Institution
University of Tübingen
Education•Tübingen, Germany•
About: University of Tübingen is a education organization based out in Tübingen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 40555 authors who have published 84108 publications receiving 3015320 citations. The organization is also known as: Eberhard Karls University & Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen.
Topics: Population, Transplantation, Immune system, Antigen, T cell
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University Medical Center Utrecht1, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre2, Maastricht University Medical Centre3, University of Barcelona4, Goethe University Frankfurt5, University of Tübingen6, La Roche College7, Hospital Universitario de Canarias8, Creighton University Medical Center9, Erasmus University Rotterdam10, Harborview Medical Center11, State University of New York System12, Medical University of Vienna13, Hacettepe University14
TL;DR: The overall attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia is 13%, with higher rates for surgical patients and patients with a mid-range severity score at admission, which is mainly caused by prolonged exposure to the risk of dying due to increased length of ICU stay.
Abstract: Summary Background Estimating attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia has been hampered by confounding factors, small sample sizes, and the difficulty of doing relevant subgroup analyses. We estimated the attributable mortality using the individual original patient data of published randomised trials of ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention. Methods We identified relevant studies through systematic review. We analysed individual patient data in a one-stage meta-analytical approach (in which we defined attributable mortality as the ratio between the relative risk reductions [RRR] of mortality and ventilator-associated pneumonia) and in competing risk analyses. Predefined subgroups included surgical, trauma, and medical patients, and patients with different categories of severity of illness scores. Findings Individual patient data were available for 6284 patients from 24 trials. The overall attributable mortality was 13%, with higher mortality rates in surgical patients and patients with mid-range severity scores at admission (ie, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score [APACHE] 20–29 and simplified acute physiology score [SAPS 2] 35–58). Attributable mortality was close to zero in trauma, medical patients, and patients with low or high severity of illness scores. Competing risk analyses could be done for 5162 patients from 19 studies, and the overall daily hazard for intensive care unit (ICU) mortality after ventilator-associated pneumonia was 1·13 (95% CI 0·98–1·31). The overall daily risk of discharge after ventilator-associated pneumonia was 0·74 (0·68–0·80), leading to an overall cumulative risk for dying in the ICU of 2·20 (1·91–2·54). Highest cumulative risks for dying from ventilator-associated pneumonia were noted for surgical patients (2·97, 95% CI 2·24–3·94) and patients with mid-range severity scores at admission (ie, cumulative risks of 2·49 [1·81–3·44] for patients with APACHE scores of 20–29 and 2·72 [1·95–3·78] for those with SAPS 2 scores of 35–58). Interpretation The overall attributable mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia is 13%, with higher rates for surgical patients and patients with a mid-range severity score at admission. Attributable mortality is mainly caused by prolonged exposure to the risk of dying due to increased length of ICU stay. Funding None.
604 citations
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Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich1, Washington University in St. Louis2, Autonomous University of Barcelona3, Stanford University4, University of Tübingen5, Istanbul University6, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases7, University of Antwerp8, University of Bonn9, UCL Institute of Neurology10
TL;DR: It is reported that missense mutations associated with FTD and FTD-like syndrome reduce TREM2 maturation, abolish shedding by ADAM proteases, and impair the phagocytic activity of TREM1-expressing cells.
Abstract: Genetic variants in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) have been linked to Nasu-Hakola disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and FTD-like syndrome without bone involvement. TREM2 is an innate immune receptor preferentially expressed by microglia and is involved in inflammation and phagocytosis. Whether and how TREM2 missense mutations affect TREM2 function is unclear. We report that missense mutations associated with FTD and FTD-like syndrome reduce TREM2 maturation, abolish shedding by ADAM proteases, and impair the phagocytic activity of TREM2-expressing cells. As a consequence of reduced shedding, TREM2 is virtually absent in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of a patient with FTD-like syndrome. A decrease in soluble TREM2 was also observed in the CSF of patients with AD and FTD, further suggesting that reduced TREM2 function may contribute to increased risk for two neurodegenerative disorders.
603 citations
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Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research1, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, Vision Institute4, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne5, University of Tübingen6, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich7, Trinity College, Dublin8, Stanford University9
TL;DR: It is shown that expression of archaebacterial halorhodopsin in light-insensitive cones can substitute for the native phototransduction cascade and restore light sensitivity in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa.
Abstract: Retinitis pigmentosa refers to a diverse group of hereditary diseases that lead to incurable blindness, affecting two million people worldwide. As a common pathology, rod photoreceptors die early, whereas light-insensitive, morphologically altered cone photoreceptors persist longer. It is unknown if these cones are accessible for therapeutic intervention. Here, we show that expression of archaebacterial halorhodopsin in light-insensitive cones can substitute for the native phototransduction cascade and restore light sensitivity in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa. Resensitized photoreceptors activate all retinal cone pathways, drive sophisticated retinal circuit functions (including directional selectivity), activate cortical circuits, and mediate visually guided behaviors. Using human ex vivo retinas, we show that halorhodopsin can reactivate light-insensitive human photoreceptors. Finally, we identified blind patients with persisting, light-insensitive cones for potential halorhodopsin-based therapy.
601 citations
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Heidelberg University1, German Cancer Research Center2, Stanford University3, University of Copenhagen4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, University of Tübingen6, University of Würzburg7, Institute of Cancer Research8, University of Cambridge9, McGill University10, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital11
TL;DR: It is shown that reduced H3K27me3 levels and DNA hypomethylation act in concert to activate gene expression in K27M mutant pHGGs, and it is demonstrated that this is caused by aberrant recruitment of the PRC2 complex to K 27M mutant H3.3.
599 citations
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TL;DR: The major microbially mediated and abiotic reactions in the biogeochemical Fe cycle are discussed and an integrated overview of biotic and chemically mediated redox transformations is provided.
Abstract: Many iron (Fe) redox processes that were previously assumed to be purely abiotic, such as photochemical Fe reactions, are now known to also be microbially mediated. Owing to this overlap, discerning whether biotic or abiotic processes control Fe redox chemistry is a major challenge for geomicrobiologists and biogeochemists alike. Therefore, to understand the network of reactions within the biogeochemical Fe cycle, it is necessary to determine which abiotic or microbially mediated reactions are dominant under various environmental conditions. In this Review, we discuss the major microbially mediated and abiotic reactions in the biogeochemical Fe cycle and provide an integrated overview of biotic and chemically mediated redox transformations.
599 citations
Authors
Showing all 41039 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Lily Yeh Jan | 162 | 467 | 73655 |
Monique M.B. Breteler | 159 | 546 | 93762 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
Thomas Meitinger | 155 | 716 | 108491 |
Hermann Brenner | 151 | 1765 | 145655 |
Amartya Sen | 149 | 689 | 141907 |
Bernhard Schölkopf | 148 | 1092 | 149492 |
Niels Birbaumer | 142 | 835 | 77853 |
Detlef Weigel | 142 | 516 | 84670 |
Peter Lang | 140 | 1136 | 98592 |
Marco Colonna | 139 | 512 | 71166 |
António Amorim | 136 | 1477 | 96519 |
Alexis Brice | 135 | 870 | 83466 |
Elias Campo | 135 | 761 | 85160 |