University of Trento

About: University of Trento is a education organization based out in Trento, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 10527 authors who have published 30978 publications receiving 896614 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitá degli Studi di Trento & Universita degli Studi di Trento.

A high-resolution wetting and drying algorithm for free-surface hydrodynamics

Abstract: A new wetting and drying algorithm for numerical modeling free-surface flows is proposed and analyzed. A well structured, mildly nonlinear system for the discrete water surface elevation is derived from the governing differential equations by requiring a correct mass balance in wet areas as well as in the region of transition from wet to dry and from dry to wet. Existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution, along with a convergence analysis of an iterative scheme for the mildly nonlinear system, is provided. The present algorithm is devised to use high-resolution bathymetric data at subgrid level. The resulting model is quite efficient, does not require a threshold value for minimal water depth, does not produce un-physical negative water depths and generates accurate results with relatively coarse mesh and large time step size. These features are illustrated on a severe test-case with known analytical solution. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Measurement of jet fragmentation in PbPb and pp collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

Abstract: The jet fragmentation function of inclusive jets with transverse momentum p_T above 100GeV/c in PbPb collisions has been measured using reconstructed charged particles with p_T above 1GeV/c in a cone of radius 0.3 around the jet axis. A data sample of PbPb collisions collected in 2011 at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of √sNN = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 150μb^(−1) is used. The results for PbPb collisions as a function of collision centrality and jet transverse momentum are compared to reference distributions based on pp data collected at the same center-of-mass energy in 2013, with an integrated luminosity of 5.3pb^(−1). A centrality-dependent modification of the fragmentation function is found. For the most central collisions, a significant enhancement is observed in the PbPb/pp fragmentation function ratio for charged particles with p_T less than 3GeV/c. This enhancement is observed for all jet p_T bins studied.

Encapsulation of functional cells by sol–gel silica: actual progress and perspectives for cell therapy

Abstract: The conjugation of inorganic materials with biological systems has attracted research interest, as a consequence of the availability of the sol–gel process, operating under experimental conditions compatible with biomolecules and whole cells. In Section 2, the merits and limitations of alkoxide-based sol–gel silica as an immobilization material are presented and discussed with particular attention to the confinement of living cells and cell clusters. Biosil technology is based on the encapsulation of whole cells by a sol–gel silica layer deposited on the cell surface using silica precursors in the gas phase. It is presented in Section 3, which describes some important Biosil features such as mechanical stability, versatility for porosity control with the aim of immunological protection, and maintenance of cell viability with free expression of cell functions. Some recent unpublished results are presented to substantiate the properties of Biosil materials for encapsulation of functional animal cells. Extension of the Biosil process to alginate microencapsulation is then presented in Section 4, with emphasis on biocompatibility within the perspective of cell grafts and therapy. Section 5 covers some clinical transplantations concerning grafts with allogenic pancreatic islets and adenovirus infected cells. The conclusions (Section 6) present some potential guidelines for future trends, specifically for whole cell immobilization by silica and, more in general, for advanced biomaterials.