Showing papers by "University of Turku published in 2022"
Swansea University1, Symbiosis International University2, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi3, King Abdulaziz University4, International Management Institute, New Delhi5, University of Wollongong6, University of Bergamo7, United Nations Environment Programme8, University of Sydney9, University of Liechtenstein10, Copenhagen Business School11, City University of Hong Kong12, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore13, Liverpool John Moores University14, University of Cambridge15, California State University, Monterey Bay16, Old Dominion University17, Cork College of Commerce18, University of Turku19, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad20, Arizona State University21, BI Norwegian Business School22, Royal Holloway, University of London23, Laval University24, Qatar University25, Skema Business School26, University of Virginia27, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University28, Sewanee: The University of the South29, IBM30, National University of Singapore31, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur32, National Institute of Industrial Engineering33, Business School Lausanne34
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive opinion-based insight to a multitude of diverse viewpoints that look at the many challenges through a technology lens is provided, with the focus on the role of digital and IS technology in climate change solutions.
120 citations
TL;DR: This research addresses the creation and detection of fake reviews, and shows that a machine classifier can accomplish this goal near-perfectly, whereas human raters exhibit significantly lower accuracy and agreement than the tested algorithms.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the association of FoMO and phubbing with both psychological (i.e., work exhaustion and creativity) and relational (e.g., workplace incivility) employee outcomes.
41 citations
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research1, Danish Meteorological Institute2, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon3, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute4, Stockholm University5, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen6, Linköping University7, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg8, Bolin Centre for Climate Research9, Finnish Meteorological Institute10, Uppsala University11, University of Turku12, Technical University of Denmark13, Institute of Oceanology14
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an update of the Second Assessment of Climate Change (BACC II) published in 2015 and focus on the atmosphere, land, cryosphere, ocean, sediments, and the terrestrial and marine biosphere.
Abstract: Abstract. Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of global warming on past and future changes in climate of the Baltic Sea region is summarised and assessed. The study is an update of the Second Assessment of Climate Change (BACC II) published in 2015 and focuses on the atmosphere, land, cryosphere, ocean, sediments, and the terrestrial and marine biosphere. Based on the summaries of the recent knowledge gained in palaeo-, historical, and future regional climate research, we find that the main conclusions from earlier assessments still remain valid. However, new long-term, homogenous observational records, for example, for Scandinavian glacier inventories, sea-level-driven saltwater inflows, so-called Major Baltic Inflows, and phytoplankton species distribution, and new scenario simulations with improved models, for example, for glaciers, lake ice, and marine food web, have become available. In many cases, uncertainties can now be better estimated than before because more models were included in the ensembles, especially for the Baltic Sea. With the help of coupled models, feedbacks between several components of the Earth system have been studied, and multiple driver studies were performed, e.g. projections of the food web that include fisheries, eutrophication, and climate change. New datasets and projections have led to a revised understanding of changes in some variables such as salinity. Furthermore, it has become evident that natural variability, in particular for the ocean on multidecadal timescales, is greater than previously estimated, challenging our ability to detect observed and projected changes in climate. In this context, the first palaeoclimate simulations regionalised for the Baltic Sea region are instructive. Hence, estimated uncertainties for the projections of many variables increased. In addition to the well-known influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation, it was found that also other low-frequency modes of internal variability, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, have profound effects on the climate of the Baltic Sea region. Challenges were also identified, such as the systematic discrepancy between future cloudiness trends in global and regional models and the difficulty of confidently attributing large observed changes in marine ecosystems to climate change. Finally, we compare our results with other coastal sea assessments, such as the North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment (NOSCCA), and find that the effects of climate change on the Baltic Sea differ from those on the North Sea, since Baltic Sea oceanography and ecosystems are very different from other coastal seas such as the North Sea. While the North Sea dynamics are dominated by tides, the Baltic Sea is characterised by brackish water, a perennial vertical stratification in the southern subbasins, and a seasonal sea ice cover in the northern subbasins.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored how using social networking sites (SNSs) to cope with stressors induced by a global pandemic (in this case, COVID-19) can have negative consequences.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present a review of AI-based technologies applied in nursing practice, focusing on developing or validating artificial intelligence-based health technologies with a clear description of their impacts on nursing.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined associations between gut microbiome composition and incident type 2 diabetes using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, and observed robust species-level taxonomic features predictive of incident Type 2 diabetes over long-term follow-up.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To examine the previously unknown long-term association between gut microbiome composition and incident type 2 diabetes in a representative population cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We collected fecal samples from 5,572 Finns (mean age 48.7 years; 54.1% women) in 2002 who were followed up for incident type 2 diabetes until 31 December 2017. The samples were sequenced using shotgun metagenomics. We examined associations between gut microbiome composition and incident diabetes using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. We first used the eastern Finland subpopulation to obtain initial findings and validated these in the western Finland subpopulation. RESULTS Altogether, 432 cases of incident diabetes occurred over the median follow-up of 15.8 years. We detected four species and two clusters consistently associated with incident diabetes in the validation models. These four species were Clostridium citroniae (hazard ratio [HR] 1.21; 95% CI 1.04–1.42), C. bolteae (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04–1.39), Tyzzerella nexilis (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01–1.36), and Ruminococcus gnavus (HR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01–1.36). The positively associated clusters, cluster 1 (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02–1.38) and cluster 5 (HR 1.18; 95% CI 1.02–1.36), mostly consisted of these same species. CONCLUSIONS We observed robust species-level taxonomic features predictive of incident type 2 diabetes over long-term follow-up. These findings build on and extend previous mainly cross-sectional evidence and further support links between dietary habits, metabolic diseases, and type 2 diabetes that are modulated by the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome can potentially be used to improve disease prediction and uncover novel therapeutic targets for diabetes.
20 citations
TL;DR: In vitro permeability studies showed that Fc-functionalized NPs induced an increase in the amount of insulin that permeated across a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture model, showing apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) of 2.37 × 10−6 cm/s, over the 1.66 × 10–10−6cm/s observed for their non- functionalized counterparts.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore how perceived journey integration affects customer experience in omnichannel retailing and find that low consistency or connectivity can trigger positive experiences, contradicting existing literature.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors provide a meta-theoretical analysis of the B2B research domain by analyzing its major research communities and their paradigmatic ways of producing knowledge, highlighting the fragmented knowledge base, identifying neglected issues and unanswered questions, and suggest how to advance theory construction in the field.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors develop and test the theoretical notion that in addition to transaction costs, differences in entrepreneurial orientation (EO) influence export channel choice and as a consequence export performance, and find that firms selecting export channels that align not only with transaction cost factors but also firm level EO, moderated by institutional distance have higher export market performance.
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of rice and whey proteins lead to stable emulsions with bimodal size distribution and large dispersion (0.05-100μm).
TL;DR: In this article, the phenolic compounds in juices and ciders made with Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Schizosaccharomysts pombe from eleven Finnish apple cultivars were analyzed using liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods combined with multivariate data analysis.
TL;DR: It is conjecture that high disease threat reverses the relationship between the behavioral immune system response and vaccination, and individual differences in contamination aversion and perceived infectability are of little practical relevance for vaccine uptake.
TL;DR: In this paper , the use of rice and whey proteins lead to stable emulsions with bimodal size distribution and large dispersion (0.05-100 μm).
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of lactic acid bacteria strains from Lactiplantibacillus, Lactobacillus and Weissella on the chemical composition and sensory characteristics of goji berry juice were evaluated.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present the design and development steps as well as the evaluation of a VRER dedicated to biology education and compare it with an educational instructional video utilising the storytelling technique.
Abstract: Individuals’ conceptual knowledge of contemporary biological issues influences ethical attitudes and life decisions around health, as evidenced by the recent worldwide debate on vaccinations. The reasons for which the public opinion is so critically divided can be partially explained from the didactic approaches used in biology education. In view of the rapid evolution of Virtual Reality (VR) as well as the increasing interest that youths have shown toward Escape Rooms (ER), an unexplored research and development avenue is identified. In this experimental study, we present the design and development steps as well as the evaluation of a VRER dedicated to biology education. For comparison purposes, an educational instructional video utilising the storytelling technique was also prepared. Both approaches were examined in the upper secondary education context with participants (N = 50) emerging from the Applied Sciences academic path. The key-findings suggest that the active learning approach leads to increased knowledge acquisition, in the short term, as opposed to the passive learning approach but no significant differences were identified in the long term (knowledge retention) across the methods. Based on the instructional decisions made and the key-findings emerged we provide implications and guidelines for the design, development, and integration of VRER in education.
TL;DR: In this article , a novel Discrete Wavelet Concatenated Mesh Tree (DW-CMT) and ternary chess pattern (TCP) based ECG signal recognition method is presented.
TL;DR: This paper used survey data from Finland and Sweden and found that people comply with handwashing and social distancing behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, but not with social distance.
Abstract: On March 11, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. As the virus spread, governments called on citizens to comply with handwashing and social distancing behaviors. We use survey data from Finland and th...
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel Discrete Wavelet Concatenated Mesh Tree (DW-CMT) and ternary chess pattern (TCP) based ECG signal recognition method is presented.
TL;DR: A proposed customized genetic algorithm to find the Pareto frontier for a bi-objective integer linear programming (ILP) model of routing in a dynamic network, where the number of nodes and edge weights vary over time is presented.
TL;DR: In this article , the polyphenol-lipid interactions are studied with several chemical tools including, among others, partition coefficient measurements, calorimetric methods, spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics simulation.
Abstract: Plant polyphenols have many potential applications, for example, in the fields of chemical ecology and human and animal health and nutrition. These biological benefits are related to their bioavailability, bioaccessibility and interactions with other biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, fibers and amino acids. Polyphenol–protein interactions are well-studied, but less is known about their interactions with lipids and cell membranes. However, the affinity of polyphenols for lipid bilayers partially determines their biological activity and is also important from the usability perspective. The polyphenol–lipid interactions can be studied with several chemical tools including, among others, partition coefficient measurements, calorimetric methods, spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics simulation. Polyphenols can variably interact with and penetrate lipid bilayers depending on the structures and concentrations of the polyphenols, the compositions of the lipids and the ambient conditions and factors. Polyphenol penetrating the lipid bilayer can perturb and cause changes in its structure and biophysical properties. The current studies have used structurally different polyphenols, diverse model lipids and various measuring techniques. This approach provides detailed information on polyphenol–lipid interactions, but there is much variability, and the results may even be contradictory, for example, in relation to the locations and orientations of the polyphenols in the lipid bilayers. Nevertheless, by using well-characterized model polyphenols and lipids systematically and combining the results obtained with several techniques within a study, it is possible to create a good overall picture of these fascinating interactions.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors explored the longitudinal relationship of political trust and subjective political competence during the COVID-19 outbreak and found that Finns' political trust increased significantly during the first wave of COVID19.
Abstract: Abstract In this study, we explored the longitudinal relationship of political trust and subjective political competence during the COVID-19 outbreak. We also examined how levels of political trust and political competence were associated with compliance with COVID-19 recommendations. We used three-wave panel data including 2,205 observations (N = 735) to study changes within and between individuals from 2017 to 2020. The last round of the survey was conducted at the peak of the first wave of COVID-19. The measures included political trust, subjective political competence, political interest, multiple background variables, and measures for compliance with the social distancing recommendations. We found that Finns’ political trust increased significantly during the first wave of COVID-19. The between-individuals analysis suggested that political competence was negatively associated with trust. The results also indicated that citizens’ compliance with COVID-19 recommendations was directly linked to political trust but depended also on the interaction between competence and trust.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of malolactic fermentation on the metabolomic profile of sea buckthorn juice to optimize the fermentation process for flavor modification and found that higher starter pH and longer fermentation time promote formation of antimicrobial compounds and potentially increase antioxidant stability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the home literacy environment (HLE) model by including repeated assessments of shared reading, oral language, and reading comprehension development, including examination of familial risk for dyslexia as a moderator, and following development over time from ages 2 to 15.
TL;DR: In this article, Ru/H-Y-80 catalysts were prepared by different impregnation methods to obtain different particle sizes of Ru and the highest yield of isopulegols was 15% and yield of menthols was 3% with stereoselectivity to the desired (±)-menthol isomer.
TL;DR: In this paper, four clay materials, namely, bentonite, bleaching earth, attapulgite and sepiolite, were shaped into the cylindrical body by extrusion.
Abstract: Four clay materials, namely, bentonite, bleaching earth, attapulgite and sepiolite, were shaped into the cylindrical body by extrusion. Clays were characterized in depth by TEM, SEM-EDX, N2 physisorption, pyridine FTIR, pH measurements, contact angle measurements, 27Al MAS NMR, and the crush test. Catalytic properties were investigated in the citronellal cyclization as a model reaction. The reaction was performed in the trickle-bed reactor at 70 °C, 10 bar of Ar with 0.086 M initial citronellal concentration in cyclohexane. The best results were obtained over attapulgite with isopulegols yield of 24% and stereoselectivity to the desired isopulegol isomer of 61%. Attapulgite had the highest micro-to-mesopore volume ratio, the highest basicity, a low Bronsted-to-Lewis acid sites ratio, and the lowest amount of Bronsted acid sites compared to other extrudates. In addition, same clay exhibited the highest mechanical strength of extrudates.
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: In 2019, the overall incidence was 105 per 100,000 person-years (105), the sex-adjusted incidence for females was 147.1 per 105, and the age adjusted incidence for patients aged ≥ 80 years was 407.5 per 105 as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Proximal humeral fractures (PHFs) are common. There is increasing evidence that most of these fractures should be treated conservatively. However, recent studies have shown an increase in use of operative treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the trends in the incidence and methods of treatment of PHFs in Finland.The study included all Finnish inhabitants aged ≥ 16 years between 1997 and 2019. All records, including diagnostic codes for PHFs and all surgical procedure codes for these fractures, were identified from two national registers. Data exclusion criteria were implemented in order to identify only acute PHFs, and the operations performed to treat them.During the 23-year study period, 79,676 PHFs were identified, and 14,941 operations were performed to treat them. The incidence of PHFs steadily increased. In 2019, the overall incidence was 105 per 100,000 person-years (105). The sex-adjusted incidence for females was 147.1 per 105, and the age-adjusted incidence for patients aged ≥ 80 years was 407.1 per 105. The incidence of operative treatment for PHFs rose during the first half of the study period and decreased during the second half. The use of plate osteosynthesis in particular decreased. In 2019, the incidence of operative treatment for PHFs was 13.2 per 105, with 604 operations.Although the incidence of PHFs is steadily increasing, particularly in elderly females, the incidence of operative treatment is now decreasing, which is in line with current literature regarding their treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(1):150-156.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and trajectories of body mass index (BMI) from birth to age 7 and found that children growing up in disadvantaged neighborhoods exhibited a trajectory of increasing BMI z scores starting at 4 years of age, ending up with a higher risk of overweight at the end of the follow-up (30%) as compared with children living in more affluent neighborhoods.
Abstract: Background The epidemic of increasing childhood overweight and obesity is a major global health concern, with local contextual factors identified as possible contributors. Robust research is needed to establish an evidence base supporting health policy decisions to reverse the trend. We aimed to examine the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and trajectories of body mass index (BMI) from birth to age 7. Methods The present study included 11,023 children born within the Southwest Finland Birth Cohort who were free of severe conditions affecting growth with adequate exposure and growth data. We obtained child growth data until school age from municipal follow-up clinics. We based cumulative childhood neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on the average annual income, unemployment, and level of education in a residential area defined using a geographic grid at a spatial resolution of 250 m by 250 m. Results Cumulative neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with distinct childhood BMI z score trajectories from birth to age 7. Despite being born in the lowest BMI z scores, children growing up in disadvantaged neighborhoods subsequently exhibited a trajectory of increasing BMI z scores starting at 4 years of age, ending up with a higher risk of overweight at the end of the follow-up (30%) as compared with children living in more affluent neighborhoods (22%). The corresponding risk of obesity was 5 % for those in affluent neighborhoods and 9 % and those in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Conclusion Cumulative exposure to neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is independently associated with unfavorable BMI development and obesity in childhood.
TL;DR: Data indicate that BRAFV600E-induced tumorigenesis is spatiotemporally regulated depending on the maturity and heterogeneity of follicles, and the sporadic thyroid cancer model provides a new tool to evaluate drug therapy at different stages of tumor evolution.
Abstract: Cancer cells hijack developmental growth mechanisms but whether tissue morphogenesis and architecture modify tumorigenesis is unknown. Here, we characterized a new mouse model of sporadic thyroid carcinogenesis based on inducible expression of BRAF carrying a Val600 Glu (V600E) point mutation (BRAFV600E) from the thyroglobulin promoter (TgCreERT2). Spontaneous activation of this Braf-mutant allele due to leaky activity of the Cre recombinase revealed that intrinsic properties of thyroid follicles determined BRAF-mutant cell fate. Papillary thyroid carcinomas developed multicentrically within a normal microenvironment. Each tumor originated from a single follicle that provided a confined space for growth of a distinct tumor phenotype. Lineage tracing revealed oligoclonal tumor development in infancy and early selection of BRAFV600E kinase inhibitor-resistant clones. Somatic mutations were few, non-recurrent and limited to advanced tumors. Female mice developed larger tumors than males, reproducing the gender difference of human thyroid cancer. These data indicate that BRAFV600E-induced tumorigenesis is spatiotemporally regulated depending on the maturity and heterogeneity of follicles. Moreover, thyroid tissue organization seems to determine whether a BRAF-mutant lineage becomes a cancerized lineage. The TgCreERT2;BrafCA/+ sporadic thyroid cancer mouse model provides a new tool to evaluate drug therapy at different stages of tumor evolution.