Institution
University of Tsukuba
Education•Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan•
About: University of Tsukuba is a education organization based out in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 36352 authors who have published 79483 publications receiving 1934752 citations. The organization is also known as: Tsukuba daigaku & Tsukuba University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Recent progress in arsenic toxicity in terms of disrupted signal transduction cascades, the transcription factors involved, and arsenic biotransformation, including a novel pathway are summarized.
Abstract: Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid that causes oxidative stress. Exposure of humans, experimental animals, and cultured cells to arsenic results in a variety of diverse health effects, dysfunction of critical enzymes, and cell damage. In this context, one area of arsenic study has been the role of its metabolism. Like organic chemicals, arsenic undergoes reduction, methylation, and glutathione conjugation to yield polar metabolites that are substrates for transporters. These events suggest that transcription factor(s) controlling the upregulation of antioxidant proteins, Phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and Phase III transporters should affect arsenic-mediated oxidative stress and the steady-state level of arsenic in the cells. In this review, we summarize recent progress in arsenic toxicity in terms of disrupted signal transduction cascades, the transcription factors involved, and arsenic biotransformation, including a novel pathway.
248 citations
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248 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated the importance to viral replication of a subunit interface in the viral RNA polymerase, thereby providing a new set of potential drug binding sites entirely independent of surface antigen type.
Abstract: Influenza A virus is a major human and animal pathogen with the potential to cause catastrophic loss of life. The virus reproduces rapidly, mutates frequently and occasionally crosses species barriers. The recent emergence in Asia of avian influenza related to highly pathogenic forms of the human virus has highlighted the urgent need for new effective treatments. Here we demonstrate the importance to viral replication of a subunit interface in the viral RNA polymerase, thereby providing a new set of potential drug binding sites entirely independent of surface antigen type. No current medication targets this heterotrimeric polymerase complex. All three subunits, PB1, PB2 and PA, are required for both transcription and replication. PB1 carries the polymerase active site, PB2 includes the capped-RNA recognition domain, and PA is involved in assembly of the functional complex, but so far very little structural information has been reported for any of them. We describe the crystal structure of a large fragment of one subunit (PA) of influenza A RNA polymerase bound to a fragment of another subunit (PB1). The carboxy-terminal domain of PA forms a novel fold, and forms a deep, highly hydrophobic groove into which the amino-terminal residues of PB1 can fit by forming a 3(10) helix.
248 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors construct new classes of superconformal field theories (SCFTs) by fine-tuning the moduli parameters and bringing the theories to critical points.
247 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the local atomic and electronic structures of a nitrogen-doped graphite surface were reported by scanning tunneling microscopy, scan tunneling spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic, and first-principles calculations.
Abstract: We report on the local atomic and electronic structures of a nitrogen-doped graphite surface by scanning tunneling microscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations. The nitrogen-doped graphite was prepared by nitrogen ion bombardment followed by thermal annealing. Two types of nitrogen species were identified at the atomic level: pyridinic-N (N bonded to two C nearest neighbors) and graphitic-N (N bonded to three C nearest neighbors). Distinct electronic states of localized π states were found to appear in the occupied and unoccupied regions near the Fermi level at the carbon atoms around pyridinic-N and graphitic-N species, respectively. The origin of these states is discussed based on experimental results and theoretical simulations.
247 citations
Authors
Showing all 36572 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Aaron R. Folsom | 181 | 1118 | 134044 |
Kazuo Shinozaki | 178 | 668 | 128279 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Masayuki Yamamoto | 171 | 1576 | 123028 |
Hua Zhang | 163 | 1503 | 116769 |
Lewis L. Lanier | 159 | 554 | 86677 |
David Cella | 156 | 1258 | 106402 |
Takashi Taniguchi | 152 | 2141 | 110658 |
Yoshio Bando | 147 | 1234 | 80883 |
Kazuhiko Hara | 141 | 1956 | 107697 |
Janet Rossant | 138 | 416 | 71913 |
Christoph Paus | 137 | 1585 | 100801 |
Kohei Miyazono | 135 | 515 | 68706 |
Craig Blocker | 134 | 1379 | 94195 |
Fumihiko Ukegawa | 133 | 1492 | 94465 |