Institution
University of Turin
Education•Turin, Piemonte, Italy•
About: University of Turin is a education organization based out in Turin, Piemonte, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 29607 authors who have published 77952 publications receiving 2480900 citations. The organization is also known as: Universita degli Studi di Torino & Università degli Studi di Torino.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Continuous positive airway pressure may decrease the incidence of endotracheal intubation and other severe complications in patients who develop hypoxemia after elective major abdominal surgery.
Abstract: ContextHypoxemia complicates the recovery of 30% to 50% of patients after abdominal
surgery; endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation may be required
in 8% to 10% of cases, increasing morbidity and mortality and prolonging intensive
care unit and hospital stay.ObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure
compared with standard treatment in preventing the need for intubation and
mechanical ventilation in patients who develop acute hypoxemia after elective
major abdominal surgery.Design and SettingRandomized, controlled, unblinded study with concealed allocation conducted
between June 2002 and November 2003 at 15 intensive care units of the Piedmont
Intensive Care Units Network in Italy.PatientsConsecutive patients who developed severe hypoxemia after major elective
abdominal surgery. The trial was stopped for efficacy after 209 patients had
been enrolled.InterventionsPatients were randomly assigned to receive oxygen (n = 104)
or oxygen plus continuous positive airway pressure (n = 105).Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary end point was incidence of endotracheal intubation; secondary
end points were intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay, incidence
of pneumonia, infection and sepsis, and hospital mortality.ResultsPatients who received oxygen plus continuous positive airway pressure
had a lower intubation rate (1% vs 10%; P = .005;
relative risk [RR], 0.099; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.76) and had
a lower occurrence rate of pneumonia (2% vs 10%, RR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.04-0.88; P = .02), infection (3% vs 10%, RR, 0.27; 95%
CI, 0.07-0.94; P = .03), and sepsis (2%
vs 9%; RR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.04-0.99; P = .03)
than did patients treated with oxygen alone. Patients who received oxygen
plus continuous positive airway pressure also spent fewer mean (SD) days in
the intensive care unit (1.4 [1.6] vs 2.6 [4.2], P = .09)
than patients treated with oxygen alone. The treatments did not affect the
mean (SD) days that patients spent in the hospital (15 [13] vs 17 [15], respectively; P = .10). None of those treated with oxygen plus
continuous positive airway pressure died in the hospital while 3 deaths occurred
among those treated with oxygen alone (P = .12).ConclusionContinuous positive airway pressure may decrease the incidence of endotracheal
intubation and other severe complications in patients who develop hypoxemia
after elective major abdominal surgery.
597 citations
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595 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the application of IR, Raman, UV-visible, EPR, XANES, EXAFS, and TPR techniques to the determination of the Fe 3+ local environment in Fe-silicalite is described and discussed.
593 citations
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25 Jul 2010TL;DR: A novel topic detection technique that permits to retrieve in real-time the most emergent topics expressed by the community, under user-specified time constraints is proposed.
Abstract: Twitter is a user-generated content system that allows its users to share short text messages, called tweets, for a variety of purposes, including daily conversations, URLs sharing and information news. Considering its world-wide distributed network of users of any age and social condition, it represents a low level news flashes portal that, in its impressive short response time, has the principal advantage.In this paper we recognize this primary role of Twitter and we propose a novel topic detection technique that permits to retrieve in real-time the most emergent topics expressed by the community. First, we extract the contents (set of terms) of the tweets and model the term life cycle according to a novel aging theory intended to mine the emerging ones. A term can be defined as emerging if it frequently occurs in the specified time interval and it was relatively rare in the past. Moreover, considering that the importance of a content also depends on its source, we analyze the social relationships in the network with the well-known Page Rank algorithm in order to determine the authority of the users. Finally, we leverage a navigable topic graph which connects the emerging terms with other semantically related keywords, allowing the detection of the emerging topics, under user-specified time constraints. We provide different case studies which show the validity of the proposed approach.
592 citations
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TL;DR: Several psychological factors are associated with pain secondary to neurological conditions and should be acknowledged and addressed in order to effectively treat this condition.
Abstract: Background In order to provide effective care to patients suffering from chronic pain secondary to neurological diseases, health professionals must appraise the role of the psychosocial factors in the genesis and maintenance of this condition whilst considering how emotions and cognitions influence the course of treatment. Furthermore, it is important not only to recognize the psychological reactions to pain that are common to the various conditions, but also to evaluate how these syndromes differ with regards to the psychological factors that may be involved. As an extensive evaluation of these factors is still lacking, the Italian Consensus Conference on Pain in Neurorehabilitation aimed to collate the evidence available across these topics. Objectives To determine the psychological factors which are associated with or predictive of pain secondary to neurological conditions and to assess the influence of these aspects on the outcome of neurorehabilitation. Methods Two reviews were performed. In the first, a PUBMED search of the studies assessing the association between psychological factors and pain or the predictive value of these aspects with respect to chronic pain was conducted. The included papers were then rated with regards to their methodological quality and recommendations were made accordingly. In the second study, the same methodology was used to collect the available evidence on the predictive role of psychological factors on the therapeutic response to pain treatments in the setting of neurorehabilitation. Results The first literature search identified 1170 results and the final database included 189 articles. Factors such as depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing, coping strategies and cognitive functions were found to be associated with pain across the various conditions. However, there are differences between chronic musculoskeletal pain, migraine, neuropathy and conditions associated with complex disability with regards to the psychological aspects that are involved. The second PUBMED search yielded 252 studies, which were all evaluated. Anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, coping strategies and pain beliefs were found to be associated to different degrees with the outcomes of multidisciplinary programs, surgery, physical therapies and psychological interventions. Conclusions Several psychological factors are associated with pain secondary to neurological conditions and should be acknowledged and addressed.
591 citations
Authors
Showing all 30045 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Grätzel | 248 | 1423 | 303599 |
Lewis C. Cantley | 196 | 748 | 169037 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |
Elio Riboli | 158 | 1136 | 110499 |
Giacomo Bruno | 158 | 1687 | 124368 |
Silvia Franceschi | 155 | 1340 | 112504 |
Thomas E. Starzl | 150 | 1625 | 91704 |
Paolo Boffetta | 148 | 1455 | 93876 |
Marco Costa | 146 | 1458 | 105096 |
Pier Paolo Pandolfi | 146 | 529 | 88334 |
Andrew Ivanov | 142 | 1812 | 97390 |
Chiara Mariotti | 141 | 1426 | 98157 |
Tomas Ganz | 141 | 480 | 73316 |
Jean-Pierre Changeux | 138 | 672 | 76462 |
Dong-Chul Son | 138 | 1370 | 98686 |