Showing papers by "University of Tokyo published in 1983"
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for the calculation of effective pore size distribution from adsorption isotherms in molecular-sieve carbon is described, which is more exact theoretically as well as practically than previously described methods.
Abstract: A method for the calculation of effective pore size distribution from adsorption isotherms in molecular-sieve carbon is described. This method is more exact theoretically as well as practically than previously described methods. An average potential function has been determined inside the slit-like pores. With the help of this function the doubtful use of the Kelvin equation can be avoided at the scale of molecular dimensions. The method gives poor values for the larger pores but can be combined with the well-known Dollimore-Heal method at a pore size of 1.34 nm. Calculation is possible over a wide range of pore sizes. The calculation is shown through two examples from N2 isotherms at 77.4K. The model can be extended to other pore shapes as well as to other adsorbent-adsorbate pairs.
1,784 citations
TL;DR: The EFA content ofrotifers supplied with yeast during the culture period was less favourable for larval fish growth than that of rotifers given marine Chlorella, and the nutritional value of yeast-fed rotifer may be improved by the use of the recently developed ω-yeast or by feeding with a mixture of homogenized lipids and baker's yeast.
793 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a thin layer of basalt was sandwiched between compressed blocks of peridotite minerals and then was equilibrated with its host at melting temperatures.
Abstract: The solidus comprises three curves, corresponding to subsolidus mineral assemblages with cusps at about 11 and 26 kbar. A thin layer of basalt was sandwiched between compressed blocks of powdered peridotite minerals and then was equilibrated with its host at melting temperatures. The basalt melt, was completely homogenized with the partial melt in the peridotite matrix within 24 hours. The role of K 2 O in the melting was investigated. Hypothesis of shallow-depth origin for MORBS is supported.--Modified journal abstract.
763 citations
TL;DR: Not received Cytochrome c Protein denaturation Compact denaturation Nh4R spectroscopy Viscosity Side chain mobility of protein
713 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the critical heat flux (CHF) was introduced for columnar vapor stems distributed in a liquid layer wetting a heated surface, and a new hydrodynamic model was developed for pool boiling and forced convection boiling.
596 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that allegiance fickleness could provide a basis for individual selection of social intelligence in chimpanzees in a habituated group of wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains of Tanzania.
Abstract: Intermale competition was studied in a habituated group of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the Mahale Mountains of Tanzania. The group of 27 individuals included 3 adult males and 12 adult females. The beta-ranked male was observed to attack the alpha male and usurp his status. The beta male was supported by an ally, the gamma male. Earlier in the competition the gamma male had supported the alpha male. When the alpha male was displaced, he completely lost what had been an exclusive copulatory right. It was clear that alliance with the most subordinate male was a critically effective strategy for the major competitors. The alliance strategy of the gamma male invested him with important power. The strategy of changing alliance is referred to as “allegiance fickleness.” It is suggested that allegiance fickleness could provide a basis for individual selection of social intelligence.
341 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that the homologous domain of erbB protein with its N-terminal portion is sufficient for the transformation of fibroblasts and that one-third of the carboxy- terminus of the protein has a key role for the Transformation of erythroid cells.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ionic conduction in perovskite-type halides, CsPbCl3, CpbBr3 and KMnCl3 was studied and it was concluded that these materials are halide-ion condcutors.
325 citations
TL;DR: A data base machineGRACE is proposed which adopts a novel relational algebraic processing algorithm based on hash and sort, which can execute join efficiently inO(N+M/K) time, whereN andM are the cardinalities of two relations andK the number of memory banks.
Abstract: In this paper we discuss the application of the dynamic clustering feature of hash to a relational data base machine. By partitioning the relation using hash, large load reductions in join and set operations are realized. Several machine architectures based on hash are presented. We propose a data base machineGRACE which adopts a novel relational algebraic processing algorithm based on hash and sort. Whereas conventional logic-per-track machines perform poorly in a join dominant environment,GRACE can execute join efficiently inO(N+M/K) time, whereN andM are the cardinalities of two relations andK the number of memory banks.
323 citations
TL;DR: MEMG showed a high correlation to MTP during sustained exhaustive contractions, demonstrating that muscle tissue compliance is decreasing during fatigue, and Muscle ischemia occuring during sustained isometric contractions is partly due to the developed MTP.
Abstract: In five healthy males sustained isometric torques during elbow flexion, knee extension, and plantar flexion correlated positively with intramuscular tissue pressure (MTP) in the range 0–80% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). During passive compression of the muscle at rest 133-Xenon muscle clearance stopped when MTP reached diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) indicating that the muscle vascular bed was occluded. However, during sustained contractions this relation between DAP, flow and MTP was not seen. In two cases 133-Xenon clearance from M. soleus did not stop in spite of an 80% maximal contraction and MTP stayed below DAP. In other cases MTP would reach as high as 240 mm Hg before clearance was zero. In the deeper parts of the muscles MTP during contraction was increased in relation to the more superficial parts. The mean values for the %MVC that would stop MBF varied between 50 and 64% MVC for the investigated muscles. Mean rectified EMG (MEMG) showed a high correlation to MTP during sustained exhaustive contractions: When MEMG was kept constant MTP also remained constant while the exerted force decreased; when force was kept constant both MEMG and MTP increased in parallel. This demonstrated that muscle tissue compliance is decreasing during fatigue. Muscle ischemia occuring during sustained isometric contractions is partly due to the developed MTP, where especially the MTP around the veins in the deeper parts of the muscle can be considered of importance. However, ischemia is also affected by muscle fiber texture and anatomical distorsion of tissues.
309 citations
TL;DR: In this article, general features of grand unified theories with local supersymmetry broken at high energies by the super-Higgs effect are discussed and the mechanisms of breaking SU(2) by the gravitational effects and of suppressing monopole production in the early universe.
Abstract: General features are discussed of grand unified theories with local supersymmetry broken at high energies by the super-Higgs effect. The low-energy effective Lagrangian is a globally supersymmetric one with all the explicit soft breakings. It is argued that the energy splittings among the vacua due to gravitational effects must be small in order to be able to pick out the correct vacuum. Also discussed are the mechanisms of breaking SU(2) by the gravitational effects and of suppressing monopole production in the early universe.
TL;DR: In this article, a triaxial torsion shear test apparatus was manufactured, and controlled combinations of torsional and vertical stresses were applied to hollow cylindrical sand specimens prepared in the test apparatus.
TL;DR: In this paper, heat transfer and gas phase chemical kinetic aspects of the flame spread process are addressed separately for the spread of flames in oxidizing flows that oppose or concur with the direction of propagation.
Abstract: Recent advances in the experimental study of the mechanisms controlling the spread of flames over the surface of combustible solids are summarized in this work. The heat transfer and gas phase chemical kinetic aspects of the flame spread process are addressed separately for the spread of flames in oxidizing flows that oppose or concur with the direction of propagation. The realization that, in most practical situations, the spread of fire in opposed gas flows occurs at near extinction or non-propagating conditions is particularly significant. Under these circumstances, gas phase chemical kinetics plays a critical role and it must be considered if realistic descriptions of the flame spread process are attempted. In the concurrent mode of flame spread, heat transfer from the flame to the unburnt fuel appears to be the primary controlling mechanism. Although gas phase chemcial kinetics is unimportant in the flame spreading process, it is important in the establishment and extension of the diffusion ...
TL;DR: It is reported here that this antiserum specifically labels PHF, free of any associated normal fibrous proteins and, unexpectedly, it reacts with neither neurofilaments nor any other normal cytoskeletal protein in brain sections or on immunoblotted gels.
Abstract: During ageing of the human brain, and particularly in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD), many neurones progressively accumulate abnormal cytoplasmic fibres, called paired helical filaments (PHF). Each such fibre consists of a pair of intermediate (10 nm) filaments twisted into a double helix with a periodicity of 160 nm. PHF accumulate in large perikaryal masses, called neurofibrillary tangles, and are also found in degenerating cortical neurites that form neurite plaques. The density of PHF-containing neurites and cell bodies correlates with the degree of dementia and the extent of loss of cholinergic neurotransmitter function in AD. Recently, we demonstrated that PHF from human cerebral cortex are large, rigid polymers with unusual molecular properties, including insolubility in SDS, urea and other denaturing solvents and apparent resistance to protease digestion. These properties have so far prevented complete purification and analysis of the constituents of PHF. Based on their insolubility, we have developed a new method of preparing highly enriched PHF fractions and have raised an antiserum that is highly specific for PHF. We report here that this antiserum specifically labels PHF, free of any associated normal fibrous proteins and, unexpectedly, it reacts with neither neurofilaments nor any other normal cytoskeletal protein in brain sections or on immunoblotted gels. These anti-PHF antibodies have been used for the specific detection of Alzheimer-type PHF and in the search for cross-reacting antigens in various tissues, and are suitable for immunoaffinity purification of PHF. Our results indicate that PHF contain determinants that are not shared with normal neuronal fibrous proteins.
01 Jul 1983
TL;DR: A unified method of generating a wide range of three dimensional objects from polyhedra to solids with free-form surfaces by using local modifications is proposed and a geometric modeling system MODIF is made.
Abstract: We propose a unified method of generating a wide range of three dimensional objects from polyhedra to solids with free-form surfaces. Modeling systems for polyhedra and systems for free-form surfaces have been developed independently in the past because of the difference in their underlying theory and practices. However, this is not desirable for a designer. So in this paper, we have shown a method in which a wide range of shapes are generated in one system by using local modifications. Local modifications are procedures used to change the shape of solids locally. The construction and the modification of three dimensional shapes by these procedures are natural and easy for a designer in many cases. The implementation of these procedures in a computer is easy and their execution does not require much time.Our method to construct a solid with free-form surfaces consists of following three phases. 1) A solid which serves as a basis of free-form shape design is generated by local modifications. Edges of this solid are straight lines but its faces are not necessarily flat planes. 2) From this model, a curve model which adequately represents the characteristics of a free-form shape is generated. 3) Surface equations interpolating over the curve model are generated.We have made a geometric modeling system MODIF. Using this system, a complicated solid with free-form surfaces can be designed easily. MODIF can generate color shaded pictures and cutter path data for making a real object model by NC machining tool.
TL;DR: Algorithms for two problems on intersection graphs of rectangles in the plane for finding the connected components of an intersection graph of n rectangles and an O(n log n) algorithm for finding a maximum clique of such a graph are described.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a soliton under Gaussian noise satisfies a diffusion equation in transformed coordinates, and the deformation of the soliton during the propagation was explicitly obtained.
Abstract: The Korteweg-de Vries equation with external noise is studied. It is shown that a soliton under Gaussian noise satisfies a diffusion equation in transformed coordinates. The deformation of the soliton during the propagation is explicitly obtained. The phenomenon is designated as the diffusion of soliton.
TL;DR: The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) in the horizontal plane were examined in pigmented rabbits, using sinusoid whole-body rotation and sinusoidal rotation of a striped screen to induce adaptive changes in the VOR and OKR.
Abstract: The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) in the horizontal plane were examined in pigmented rabbits, using sinusoidal whole-body rotation and sinusoidal rotation of a striped screen. Sustained rotation of the animal (5° peak-to-peak, 0.1 Hz) for 4 h, under different optokinetic stimulus conditions, induced the following adaptive changes in the VOR: (1) outphase rotation of the screen (5°) increased the VOR gain by 0.3 (on average); (2) with the screen fixed in space, VOR gain increased by 0.2, (3) in-phase rotation of the screen (5°) decreased the VOR gain by 0.16. However, (4) in-phase rotation of the screen at twice (10°) the amplitude of whole-body rotation did not affect the gain. Instead, it induced a significant phase lead (23°) in the VOR, which did not occur in other stimulus conditions. Adaptive increases of the OKR gain occurred under sustained rotation of the screen alone (2.5°, 0.33 Hz). After bilateral destruction of floccular Purkinje cells with kainic acid the VOR gain and phase were affected only very slightly, but adaptive changes in the VOR were abolished. By contrast, the OKR gain was reduced and the OKR phase delayed. OKR adaptation was also affected in such a way that a gain increase initially produced could not be maintained during sustained screen rotation. Ablation of nodulus-uvala caused a gain increase and phase lead in both VOR and OKR, and its only effect on adaptability of the VOR or the OKR was observed for the VOR under stimulus condition (4).
TL;DR: In this article, a general framework is given for evaluating the contributions of as yet undiscovered heavy quarks to the gluonic decay rate of the Weinberg-Salam type Higgs boson.
Abstract: A general framework is given for evaluating the contributions of as yet undiscovered heavy quarks to the gluonic decay rate of the Weinberg-Salam type Higgs boson. Since the Yukawa coupling of the Higgs boson to a quark pair is proportional to the quark mass, loop graphs involving heavy quarks have a non-vanishing effect on the gluonic decay width of the Higgs boson. This effect of heavy quarks with massesM
j(j=t,...) much greater than the Higgs boson massm
H is calculated in an effective gauge theory. The effects of two different kinds of large logarithms, lnM
2
/μ
m
2
/μ
2 are separated and summed up by the renormalization group method. It is found that the higher order QCD corrections are large and that the gluonic contribution to the hadronic decay width is significant if there are more than three generations. The Higgs decay width can therefore be used to probe the number of generations of heavy quarks.
TL;DR: A new lidar scheme using a pseudorandom code modulated cw laser as a transmitting laser source (RM-CW lidar) is proposed and a demonstration of its use for aerosol measurement is shown.
Abstract: A new lidar scheme using a pseudorandom code modulated cw laser as a transmitting laser source (RM-CW lidar) is proposed and a demonstration of its use for aerosol measurement is shown. A formula for estimating the SNR values in RM-CW lidar was derived, and it was demonstrated that the observed SNR value was in good agreement with the calculation.
TL;DR: The cellular fatty acids and the quinone systems were investigated in 46 strains of Pseudomonas species including 14 phytopathogenic and 29 strains reported in previous papers, showing heterogeneity in fatty acid composition and in the ubiquinone system.
Abstract: The cellular fatty acids and the quinone systems were investigated in 46 strains of Pseudomonas species including 14 phytopathogenic Pseudomonas strains, In a total of 75 strains, including 46 strains in this study and 29 strains reported in previous papers, Pseudomonas species showed heterogeneity in fatty acid composition and in the ubiquinone system. They were divided into nine groups according to these characteristics, with special reference to the existence of 3-hydroxy fatty acids. The significance of 3-hydroxy fatty acid composition in the classification of Pseudomonas species is discussed.
TL;DR: A temperature-sensitive E. coli mutant with a mutation in the spc ribosomal protein operon was found to have a conditional defect in the processing of precursor proteins destined for the periplasmic space or the outer membrane.
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of gauge transformation in soliton theory is introduced, and it is shown that three different eigenvalue problems in 2×2 matrix form are connected by the gauge transformations.
Abstract: The concept of gauge transformation in soliton theory is introduced. It is shown that three different eigenvalue problems in 2×2 matrix form are connected by the gauge transformations. As an application of the theory, the interrelations among the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equation, isotropic Heisenberg equation and a new integrable equation are studied.
TL;DR: The free energy of bcc, fcc, and hcp iron has been calculated as a function of temperature and pressure within the single-site spin-fluctuation theory of band magnetism, which has been developed recently by Hubbard and Hasegawa.
Abstract: The free energy of bcc, fcc, and hcp iron has been calculated as a function of temperature and pressure within the single-site spin-fluctuation theory of band magnetism, which has been developed recently by Hubbard and Hasegawa The simple theory can account for the occurrence of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\delta}$, and $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ phases in the $T\ensuremath{-}P$ phase diagram of iron, the phase transitions being driven by the magnetic contributions to the free energy
TL;DR: Though group S showed significant increases in power at all test speeds, the percent increment decreased with test speed from 24.8% at 1.05 rad·s−1 to 8.6% at 5.24 rad· s−1, and group F enhanced power only at faster test speeds.
Abstract: Twenty-one male volunteers (ages 23–25 years) were tested pre- and post training for maximal knee extension power at five specific speeds (1.05, 2.09, 3.14, 4.19, and 5.24 rad·s−1) with an isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects were assigned randomly to one of three experimental groups; group S, training at 1.05 rad·s−1 (n=8), group I, training at 3.14 rad·s−1 (n=8) or group F, training at 5.24 rad·s−1 (n=5). Subjects trained the knee extensors by performing 10 maximal voluntary efforts in group S, 30 in group I and 50 in group F six times a week for 8 weeks. Though group S showed significant increases in power at all test speeds, the percent increment decreased with test speed from 24.8% at 1.05 rad·s−1 to 8.6% at 5.24 rad·s−1. Group I showed almost similar increment in power (18.5–22.4 at all test speeds except at 2.09 rad·s−1 (15.4%). On the other hand, group F enhanced power only at faster test speeds (23.9% at 4.19 rad·s−1 and 22.8% at 5.24 rad·s−1).
TL;DR: Investigation of nitrification and nitrification in sediments of Tama Estuary and Odawa Bay, Japan found that nitrogenous oxides derived from ammonium accounted for only 6 to 9% of the N(2) evolution by denitrification.
Abstract: Denitrification and nitrification in sediments of Tama Estuary and Odawa Bay, Japan, were investigated by the combined use of a continuous-flow sediment-water system and a 15N tracer technique At Odawa Bay, the nitrification rate was comparable to the nitrate reduction rate, and 70% of the N2 evolved originated from nitrogenous oxides (nitrate and nitrite) which were produced by the action of nitrifying bacteria in the sediments At Tama Estuary, the nitrate reduction rate was 11 to 17 times higher than the nitrification rate, and nitrogenous oxides derived from ammonium accounted for only 6 to 9% of the N2 evolution by denitrification
TL;DR: An electromagnetic theory for the light absorption by a cluster of metal spheres and the Raman scattering by a molecule adsorbed on it is presented, which takes into account the retardation effect exactly and is applicable to an arbitrary cluster size.
Abstract: An electromagnetic theory for the light absorption by a cluster of metal spheres and the Raman scattering by a molecule adsorbed on it is presented, which takes into account the retardation effect exactly and is applicable to an arbitrary cluster size. The theory is applied to a two-sphere cluster of Ag and Au. It is shown that the absorption spectrum is doubly peaked and the maximum enhancement factor of the Raman intensity amounts to 10 7 ∼10 8 when the distance between spheres is decreased. Absorption spectra of three- and four-sphere clusters are also calculated, which indicate that the essential features of the experimental observations are explained by the two-sphere cluster.
TL;DR: It is suggested that there are specific binding sites; one for the 24 kDa polypeptide located on the Photosystem II particles, and the other for the 18 k da polypePTide on the 24KDa polyPEptide.