromatography it eluted with the immunoglobulin G fraction. The analogous fraction in normal individuals did not inhibit oyster cillary activity.
51 citations
TL;DR: It is important that symptom rating scales, rather than clinical diagnoses, be used in evaluating the psychiatric relevance of background variables, whereas the use of quantitive rating scale profiles to describe psychopathology avoids most of this problem.
TL;DR: An interesting and important anomaly has been observed in using the electrode for the routine screening of workers engaged in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid.
Abstract: THE introduction of a fluoride sensitive specific electrode1 has greatly simplified the determination of fluoride iou and recently its use has been proposed for the determination of urinary fluoride2–5. This article draws attention to an interesting and important anomaly which has been observed in using the electrode for the routine screening of workers engaged in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid.
TL;DR: Of 220 percutaneous cutting needle biopsies of pulmonary disease, 151 patients were biopsied for purposes of diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal disease, the present experience suggests that needle biopsy is the procedure of choice in patients with more advanced generalized lung disease and in Patients with lobar diffuse disease.
Abstract: Summary Of 220 percutaneous cutting needle biopsies of pulmonary disease, 151 patients were biopsied for purposes of diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal disease. Diffuse disease was divided into generalized and lobar disease because of differences in technical management, complications, and productivity. A postbiopsy chest tube was inserted in all cases of generalized lung disease. Tissue diagnosis was established in 90 per cent of the patients with diffuse disease with a serious complication rate of 1.3 per cent and a mortality of 0.66 per cent. The present experience suggests that needle biopsy is the procedure of choice in patients with more advanced generalized lung disease and in patients with lobar diffuse disease. Open biopsy is recommended as the procedure of choice for good risk patients with generalized bilateral parenchymal disease.
TL;DR: A speculative proposal is made that the adrenal cortical cleavage of the isohexyl moiety of the cholesterol side-chain may proceed via 20α-hydroperoxide formation followed by enzymic rearrangement to 20α, 22 R -dihydroxycholesterol, which then undergoes bond cleavage between C-20 and C-22 to yield pregnenolone.
TL;DR: Results suggest that the chief cells of Syrian hamsters contain catecholamines in the electron opaque granules, which are associated predominantly with the granules after an injection of 3H-dopa.
Abstract: Typical vagal paraganglia of Syrian hamsters are encapsulated in connective tissue and consist of groups of epithelial cells. Ganglion cells, a few fenestrated capillaries, and bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibers are intermingled among the parenchymal cells. The parenchymal cells are of two types: chief or paraganglion and sustentacular or supporting cells. The processes of the supporting cells partly or completely surround the paraganglion cells. In addition to the nucleus, Golgi complex, mitochondria, parallel-arrayed granular endoplasmic reticulum, and lipofuscin pigment, the chief cells are characterized by the presence of numerous membrane-bound, electron opaque granules. After an injection of 3H-dopa, labelings were concentrated over the chief cells and were associated predominantly with the granules. Following glutaraldehyde-dichromate treatment the granules gave a positive reaction for unsubstituted amines. These results suggest that the chief cells contain catecholamines in the electron opaque granules.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma (and other cystomas) are derived from “germinal epithelium” is supported.
Abstract: Twenty-eight cases of papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma are evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Five cell types are commonly identified in these tumors. Cell types A and B are similar to those seen in the upper female genital tract (fallopian tube). Cell type C is similar to the responding cell of the endometrium. Cell type D is composed of two secretory types of cells, one resembling endocervical epithelium. Cell type E is of an unusual cell type not compatible with any cell previously seen in the female genital tract by the authors. These findings support the hypothesis that these tumors (and other cystomas) are derived from “germinal epithelium.” Findings common to other tumor cells are identified including annulate lamellae, unusual appearing mitochondria, numerous free polyribosomes, large irregular nuclei with macronucleoli, and nuclear inclusions.
TL;DR: A synchronous 16-cycle spindle activity, characteristic of fast sleep spindles, coupled with the loss of the evoked response in the brain stem reticular formation may account for the transient loss of consciousness that occurs in the monkeys after the cervical injury, and for the persistent alteration of the conscious level.
TL;DR: The combination of reaction inhibition and of incorporation of tritium into cholesterol 20α-hydroperoxide and 20α, 22R-dihydroxycholesterol suggest that both be important intermediates in the biosynthesis of pregnenolone from cholesterol.
TL;DR: Analogies are drawn between the autoxidation of cholesterol via hydroperoxide intermediates with subsequent spontaneous decomposition and the biological oxidation of cholesterol to give similar types of products.
TL;DR: Brown shrimp caught in trawls in Galveston Bay and kept in poorly aerated tanks frequently have macroscopic focal, irregular, white areas in the muscles of different segments of the abdomen, which histologically are degenerated foci of striated muscle.
Abstract: Brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus) caught in trawls in Galveston Bay and kept in poorly aerated tanks frequently have macroscopic focal, irregular, white areas in the muscles of different segments of the abdomen. When the shrimp are placed in well aerated tanks, some of this discoloration may regress within 24 hours. Similar areas of discoloration are sometimes present in shrimp immediately after being caught in the Bay. These “white areas” histologically are degenerated foci of striated muscle. When the muscular involvment is extensive, the shrimp may die in 18–24 hours. This muscle necrosis may be a metabolic reaction caused by high temperature, anoxia, and stress.
TL;DR: Comparison of product spate and hydroxylation rates for vegetative cell culture incubations and for cell-free enzyme systems suggests that the vegetativecell system may be used for study of the initial kinetics of hydroxymation of steroid substrates without interference of endogenous cellular metabolism.
TL;DR: Although complete conversion of progesterone to 11α-hydroxyprogesterone was accomplished with the cell-free preparations, only 14% conversion of 19-nortestosterone to 11β-hydroxylase was possible and inducible and remains in the supernatant after centrifugation at 24000 × g.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the Sinus nerve must be intact for reserpine to exert an effect and that the sinus nerve may contain efferent fibers which modulate amine secretion.
Abstract: The sinus nerve or sympathetic trunk was stimulated unilaterally in one group of adult cats or Syrian hamsters while in another group the sinus nerve or sympathetic trunk was cut unilaterally and the animals were given reserpine. In a third group, atropine was administered prior to sinus nerve stimulation. All tissues were processed for the detection of primary monoamines. The carotid bodies on the operated sides were compared with those on the unoperated sides of the same animal in order to determine if amine depletion occurred following the experimental procedures. After sinus nerve stimulation alone, the density of the granules in the glomus cells was decreased, but changes were not noted in the granules following sympathetic nerve stimulation. Sinus nerve stimulation after atropine administration resulted in no change in granule density. Sinus nerve transection followed by reserpine treatment resulted in a greater decrease in granule density on the unoperated than on the operated side. Transection of the sympathetic components to the carotid body followed by reserpine injections resulted in a decrease in granule density in the glomus cells on both the operated and unoperated sides. These results suggest that the sinus nerve must be intact for reserpine to exert an effect and that the sinus nerve may contain efferent fibers which modulate amine secretion.
01 Jun 1970-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: Spectral sensitivity curves for four “sustaining” neurons in the optic tracts of Procambarus clarkii were determined under dark- Adapted and chromatic light-adapted conditions, raising the possibility that ’sustained’ neurons may carry information that functions in color vision.
Abstract: Spectral sensitivity curves for four “sustaining” neurons in the optic tracts of Procambarus clarkii were determined under dark-adapted and chromatic light-adapted conditions. The λmax in the dark-adapted state is at 570 to 575 nm, and shifts to longer wavelengths in the violet-light-adapted state (Fig. 4). Red-light-adaptation suppresses the sensitivity of the yellow-green receptors of the eye and alters the discharge pattern of the “sustaining” neurons, thereby exposing an input with a λmax at 445 nm from the blue-sensitive receptors (Fig. 5). Such data raise the possibility that “sustaining” neurons may carry information that functions in color vision.
TL;DR: A young female with papilledema and iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed and resolved rapidly after oral iron therapy was initiated.
Abstract: A young female with papilledema and iron deficiency anemia is described. The papilledema was resolved rapidly after oral iron therapy was initiated.
TL;DR: The sequence of the carboxyl terminal octapeptide of the haptoglobin β chain is determined, which indicates that the haemoglobin binding sites are located on the larger of the dissimilar polypeptide chains.
Abstract: HAPTOGLOBIN (Hp) is an α2-glycoprotein which exhibits the unique property of binding free haemoglobin stoichiometrically. The haemoglobin binding sites were found to be located mainly on the larger of the dissimilar polypeptide chains, the β chain1–3. The amino-acid sequence of the α chains has been reported4. We have determined the sequence of the carboxyl terminal octapeptide of the haptoglobin β chain.
TL;DR: Results are discussed in light of the suggestion that cholesterol 20α-hydroperoxide may be an intermediate in the biosynthesis of pregnenolone from cholesterol.
TL;DR: Differences in regression line coefficients, and the degree of parallel shifting of the isoproterenol concentration-response curves suggest fundamental differences in the beta receptor blocking mechanisms for propranolol and pronethalol versus practolol, MJ 1999 and butoxamine.