Institution
University of Tübingen
Education•Tübingen, Germany•
About: University of Tübingen is a education organization based out in Tübingen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 40555 authors who have published 84108 publications receiving 3015320 citations. The organization is also known as: Eberhard Karls University & Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Immune system, Antigen, T cell
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Investigating a variety of Staphylococcus aureus strains finds that all strains tested contain the ica locus and that several can form biofilms in vitro, suggesting that cell-cell adhesion and the potential to form biofilmms is conserved within this genus.
Abstract: Nosocomial infections that result in the formation of biofilms on the surfaces of biomedical implants are a leading cause of sepsis and are often associated with colonization of the implants by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Biofilm formation is thought to require two sequential steps: adhesion of cells to a solid substrate followed by cell-cell adhesion, creating multiple layers of cells. Intercellular adhesion requires the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), which is composed of linear β-1,6-linked glucosaminylglycans and can be synthesized in vitro from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine by products of the intercellular adhesion (ica) locus. We have investigated a variety of Staphylococcus aureus strains and find that all strains tested contain the ica locus and that several can form biofilms in vitro. Sequence comparison with the S. epidermidis ica genes revealed 59 to 78% amino acid identity. Deletion of the ica locus results in a loss of the ability to form biofilms, produce PIA, or mediate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity in vitro. Cross-species hybridization experiments revealed the presence of icaA in several other Staphylococcus species, suggesting that cell-cell adhesion and the potential to form biofilms is conserved within this genus.
1,113 citations
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TL;DR: The pervasive microplastic contamination as a potential agent of global change in terrestrial systems is introduced, the physical and chemical nature of the respective observed effects are highlighted, and the broad toxicity of nanoplastics derived from plastic breakdown is discussed.
Abstract: Microplastics (plastics < 5 mm, including nanoplastics which are < 0.1 μm) originate from the fragmentation of large plastic litter or from direct environmental emission. Their potential impacts in terrestrial ecosystems remain largely unexplored despite numerous reported effects on marine organisms. Most plastics arriving in the oceans were produced, used, and often disposed on land. Hence, it is within terrestrial systems that microplastics might first interact with biota eliciting ecologically relevant impacts. This article introduces the pervasive microplastic contamination as a potential agent of global change in terrestrial systems, highlights the physical and chemical nature of the respective observed effects, and discusses the broad toxicity of nanoplastics derived from plastic breakdown. Making relevant links to the fate of microplastics in aquatic continental systems, we here present new insights into the mechanisms of impacts on terrestrial geochemistry, the biophysical environment, and ecotoxicology. Broad changes in continental environments are possible even in particle-rich habitats such as soils. Furthermore, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that microplastics interact with terrestrial organisms that mediate essential ecosystem services and functions, such as soil dwelling invertebrates, terrestrial fungi, and plant-pollinators.
Therefore, research is needed to clarify the terrestrial fate and effects of microplastics. We suggest that due to the widespread presence, environmental persistence, and various interactions with continental biota, microplastic pollution might represent an emerging global change threat to terrestrial ecosystems.
1,112 citations
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University of Sydney1, Mater Health Services2, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens3, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust4, University of Tübingen5, University of Kiel6, Aix-Marseille University7, Paris Diderot University8, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital9, Netherlands Cancer Institute10, Karolinska University Hospital11, German Cancer Research Center12, Heidelberg University13, Northwood University14, Institut Gustave Roussy15, University of Paris-Sud16, University of California, Los Angeles17, Novartis18, Merck & Co.19, Harvard University20
TL;DR: The improvement in overall survival establishes the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib as the standard targeted treatment for BRAF Val600 mutation-positive melanoma.
1,099 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that GNOM localizes to endosomes and is required for their structural integrity and suggested that ARF-GEFs regulate specific endosomal trafficking pathways.
1,097 citations
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TL;DR: Genome-wide analysis identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder, allowing for comparisons of shared genes and pathways with other psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression.
Abstract: Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 20,352 cases and 31,358 controls of European descent, with follow-up analysis of 822 variants with P < 1 × 10-4 in an additional 9,412 cases and 137,760 controls. Eight of the 19 variants that were genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10-8) in the discovery GWAS were not genome-wide significant in the combined analysis, consistent with small effect sizes and limited power but also with genetic heterogeneity. In the combined analysis, 30 loci were genome-wide significant, including 20 newly identified loci. The significant loci contain genes encoding ion channels, neurotransmitter transporters and synaptic components. Pathway analysis revealed nine significantly enriched gene sets, including regulation of insulin secretion and endocannabinoid signaling. Bipolar I disorder is strongly genetically correlated with schizophrenia, driven by psychosis, whereas bipolar II disorder is more strongly correlated with major depressive disorder. These findings address key clinical questions and provide potential biological mechanisms for bipolar disorder.
1,090 citations
Authors
Showing all 41039 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Lily Yeh Jan | 162 | 467 | 73655 |
Monique M.B. Breteler | 159 | 546 | 93762 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
Thomas Meitinger | 155 | 716 | 108491 |
Hermann Brenner | 151 | 1765 | 145655 |
Amartya Sen | 149 | 689 | 141907 |
Bernhard Schölkopf | 148 | 1092 | 149492 |
Niels Birbaumer | 142 | 835 | 77853 |
Detlef Weigel | 142 | 516 | 84670 |
Peter Lang | 140 | 1136 | 98592 |
Marco Colonna | 139 | 512 | 71166 |
António Amorim | 136 | 1477 | 96519 |
Alexis Brice | 135 | 870 | 83466 |
Elias Campo | 135 | 761 | 85160 |