Showing papers by "University of Tsukuba published in 1976"
TL;DR: On the basis of 18O/16O and 17O/ 16O ratios, meteorites and planets can be grouped into at least six categories, as follows: (1) the terrestrial group, consisting of the earth, moon, differentiated meteorites, and enstatite chondrites; (2) types L and LL ordinary chondrite; (3) type H ordinary chonderes; (4) anhydrous minerals of C2, C3, C4 carbonaceous chondites; (5) hydrous matrix minerals of c2 carbonaceous
397 citations
TL;DR: A simple and sensitive method was developed for the quantification of serum total 3alpha-hydroxy bile acids and a linear relationship was obtained between the amount of bile acid and the fluorescence intensities in the range of 1 to 150 mumol/1.
322 citations
TL;DR: A cutting plane algorithm is proposed to solve a special class of nonconvex quadratic program referred to as a bilinear program in the literature and the preliminary results of numerical experiments are encouraging.
Abstract: This paper addresses itself to a special class of nonconvex quadratic program referred to as a bilinear program in the literature. We will propose here a cutting plane algorithm to solve this class of problems. The algorithm is along the lines of H. Tui and K. Ritter, but it differs in its exploitation of the special structure of the problem. Though the algorithm is not guaranteed at this stage of the research to converge to a global optimum, the preliminary results of numerical experiments are encouraging.
233 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of external magnetic field on photolysis of dibenzoyl peroxide in toluene was measured at 20°C in the presence of a field of 0.3 T.
96 citations
81 citations
TL;DR: By using this method, these acids were detected in samples of human duodenal fluid; the ratios of each were 24.4, 41.5, 24.9, 2.3 and 6.9%, respectively.
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the parafermi and parabose algebras for f degrees of freedom correspond to the Lie algesas of SO (2+1) and of a graded version of Sp (2/R) respectively.
Abstract: The usual theory of the Lie algebras and the Lie groups rs shown to be formally extended to the cases in which the group parameters commute and/or anticommute in the most general manner. It is then proved that the parafermi and parabose algebras for f degrees of freedom correspond to the Lie algebras of SO (2/+ 1) and of a graded version of Sp (2/, R), respectively. Further the trilinear and bilinear commutation relations for a general system comprising parafermi and parabose fields are shown to coincide with the Lie commutation relations of a certain group in the above-mentioned sense. Throughout our argumentation parafermi and parabose fields can formally be treated in an analogous man ner. It is thus concluded that the fermi-bose similarity that is known to hold in the ordi nary field theory persists also in parafielcl theory.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that (−)-S- o -anisyl S-phenyl N-p -tolylsulphonylsulphonium sulphilimine (S-PN) exhibits a negative Cotton effect at around 270-285 nm, which was assigned to (S)-configuration at sulphur by comparing with the analogous sulphoxides.
37 citations
35 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the ESR spin susceptibility of n-type silicon doped with phosphorus and arsenic is investigated at temperatures between 1.2 and 300 K near a metal-nonmetal transition.
Abstract: ESR linewidth, electronic g-value and ESR spin susceptibility of n-type silicon doped with phosphorus and arsenic are investigated at temperatures between 1.2 and 300 K near a metal-nonmetal transition. Temperature, impurity concentration, and donor dependences of the linewidths are discussed with regard to the spin relaxation mechanism in line-narrowing at low temperatures.
ESR-Linienbreite, elektronischer g-Faktor und ESR-Spin-Suszeptibilitat von Phosphorund Arsen-dotiertem n-Silizium werden im Temperaturbereich von 1,2 bis 300 K in der Nahe des Metall-Isolator-Ubergangs untersucht. Die Abhangigkeit der Linienbreite von der Temperatur, der Konzentration der Verunreinigungen und der Art des Donators wird anhand der bei niedrigen Temperaturen vorliegenden Spin-Relaxations-Mechanismen diskutiert.
33 citations
TL;DR: Some preliminary results are given on the RSCT cells were identified antidromically and tested to see if they formed as homogenous a group as hitherto considered and on the location and exact synaptic connections of its cell bodies.
TL;DR: In this article, it was pointed out that the newly discovered particle at 6 GeV may correspond to the $c\overline{cc}c \overline c}$ state which was previously predicted to exist around 6 geV by the present author.
Abstract: It is pointed out that the newly discovered particle at 6 GeV may correspond to the $c\overline{c}c\overline{c}$ state which was previously predicted to exist around 6 GeV by the present author. It will decay dominantly to $\frac{J}{\ensuremath{\psi}}(3.1)+{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}(2.8)$.
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01 Jan 1976TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the nature of the recent change in the pattern of population distribution in Japan and then identified the factors which are responsible for the change, which has coincided with rapidly intensified public concern with the quality of the environment.
Abstract: Concentration of population in a few metropolitan areas is considered as a serious problem in developing as well as developed countries. Japan is no exception. During the 30 years since the World War II the population distribution in Japan has been shifting toward greater concentration in large metropolitan areas. One of the most striking characteristics of the Japanese experience is the rapidity of the change: during the period of fast economic growth nearly half of the prefectures were losing population in absolute terms due to out-migration to large metropolitan areas. There appears to have been a change in this situation recently however. The population registration record has revealed that none of the prefectures lost population in absolute terms during 1974. This is a phenomenal departure from the past trend which lasted for 18 years. This change has been preceded by a gradual decline in the number of prefectures losing population since 1970. Indeed Japans economy or society as a whole appears to have been undergoing substantial changes since around 1970. In terms of population distribution some observers state that there has been a U-turn phenomenon implying that more people started to migrate from large urban centers back to small urban centers and rural areas than vice versa. In terms of the economic growth of the economy as a whole there has been an apparent slowing down of growth rates. This change has coincided with rapidly intensified public concern with the quality of the environment and pollution. In addition there have been a number of other significant social changes such as an increase in concern over distribution of income and international political and monetary disturbances during recent years. The purpose of this paper is first to examine the nature of the recent change in the pattern of population distribution in Japan and then to identify the factors which are responsible for the change. (excerpt)
TL;DR: In this paper, an intramolecular concerted cyclic process is considered to be in operation for the rearrangement on the basis of 18O tracer and kinetic experiments, and the effects of both substituents and solvents on the rate of this novel 1,3-acyloxy migration were also examined.
TL;DR: Results can be explained by supposing that the major regulatory effect of 1 alpha,25-(OH) 2-D3 on 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 synthesis is realized mostly, if not all, by suppressing endogenous secretion of PTH.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis, reactions, and properties of β-aminoenones have been reviewed and a review of the syntheses, reactions and properties are presented, including reactions, properties, and applications.
Abstract: β-Aminoenones have three functional groups, i. e. amino, double bond, and carbonyl, and show the characteristic behaviors of these groups. They also behave as vinylogues of amide as well as enamine or enone. Moreovere, β-aminoenone has four geometrical isomers, trans-s-cis, trans-s-trans, cis-s-cis, and cis-s-trans. From these points of view, β-aminoenones are much interesting in synthetic, physicoorganic, biological, and pharmaceutical works. Recently, a number of papers on β-aminoenones have reported. This review containes the syntheses, reactions, and properties of β-aminoenones.
TL;DR: It was suggested that the average size of territory in the Phragmites marsh decreased to a limit to which territory can be compressed, thus later arrivals were forced to settle in the Rottboelia marsh by the territorial behaviour of males that already settled in thePhragmite marsh.
Abstract: 1. This paper describes territory and its function on the limiting of breeding density of the Great Reed Warbler in the favourable habitat. Field work was carried out at Gamou coast near Sendai in the north-east Honshu, Japan.2. The reed marsh was divided into two kinds in terms of species of reed; Phragmites communis marsh and Rottboelia latifolia marsh. In the Phragmites marsh, breeding success, including pairing success of males, and breeding density were higher than in the Rottboelia marsh. Hence the former was found to be favourable habitat.3. Reed marshes were not occupied by a number of males all at once, but were filled up gradually from late April to early June. There were three phases in the process of settlement of males; early migrants settled exclusively in the Phragmites marsh (first phase) and then new-comers settled in either marsh (second phase). Finally, the Rottboelia marsh was occupied by later arrivals only after the density in the Phragmites marsh had reached to the highest level (third phase).4. In the Phragmites marsh, the average size of territory decreased inversely with the increase of the density until the end of the second phase and did not decreased any more in the third phase.5. Intruders were found until the middle of June. The number of intruders reached a peak in the late half of the second phase and there were still several intruders in the Phragmites marsh during the third phase, although they could not settle there.6. The males defended its territory against intruders by means of chasings. The frequency of chasings was proportional to the number of the intruders. However, the chasing behaviour in the Phragmites marsh was more vigorous in the third phase than in the other phases.7. Therefore, it was suggested that the average size of territory in the Phragmites marsh decreased to a limit to which territory can be compressed, thus later arrivals were forced to settle in the Rottboelia marsh by the territorial behaviour of males that already settled in the Phragmites marsh.8. It is concluded that territorial behaviour limits the breeding density of the Great Reed Warbler in the favourable habitat.
TL;DR: PTX rats respond to the intravenous administration of salmon calcitonin with a transient phosphaturic response which is accompanied by parallel diuresis of sodium and potassium along with sustained retention of calcium and magnesium by the kidney.
Abstract: The effects of intravenous carrier-free salmon calcitonin on renal clearances of phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium were studied in male parathyroidectomized (PTX) and intact rats. Both natural and synthetic hormone, when infused at constant rates (0.005 approximately 0.5 MRC U/hr), produced a rapid increase (peaking at about 60-90 min) in phosphate clearance. However, the maximal increase was transient in nature in PTX rats. In intact rats, the phosphaturic response was somewhat more pronounced and the decline after the peak was rather modest. When a large amount (4 MRC U) of calcitonin was given in divided doses, the second dose produced a lesser extent of phosphaturia in both intact and PTX rats. The phosphaturic response was accompanied by an increase in sodium and potassium clearances in PTX rats and by an increase in potassium clearance in intact rats. A fall in the apparent clearance values for calcium and magnesium occurred and was maintained throughout the infusion period of hormone in both intact and PTX rats. In conclusion, PTX rats respond to the intravenous administration of salmon calcitonin with a transient phosphaturic response which is accompanied by parallel diuresis of sodium and potassium along with sustained retention of calcium and magnesium by the kidney.
TL;DR: Blood viscosity measurements in some cases of hyper- and hypoviscosity syndrome such as cyanotic heart diseases, renal diseases, myocardial infarction and multiple myeloma were made, and their rheological characteristics were compared quantitatively on the basis of the Casson's model.
TL;DR: In this article, the concurrent oxygen exchange and racemization reactions and Pummerer reaction of o -carboxyphenyl sulfoxides with acetic anhydride were carried out.
TL;DR: The experimental results revealed that methylisocitrate lyase is impossible to be the isozyme of isocitrates lyase, and justified the previously proposed ideas that propionyl-CoA is oxidized through the methylcitric acid cycle in C. lipolytica.
Abstract: Examination of DEAE-cellulose chromatography clearly demonstrated the presence of the enzyme cleaving 2-methylisocitrate into pyruvate plus succinate in the methylcitric acid cycle. The enzyme differed from the usual isocitrate lyase of Candida lipolytica, and was herein given the trivial name of methylisocitrate lyase. The chromatography also proved the mutant strain of C. lipolytica, producing 2-methylisocitrate from odd-carbon n-alkanes, to lack this methylisocitrate lyase. The presence of isozyme of isocitrate lyase was not detected in C. lipolytica. The isocitrate lyase of C. lipolytica could cleave 2-methylisocitrate at a rate of 3% of that of isocitrate cleavage. On the contrary, methylisocitrate lyase hardly acted on isocitrate. Two lyases differed in chromatographic elution patterns, pH optima, kinetics of thermal inactivation, and behavior with inhibitors, such as itaconate and oxalate, in addition to substrate specificity. The experimental results revealed that methylisocitrate lyase is impossible to be the isozyme of isocitrate lyase, and justified the previously proposed ideas that propionyl-CoA is oxidized through the methylcitric acid cycle in C. lipolytica and that the absence of this enzyme in the mutant strain caused the extracellular accumulation of 2-methylisocitrate from odd-carbon n-alkanes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the elastic scattering of 1 GeV protons from 4 He is analyzed, by taking into account the effects of nuclear correlation and the Wallace correction to the eikonal expansion.
TL;DR: There was no essential difference between the two groups, assigned to the simultaneous and successive learning, in the rate of developing differential response tendencies to the two discriminative stimuli (Grice, 1949).
Abstract: Our previous study has shown that chlordiazepoxide (CDP) impairs the acquisition of successive black-white discrimination in the rat, while it fails to affect simultaneous black-gray discrimination learning (Iwasaki, Ezawa, & Iwahara, 1976). These differential effects of CDP can not be explained in terms of the difference of difficulties in learning between the successive and simultaneous discrimination task, since trials to the learning criterion have been found almost equal for the two tasks in control (saline) animals. In the simultaneous discrimination paradigm employed in that study, the animal is required to respond to the positive (black or gray) stimulus in each trial where both positive and negative stimuli are simultaneously presented. On the other hand, in the successive discrimination, the rat must respond, for example, to the right goal box if both stimuli are black, and to the left goal box if they are both white; black and white stimuli are not presented simultaneously. Thus, the latter task may be accomplished by some mechanisms subserving to integrate response-produced or proprioceptive cues with visual stimuli. It is reasonable to assume that such mechanisms are not necessary for the performance of the simultaneous discrimination. It is then hypothesized that the mechanisms mentioned above, fail to function effectively under the treatment of CDP (Iwasaki et al., 1976). It has been claimed that the basic processes involved in the simultaneous and successive discrimination learnings are the same, if such a successive discrimination task is employed that animals are only required to emit a response on CS+ (go) trials and to withhold it on CS-(no-go) trials. This position is based on the finding that there was no essential difference between the two groups, assigned to the simultaneous and successive learning, in the rate of developing differential response tendencies to the two discriminative stimuli (Grice, 1949). The present study was designed to investigate the effect of CDP upon a go/ no-go type successive discrimination learning, which was similar to that of Grice's study. Little, if any, effect of CDP might be predicted on this task, because this drug has been found to exert no substantial in1 The author is greatly indebted to Prof . Shinkuro Iwahara of Tokyo University of Education for his valuable suggestion in the course of the work, and Mr. Sachio Fukuda and Mr. Shinya Suzuki for their assistance in carrying out the ex-
01 Sep 1976
TL;DR: In this paper, the trade area of daily shopping goods, which is an element of the internal structure of city level trade area, is analized through the shopping behavior for daily shop-ping goods.
Abstract: In this paper, the trade area of daily shopping goods, which is an element of the internal structure of city level trade area, is analized through the shopping behavior for daily shop-ping goods. The results of this analysis can bee summarized as follows. 1) A store cluster with daily shopping goods and the first level trade area On an average, a store of daily shopping goods needs more than 150 households as the threshold population, and a store cluster with a set of daily shopping goods supplies daily needs with approximately 330 households, which form the first (the lowest) level trade area. The increase of 180 households in the first level trade area ensures the location of another set of daily shopping goods. The spatial range of the first level trade area is within the access of ten minutes on foot or within the radius of 500 meters from the center of the store cluster. 2) Some postulates on the shopping behavior for daily shopping goods The shopping behavior for daily shopping goods which arises within a city level trade area is classified into two types; the first is the behavior to a neighborhood (the nearest) store cluster, and the second is to a cluster off local and higher order store. The reason to cause such behaviors is that the consumer selects a store cluster considering not only the distance to the store cluster but also its retail function. Thus, when the consumer pur-chases daily shopping goods, two types of postulates on the shopping behavior can be recog-nized. One is a postulate that “the consumer selects the nearest store cluster” and the other is that “he selects the nearest and a higher order store cluster”. The former takes account of only one variable, distance, the latter considers two variables, distance and retail function. 3) The internal structure of city level trade area in terms of the shopping behavior for daily shopping goods Generally, the more a neighborhood store cluster has retail functions and the farther it is from a higher order one, the more the consumer has a preference for the distance postu-late and the higher the level of self-sufficiency is in the first level trade area. On the con-trary, the less a neighborhood store cluster has retail functions and the nearer it is to a high-er order store cluster, the more the consumer has a preference for the distance-function post-ulate, the lower the level of self-sufficiency is in the first level trade area and the stronger the tendency is to form a second level trade area around a higher order store cluster In this way, it is recognized that the shopping behavior for daily shopping goods organizes the hierarchical structure with a complementary relationship between the first level trade area and the second level one. This is an element of the internal structure of city level trade area in terms of the shopping behavior for daily shopping goods.
TL;DR: Calluses of different types were obtained from in vitro cultured stem segments of Petunia inflata R. E. Fries and Petunia hybrida L. (var. Cascade and Rose du Ciel) using different agarified media to give somatic embryos and give rise to new plants.