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Institution

University of Utah

EducationSalt Lake City, Utah, United States
About: University of Utah is a education organization based out in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 52894 authors who have published 124076 publications receiving 5265834 citations. The organization is also known as: The U & The University of Utah.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel algorithm to reconstruct dynamic magnetic resonance imaging data from under-sampled k-t space data using the compact representation of the data in the Karhunen Louve transform (KLT) domain to exploit the correlations in the dataset.
Abstract: We introduce a novel algorithm to reconstruct dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from under-sampled k-t space data. In contrast to classical model based cine MRI schemes that rely on the sparsity or banded structure in Fourier space, we use the compact representation of the data in the Karhunen Louve transform (KLT) domain to exploit the correlations in the dataset. The use of the data-dependent KL transform makes our approach ideally suited to a range of dynamic imaging problems, even when the motion is not periodic. In comparison to current KLT-based methods that rely on a two-step approach to first estimate the basis functions and then use it for reconstruction, we pose the problem as a spectrally regularized matrix recovery problem. By simultaneously determining the temporal basis functions and its spatial weights from the entire measured data, the proposed scheme is capable of providing high quality reconstructions at a range of accelerations. In addition to using the compact representation in the KLT domain, we also exploit the sparsity of the data to further improve the recovery rate. Validations using numerical phantoms and in vivo cardiac perfusion MRI data demonstrate the significant improvement in performance offered by the proposed scheme over existing methods.

646 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, high-resolution melting of PCR amplicons with the DNA dye LCGreen™ I was recently introduced as a homogeneous, closed-tube method of genotyping that does not require probes or real-time PCR.
Abstract: Background: High-resolution melting of PCR amplicons with the DNA dye LCGreen™ I was recently introduced as a homogeneous, closed-tube method of genotyping that does not require probes or real-time PCR. We adapted this system to genotype single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after rapid-cycle PCR (12 min) of small amplicons (≤50 bp). Methods: Engineered plasmids were used to study all possible SNP base changes. In addition, clinical protocols for factor V (Leiden) 1691G>A, prothrombin 20210G>A, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 1298A>C, hemochromatosis (HFE) 187C>G, and β-globin (hemoglobin S) 17A>T were developed. LCGreen I was included in the reaction mixture before PCR, and high-resolution melting was obtained within 2 min after amplification. Results: In all cases, heterozygotes were easily identified because heteroduplexes altered the shape of the melting curves. Approximately 84% of human SNPs involve a base exchange between A::T and G::C base pairs, and the homozygotes are easily genotyped by melting temperatures ( T ms) that differ by 0.8–1.4 °C. However, in ∼16% of SNPs, the bases only switch strands and preserve the base pair, producing very small T m differences between homozygotes ( G protocol, but, as predicted from the sequence changes, was not needed for the other four clinical protocols. Conclusions: SNP genotyping by high-resolution melting analysis is simple, rapid, and inexpensive, requiring only PCR, a DNA dye, and melting instrumentation. The method is closed-tube, performed without probes or real-time PCR, and can be completed in less than 2 min after completion of PCR.

646 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
University of Utah1, University of Colorado Boulder2, Stanford University3, Oregon Health & Science University4, University of Chicago5, Rush University Medical Center6, University of Barcelona7, Harvard University8, Vanderbilt University9, University of Arizona10, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston11, University of Pennsylvania12, Emory University13, Université de Montréal14, Samsung Medical Center15, University of Auckland16, University of Pittsburgh17, University of Amsterdam18, University of Ioannina19, University of California, San Francisco20, Eastern Virginia Medical School21, University of New South Wales22, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven23, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust24, University of Lorraine25, University of British Columbia26, Northwestern University27, Georgia Regents University28, Johns Hopkins University29, New York University30, Korea University31, University of Texas at Austin32, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences33, Jikei University School of Medicine34, University of Washington35, University of Siena36, Medical College of Wisconsin37, University of Adelaide38, West Virginia University39, Innsbruck Medical University40, Pusan National University41, University of Calgary42, Medical University of South Carolina43, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill44, Cleveland Clinic45, Loyola University Chicago46, Cornell University47, Temple University48, University of São Paulo49, National University of Singapore50, San Antonio Military Medical Center51, University of Alabama at Birmingham52, University of Alberta53, Capital Medical University54
TL;DR: This dissertation aims to provide a history of Chinese medical practice in the United States from 1989 to 2002, a period chosen in order to explore its roots as well as specific cases up to and including the year in which descriptions of “modern China” began to circulate.
Abstract: Background The body of knowledge regarding rhinosinusitis(RS) continues to expand, with rapid growth in number of publications, yet substantial variability in the quality of those presentations. In an effort to both consolidate and critically appraise this information, rhinologic experts from around the world have produced the International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR:RS). Methods Evidence-based reviews with recommendations(EBRRs) were developed for scores of topics, using previously reported methodology. Where existing evidence was insufficient for an EBRR, an evidence-based review (EBR)was produced. The sections were then synthesized and the entire manuscript was then reviewed by all authors for consensus. Results The resulting ICAR:RS document addresses multiple topics in RS, including acute RS (ARS), chronic RS (CRS)with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP), recurrent acute RS (RARS), acute exacerbation of CRS (AECRS), and pediatric RS. Conclusion As a critical review of the RS literature, ICAR:RS provides a thorough review of pathophysiology and evidence-based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment. It also demonstrates the significant gaps in our understanding of the pathophysiology and optimal management of RS. Too often the foundation upon which these recommendations are based is comprised of lower level evidence. It is our hope that this summary of the evidence in RS will point out where additional research efforts may be directed.

645 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This genetic evidence denies any version of the multiregional model of modern human origins and implies instead that the authors' ancestors were effectively a separate species for most of the Pleistocene.
Abstract: Patterns of gene differences among humans contain information about the demographic history of our species. Haploid loci like mitochondrial DNA and the nonrecombining part of the Y chromosome show a pattern indicating expansion from a population of only several thousand during the late middle or early upper Pleistocene. Nuclear short tandem repeat loci also show evidence of this expansion. Both mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome coalesce within the last several hundred thousand years, and they cannot provide information about the population before their coalescence. Several nuclear loci are informative about our ancestral population size during nearly the whole Pleistocene. They indicate a small effective size, on the order of 10,000 breeding individuals, throughout this time period. This genetic evidence denies any version of the multiregional model of modern human origins. It implies instead that our ancestors were effectively a separate species for most of the Pleistocene.

644 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Orlistat is an effective treatment modality in obese patients with type 2 diabetes with respect to clinically meaningful weight loss and maintenance of weight loss, improved glycemic control, and improved lipid profile.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with improved glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular disease risk factors, but weight loss is notably difficult to achieve and sustain with caloric restriction and exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of treatment with orlistat, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor, on weight loss, glycemic control, and serum lipid levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes on sulfonylurea medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a multicenter 57-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, 120 mg orlistat or placebo was administered orally three times a day with a mildly hypocaloric diet to 391 obese men and women with type 2 diabetes who were aged > 18 years, had a BMI of 28–40 kg/m 2 , and were clinically stable on oral sulfonylureas. Changes in body weight, glycemic control, lipid levels, and drug tolerability were measured. RESULTS After 1 year of treatment, the orlistat group lost 6.2 ± 0.45% (mean ± SEM) of initial body weight vs. 4.3 ± 0.49% in the placebo group ( P P 1c ( P P P P P P P P CONCLUSIONS Orlistat is an effective treatment modality in obese patients with type 2 diabetes with respect to clinically meaningful weight loss and maintenance of weight loss, improved glycemic control, and improved lipid profile.

643 citations


Authors

Showing all 53431 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Bert Vogelstein247757332094
George M. Whitesides2401739269833
Hongjie Dai197570182579
Robert M. Califf1961561167961
Frank E. Speizer193636135891
Yusuke Nakamura1792076160313
David L. Kaplan1771944146082
Marc G. Caron17367499802
George M. Church172900120514
Steven P. Gygi172704129173
Lily Yeh Jan16246773655
Tobin J. Marks1591621111604
David W. Bates1591239116698
Alfred L. Goldberg15647488296
Charles M. Perou156573202951
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023203
2022769
20217,363
20207,015
20196,309
20185,651