University of Udine

About: University of Udine is a education organization based out in Udine, Italy. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Large Hadron Collider. The organization has 6745 authors who have published 20530 publications receiving 669088 citations. The organization is also known as: Università degli Studi di Udine & Universita degli Studi di Udine.

Therapeutic drug monitoring may improve safety outcomes of long-term treatment with linezolid in adult patients

Abstract: Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients who had trough (Cmin) and peak (Cmax) plasma levels measured during prolonged linezolid treatment. Dosage adjustments were performed when Cmin ≥10 mg/L and/or AUC24 ≥400 mg/L.h. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the absence or presence of co-treatment with rifampicin (the linezolid group and the linezolid +rifampicin group, respectively). Data on demographic characteristics, disease, microbiology and haematochemical parameters were collected and outcomes in relation to drug exposure were compared between groups. Results: A total of 45 patients were included. Dosage adjustments were needed in 40% versus 0% of patients in the linezolid group (n¼35) versus the linezolid+rifampicin group (n¼10), respectively. Patients in the linezolid group had either significantly higher Cmin [3.71 mg/L (1.43‐6.38) versus 1.37 mg/L (0.67‐2.55), P,0.001] or AUC24 [212.77 mg/L.h (166.67‐278.42) versus 123.33 mg/L.h (97.36‐187.94), P,0.001]. Thrombocytopenia appeared in 51.4% versus 0% of cases in the linezolid group versus the linezolid+rifampicin group, respectively. In 33.3% of those patients who were experiencing thrombocytopenia, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)guided dosage reductions allowed recovery from toxicity and prosecution of therapy with good outcome. A logistic regression model for thrombocytopenia estimated a probability of 50% in the presence of Cmin of 6.53 mg/L and/or of AUC24 of 280.74 mg/L.h. Conclusions: MaintenanceovertimeofCminbetween2and7 mg/Land/orofAUC24between160and300 mg/L.h may be helpful in improving safety outcomes while retaining appropriate efficacy in adult patients receiving prolonged linezolid treatment.

Opposite Face Sensitivity of CeO2 in Hydrogenation and Oxidation Catalysis

Abstract: The determination of structure–performance relationships of ceria in heterogeneous reactions is enabled by the control of the crystal shape and morphology. Whereas the (100) surface, predominantly exposed in nanocubes, is optimal for CO oxidation, the (111) surface, prevalent in conventional polyhedral CeO2 particles, dominates in C2H2 hydrogenation. This result is attributed to the different oxygen vacancy chemistry on these facets. In contrast to oxidations, hydrogenations on CeO2 are favored over low-vacancy surfaces owing to the key role of oxygen on the stabilization of reactive intermediates. The catalytic behavior after ageing at high temperature confirms the inverse face sensitivity of the two reaction families.

Fermi Large Area Telescope View of the Core of the Radio Galaxy Centaurus A

Abstract: We present gamma-ray observations with the LAT on board the Fermi Gamma-Ray Telescope of the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus~A. The previous EGRET detection is confirmed, and the localization is improved using data from the first 10 months of Fermi science operation. In previous work, we presented the detection of the lobes by the LAT; in this work, we concentrate on the gamma-ray core of Cen~A. Flux levels as seen by the LAT are not significantly different from that found by EGRET, nor is the extremely soft LAT spectrum ($\G=2.67\pm0.10_{stat}\pm0.08_{sys}$ where the photon flux is $\Phi\propto E^{-\G}$). The LAT core spectrum, extrapolated to higher energies, is marginally consistent with the non-simultaneous HESS spectrum of the source. The LAT observations are complemented by simultaneous observations from Suzaku, the Swift Burst Alert Telescope and X-ray Telescope, and radio observations with the Tracking Active Galactic Nuclei with Austral Milliarcsecond Interferometry (TANAMI) program, along with a variety of non-simultaneous archival data from a variety of instruments and wavelengths to produce a spectral energy distribution (SED). We fit this broadband data set with a single-zone synchrotron/synchrotron self-Compton model, which describes the radio through GeV emission well, but fails to account for the non-simultaneous higher energy TeV emission observed by HESS from 2004-2008. The fit requires a low Doppler factor, in contrast to BL Lacs which generally require larger values to fit their broadband SEDs. This indicates the $\g$-ray emission originates from a slower region than that from BL Lacs, consistent with previous modeling results from Cen~A. This slower region could be a slower moving layer around a fast spine, or a slower region farther out from the black hole in a decelerating flow.