Showing papers by "University of Turin published in 1979"
TL;DR: In this paper, light scattering and viscosity measurements on unfractionated samples of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) dissolved in methanol and in water seem to show that the chain molecules assume different conformations in the two solvents.
Abstract: The results obtained by light scattering and viscosity measurements on unfractionated samples of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) dissolved in methanol and in water seem to show that the chain molecules assume different conformations in the two solvents. In methanol solutions at 25°C, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (poly[1-(N-isopropylaminocarbonyl)ethylene]) molecules apparently behave as normal flexible chains, whereas in aqueous solutions at the same temperature the interactions between polymer molecules and the solvent seem to produce chain uncoiling toward more extended structures which become unstable at higher temperatures.
293 citations
01 Apr 1979
TL;DR: A recognizer of meaningful sequences of isolated words spoken in the Italian language is presented and the current version has been obtained by adding the syntactic and semantic levels to the isolated-word recognizer previously developed by the same authors.
Abstract: A recognizer of meaningful sequences of isolated words spoken in the Italian language is presented. The system has been designed in a modular fashion and the current version has been obtained by adding the syntactic and semantic levels to the isolated-word recognizer previously developed by the same authors. The lexical, syntactic and semantic levels are integrated into a hierarchical knowledge source represented by a transition network grammar. The parsing is directed by the control unit and is performed by means of a combined strategy of bottom-up and top-down techniques, using a modified version of the Earley algorithm. Lexical hypotheses are verified at the phonemic level assigning them a score based on a distance measure evaluated by an error-correcting parsing algorithm. The protocol used in the preliminary experi - ments is a robot command language.
161 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, general results of the theory of separability for the geodesic equation in (Vn, g) were applied to deduce the canonical form of a separable metric withn- 2 Killing vectors.
Abstract: General results of the theory of separability for the geodesic equation in (V
n, g) are applied to deduce the canonical form of a separable metric withn- 2 Killing vectors. Applications to vacuum space-times with two Killing vectors are investigated.
105 citations
84 citations
TL;DR: A syntactic method for analysing ECG waveforms considered as a multichannel process and a procedure is designed in order to extract the time evolution of the rhythm using the energy of the ECG derivatives.
Abstract: A syntactic method for analysing ECG waveforms considered as a multichannel process is presented. A procedure is designed in order to extract the time evolution of the rhythm using the energy of the ECG derivatives.
65 citations
TL;DR: Data are interpreted as supporting the view of an electric, rather than a chemical, nature of the coupling of active H+ extrusion with K+ influx, and that the effects of lipophilic cations severely inhibited K+ uptake.
Abstract: Dissociation of active H+ extrusion (−ΔH+) from K+ uptake in pea and maize root segments was attempted by substituting K+ in the incubation medium with lipophilic cations assumed to enter the cell by passive, non-specific, permeation through the lipid component of the plasmalemma. Among the compounds tested, tributylbenzylammonium significantly stimulated −ΔH+ in the absence of other monovalent cations in the medium. This effect was much more evident when the experiment was carried out in the presence of fusicoccin, which strongly stimulates proton extrusion and monovalent cation uptake, and hyperpolarizes the trans-membrane electric potential in these materials. Also the lipophilic cations tetraphenylphosphonium, dimethyldibenzylammonium and hexylguanidine markedly stimulated FC-promoted −ΔH+. Octylguanidine at a low concentration induced an early stimulation followed by a strong inhibition of −ΔH+. A complete lack of additivity was observed between the effects of lipophilic cations and that of K+ on H+ extrusion. Lipophilic cations severely inhibited K+ uptake.
These data are interpreted as supporting the view of an electric, rather than a chemical, (namely, involving the same carrier system) nature of the coupling of active H+ extrusion with K+ influx.
49 citations
TL;DR: Atypical features of the case of MCT seem to indicate that this tumor should be included in a group of atypical MCT; these should be kept separate from the typical (differentiated) ones on morphological, functional, and prognostic grounds.
Abstract: A case of a highly invasive thyroid carcinoma, which occurred in a 68-year-old woman, was studied by light and electron microscopy, and histochemical and biochemical analysis. Light microscopical, histochemical, and biochemical features were consistent with a diagnosis of a calcitonin-producing, amyloid-rich medullary carcinoma; electron microscopical patterns, mainly the presence of lumina, microvilli, and extensively dilated cytoplasmic E.R., were reminiscent of the ultrastructural features of the follicular carcinoma. Electron-dense bodies interpreted as "secretory granules" were very scarce. This case appears very similar to the case recently presented by Valenta et al. and interpreted as a microfollicular carcinoma. The atypical features of our case of MCT seem to indicate that this tumor should be included in a group of atypical MCT; these should be kept separate from the typical (differentiated) ones on morphological, functional, and prognostic grounds.
46 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a finite set of normal combinators which are pairwise non α-η-convertible is discriminable, and a discrimination algorithm was given.
45 citations
TL;DR: Fingerprint and amino acid analyses of the gamma Tp9 tryptic peptide from the purified A gamma and G gamma fractions from two different patients demonstrate that the commonly occurring gamma Sardinia variant (gamma 75 isoleucine leads to threonine), also known as T gamma chain, has alanine in position 136.
Abstract: Isoelectric focusing, cellulose acetate electrophoresis, and carboxymethylcellulose chromatography in the presence of Nonidet P-40 allow the separation of pure gamma chains into two fractions. Amino acid analysis of their cyanogen bromide fragment 3 (gamma CB3) identifies these fractions as the separated G gamma (Gly-136) and A gamma (Ala-136) globin chains. Fingerprint and amino acid analyses of the gamma Tp9 tryptic peptide from the purified A gamma and G gamma fractions from two different patients demonstrate that the commonly occurring gamma Sardinia variant (gamma 75 isoleucine leads to threonine), also known as T gamma chain, has alanine in position 136. From this analysis we suggest that the T gamma gene is an allele of the A gamma locus (A gamma Sardinia) rather than a third gamma locus.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a Web of Science Record created on 2006-02-21, modified on 2017-05-12, for the LPI-ARTICLE-1979-003.
43 citations
TL;DR: This study denounces the inability of terrorism to eliminate the block, to the point of involuntarily acting as a restabilizing element.
Abstract: The spread of terrorism in democratic societies forces one to examine once more the rela tionship between society and political violence. From a conceptualization of terrorism based on the cross between two types of characteristics (tactical-strategic; instrumental-finalistic) some observations appear which make common explanations of the causes of terrorism unsatisfactory. For this one might substitute the hypothesis that societies which must cope with terrorism are 'blocked', i. e. incapable of advancing and at the same time immune to disintegration. In this interpretation, the appearance of terrorism becomes an indicator that the society in question is only apparently democratic. But, at the same time, this study denounces the inability of terrorism to eliminate the block, to the point of involuntarily acting as a restabilizing element.
TL;DR: Grain growth after primary recrystallization in unstrained and strained specimens of pure iron was examined during isothermal anneals at three different temperatures (664, 680, 690° C) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Grain growth after primary recrystallization in unstrained and strained specimens of pure iron is examined during isothermal anneals at three different temperatures (664, 680, 690° C). Undeformed specimens undergo continuous grain growth, while the deformed ones show a stage of rapid discontinuous growth. The peculiar characteristics of the abnormal growth kinetics, and in particular the presence of three well-defined stages of growth, are brought out by plotting, versus annealing time, the ratio between the mean grain diameters of deformed and undeformed samples. The parametersn (exponent of the kinetic equation) andQ (apparent activation energy) are determined.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was concluded that macrophages or macrophage-like cells exerted an inhibitory effect on the PHA-induced proliferation in mice bearing a transplantable adenocarcinoma, ADK-1t, which provides further insight into the mechanism of the progressive depression of cell-mediated immunity that has been associated with tumor growth.
Abstract: In the present paper we studied the immunological hyporesponsiveness and the suppressor activity in mice bearing a transplantable adenocarcinoma, ADK-1t, that spontaneously arose in BALB/c mice. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)- and lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0111:BH-induced T- and B-cell proliferation and PHA-stimulated migration inhibitory factor (MIF) production were monitored. Mixing experiments were performed to detect the suppressor activity. The progressive growth of ADK-1t was accompanied by an increasing hyporesponsiveness of spleen cells to PHA-induced proliferation. The hyporesponsiveness was associated with concomitant suppressor activity by the spleen cells. Both hyporesponsiveness and suppression were abrogated by the following treatments of the spleen cells: passage over a nylon column; and pretreatment with carrageenan or carbonyl iron and magnet. The suppressor cells, moreover, were resistant to anti-Thy 1.2 plus complement treatment, and were adherent to plastic and nylon. Washing of the cultures before the addition of the tritiated thymidine or enrichment of the culture medium with glucose, arginine, or lysine did not affect the suppressor activity. We therefore concluded that macrophages or macrophage-like cells exerted an inhibitory effect on the PHA-induced proliferation. B-lymphocyte proliferation and MIF production were also inhibited by macrophages from the spleens of tumor-bearing mice. Macrophages from normal spleens demonstrated a significant but always smaller suppressive effect. The demonstration that macrophages suppress MIF production as well as proliferative responses provides further insight into the mechanism of the progressive depression of cell-mediated immunity that has been associated with tumor growth.
16 Jul 1979
TL;DR: The aim of the present paper is to show that in some cases the semantic and functional equivalences coincide.
Abstract: Both (operational or denotational) semantics and type theories for λ-calculus induce in a natural way equivalence relations between terms. The aim of the present paper is to show that in some cases the semantic and functional equivalences coincide.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the severity of thalassaemia is attributable to the degree of chain synthesis imbalance, which is reflected in very wide Hb A2 and Hb F ranges, as opposed to the noticeable degree of biochemical uniformity indicated by the very similar imbalance of globin chain synthesis.
Abstract: Summary. Twelve carriers of thalassaemia intermedia were studied. Their clinical and haematological picture was distinctly different from that in both heterozygotes and haematological picture was distinctly different from that in both heterozygotes and homozygotes for β thalassaemia. Several genetic patterns were found responsible for thalassaemia intermedia: β/δβ thalassaemia, α2β/β thalassaemia, β/β thalasaemia-heterocellular HPFH. In a few subjects the genetic picture indicated that the patients were homozygous for β thalassaemia, in spite of the mildness of the clinical sitution. The lack of genetic uniformity was reflected in very wide Hb A2 (2.5–8.7%) and Hb F (7.5–96.9%) ranges, as opposed to the noticeable degree of biochemical uniformity indicated by the very similar imbalance of globin chain synthesis: 0.33–0.54 for the non-α/α chain ratio in the peripheral blood. The mean for this parameter (0.43 ± 0.05) was significantly different (P<0.001) from that observed in heterozygous carriers (0.60 ± 0.10) and homozygous carriers (0.11 ± 0.05) for β thalassaemia. The marrow blood displayed a comparable pattern. It is therefore suggested that the severity of thalassaemia is attributable to the degree of chain synthesis imbalance.
TL;DR: The internal bony structure of ten dentate human mandibles was examined on lateral radiograms, and the condylar shape measured with a digital electronic machine, and a relation was found between the mandibular structure and the distribution pattern of these lines.
Abstract: The internal bony structure of ten dentate human mandibles was examined on lateral radiograms, and the condylar shape measured with a digital electronic machine. The external surface was coated with photoelastic material. Each mandible was then placed in centric occlusion with brass replicas of the upper arch and the glenoid fossae and set in a supporting frame. Occlusal loads were simulated and the isoclinics recorded in plane-polarized light. The isostatic flow lines were constructed for each mandible. A relation was found between the mandibular structure and the distribution pattern of these lines.
TL;DR: The kinetics of PMN disappearance from peripheral blood and the pattern of sequestration overlapped that induced by the injection of pre‐formed soluble IC.
Abstract: Summary. The presence of circulating immune-complexes (IC) and their in vivo interaction with polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) have been detected in two cases of idiopathic neutropenia with normocellular bone marrow. The injection of patients' sera into New Zealand White rabbits caused a striking neutropenia due to sequestration of PMN in the vascular bed of kidneys and lungs. The kinetics of PMN disappearance from peripheral blood and the pattern of sequestration overlapped that induced by the injection of pre-formed soluble IC. Treatment with plasmapheresis caused an early and lasting increase of PMN; rabbit PMN were almost unaffected by the injection of patient serum after the course of plasmapheresis.
These data are consistent with the possibility that idiopathic neutropenia with normocellular bone marrow may be caused by persistent in vivo interaction between IC and circulating PMN.
TL;DR: The partial resynthesis observed could suggest that some lymphocytes bearing I + receptors belong to a population of immature B lymphocytes unable to resynthesize their receptors after capping and endocytosis.
TL;DR: The reaction between Ru3(C0)12 and 1,3-cyclohexadiene has been carried on under different conditions: contrary to previous findings Ru3 (CO)12 does not catalyze the cleavage and the hydrogenation of 1, 3-cylohexediene as mentioned in this paper, and the products of the reaction have been characterized by i.m.r. and mass spectrometry.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the delta antigen is unrelated to the Dane particle, the putative HB virus, and the granules observed in the delta positive nuclei are composed of an amorphous matrix, possibly insoluble aggregates of the Delta antigen.
Abstract: Thirteen liver biopsies in which the delta antigen was detected by immunofluorescence were studied by electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy with peroxidase labelled IgG and F(ab1)2 fraction obtained from a human antiserum containing high-titre anti-delta antibodies. The findings were compared with those obtained in 11 HBcAg positive and in two HBsAg negative controls. Neither unique particulate morphology nor any HB virus ultrastructural component were visualised in the delta positive specimens; 20-23 nm naked core particles were observed in 10 of 11 biopsies displaying the HBcAg in immunofluorescence. Delta positive nuclei frequently contained dense round structures of diameter varying between 20 and 30 nm with a soft indistinct edge. These granules did not exhibit characteristic ultrastructural features which enabled them to be distinguished from other granular material observed occasionally in nuclei of normal and diseased livers. However, their association with the delta antigen has been proved by the deposition on identical structures of peroxidase labelled anti-delta antibody. These results suggest that the delta antigen is unrelated to the Dane particle, the putative HB virus. The granules observed in the delta positive nuclei are composed of an amorphous matrix, possibly insoluble aggregates of the delta antigen.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified multiple intraformational discordances at the top of a shelf sequence, directly overlain by slope sediments and interpreted them as scars formed by downslope sliding of whole packets of strata.
Abstract: Multiple intraformational discordances, recognized in the Tortonian (Upper Miocene) type area, occur at the top of a shelf sequence, directly overlain by slope sediments. The discordances display smooth, concave upward lower surfaces and are covered by sediments identical to the surrounding strata. Inferred lateral extent of single discordances is 500–700 m. Thickness of sediments overlying the discordances ranges from 5 to 25 m. The intraformational discordances are interpreted as scars formed by downslope sliding of whole packets of strata. The slumps may have been triggered by tectonic oversteepening of shelf sediments due to tilting of the sea floor. The slump scars appear comparable in position and size to some small scale modern examples recorded on margins near the shelf-break.
TL;DR: In this paper, 2-(Methylpyridyl or quinolyl)benz-X-azoles were synthesized by the general reaction between carboxylic acids and o-bifunctional compounds.
TL;DR: In this article, Cifarelli et al. present a relazione ricorrente per the calcolo della distribuzione finale di una generica media associativa.
Abstract: Nei problemi statistici non parametrici la conoscenza della distribuzione iniziale e finale di una generica media associativa si manifesta particolarmente utile. Se la classe delle possibili funzioni di ripartizione scelte per descrivere un fenomeno e retta da un processo di Dirichlet nel senso precisato in D. M. Cifarelli — E. Regazzini (1979), e possibile pervenire ad una rappresentazione esplicita della distribuzione iniziale e ad una relazione ricorrente per il calcolo della distribuzione finale di una generica media associativa, secondo quanto si dimostra in questo lavoro.
TL;DR: In this paper, the absence of torsion in conventional gravity could in fact be dynamical, and a gravitational Meissner effect might produce instanton-like vortices of nonzero torsions concentrated at four-dimensional points.
Abstract: We suggest that the absence of torsion in conventional gravity could in fact be dynamical. A gravitational Meissner effect might produce instanton-like vortices of nonzero torsion concentrated at four-dimensional points; such torsion vortices would be the gravitational analogs of magnetic flux vortices in a type II superconductor. Ordinary torsion-free spacetime would correspond to the field-free superconducting region of a superconductor; a dense phase of “torsion foam” with vanishing metric but well-defined affine connection might be the analog of a normal conductor.
TL;DR: The paper reviews the work done in speech recognition and understanding, mostly in the years 1976–1977, and focuses on problems of system organization, use and representation of syntax and semantics, control strategies, lexical classification, extraction and emission of hypotheses about acoustic, phonetic and phonemic features.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated alloantigen differences which stimulate lymphokine release and 3H-TdR uptake in primary MLC among allogeneic mice.
Abstract: We have investigated alloantigen differences which stimulate lymphokine release and3H-TdR uptake in primary ‘one-way’ MLC among allogeneic mice. When mice differing at the wholeH-2 region were tested, MIF and immune IF release was observed, along with a marked3H-TdR uptake. Differences atK, D, orI-S-G regions stimulate both lymphokine release and3H-TdR uptake, though stronger immune IF and3H-TdR responses were observed with differences atI-S-G regions. On the other hand, when mice differing in their minor histocompatibility antigens, and notably at theMls locus, were tested, lymphokine release took place even in the absence of proliferation. Lastly, in MLC between mice differing at multiple minor loci, butH-2 andMls matched, MIF release only, and not immune IF and3H-TdR responses were observed in a few combinations. These findings show that T lymphocytes can recognize alloantigens by releasing lymphokines even without going through proliferation. Moreover, different levels of T-lymphocyte activation exist, depending on the kind of stimulating alloantigens present.
TL;DR: In this article, NMR spectra of 17 O in natural abundance have been obtained for a range of metal carbonyls, including Cr, Mo, W, and Fe.
TL;DR: Results obtained for four male speakers show how accounting for coarticulation effects gives substantially better performances than previous approaches.
Abstract: A system for the automatic recognition of bilabial /m/ and alveolar /n/ in vowel-consonant-vowel utterances extracted from continuous speech is presented. It is based on a syntactic pattern recognition approach and the use of fuzzy relations for evaluating phonemic hypotheses. The knowledge source, based on very simple transition networks with associated simple semantic rules, is inferred from experiments. Results obtained for four male speakers are presented together with an acoustic-phonetic motivation of the approach used. These show how accounting for coarticulation effects gives substantially better performances than previous approaches.