University of Valencia

About: University of Valencia is a education organization based out in Valencia, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Neutrino. The organization has 27096 authors who have published 65669 publications receiving 1765689 citations. The organization is also known as: Universitat de València & UV.

Kernel-Based Framework for Multitemporal and Multisource Remote Sensing Data Classification and Change Detection

Abstract: The multitemporal classification of remote sensing images is a challenging problem, in which the efficient combination of different sources of information (e.g., temporal, contextual, or multisensor) can improve the results. In this paper, we present a general framework based on kernel methods for the integration of heterogeneous sources of information. Using the theoretical principles in this framework, three main contributions are presented. First, a novel family of kernel-based methods for multitemporal classification of remote sensing images is presented. The second contribution is the development of nonlinear kernel classifiers for the well-known difference and ratioing change detection methods by formulating them in an adequate high-dimensional feature space. Finally, the presented methodology allows the integration of contextual information and multisensor images with different levels of nonlinear sophistication. The binary support vector (SV) classifier and the one-class SV domain description classifier are evaluated by using both linear and nonlinear kernel functions. Good performance on synthetic and real multitemporal classification scenarios illustrates the generalization of the framework and the capabilities of the proposed algorithms.

The effects of personality on earnings

Abstract: El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar sobre la influencia de distintas dimensiones de la personalidad del individuo en la determinacion salarial. El estudio esta inspirado en Bowles, Gintis y Osborne (2001) que propone una base teorica para la idea de que algunas caracteristicas de la personalidad de los trabajadores podrian ser recompensadas (o penalizadas) en el mercado laboral. Para contrastar esta idea utilizamos datos del CentER Saving Survey, un panel de datos representativo de la poblacion holandesa que ofrece informacion sobre la personalidad. Concretamente inclyue el Five-Factor-Personality-Inventory que mide la diligencia, empatia, extroversion, autonomia y la estabilidad emocional del individuo, consideradas las cinco grandes dimensiones de la personalidad. En el analisis empirico se tienen en cuenta las diferencias por genero y la endogeneidad entre personalidad y salarios. Las estimaciones de la ecuacion de salarios muestran que, para los hombres, la empatia tiene un efecto negativo en los salarios mientras que, para las mujeres, la estabilidad emocional afecta positivamente. La contribucion de estas variables a la varianza explicada implica que la personalidad explica una porcion adicional de la varianza de los salarios independientemente de las variables tradicionales de capital humano, especialmente en el caso de las mujeres.

Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in entrepreneurship and innovation research – the rise of a method

Abstract: This article reviews and critically examines 77 journal articles published from 2005 to 2016 on the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) applied in business and management research on the fields of entrepreneurship and innovation research. The findings reveal that the number of fsQCA applications has sharply increased during the past few years. Stemming from the systematic literature review, core aspects dealing with firm performance and innovation are identified. Ultimately, we provide promising areas with future potential for the application of fsQCA such as the elaboration of the antecedents leading to business model innovation.

Slow dynamics of the magnetization in one-dimensional coordination polymers: single-chain magnets.

Abstract: Slow relaxation of the magnetization (i.e., "magnet-like" behavior) in materials composed of magnetically isolated chains was observed for the first time in 2001. This type of behavior was predicted in the 1960s by Glauber in a chain of ferromagnetically coupled Ising spins (the so-called Glauber dynamics). In 2002, this new class of nanomagnets was named single-chain magnets (SCMs) by analogy to single-molecule magnets that are isolated molecules displaying related superparamagnetic properties. A long-range order occurs only at T = 0 K in any pure one-dimensional (1D) system, and thus such systems remain in their paramagnetic state at any finite temperature. Nevertheless, the combined action of large uniaxial anisotropy and intrachain magnetic interactions between high-spin magnetic units of the 1D arrangement promotes long relaxation times for the magnetization reversal with decreasing temperature, and finally at significantly low temperatures, the material can behave as a magnet. In this Forum Article, we summarize simple theoretical approaches used for understanding typical SCM behavior and some rational synthetic strategies to obtain SCM materials together with representative examples of SCMs previously reported.

Mitochondrial dynamics in type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiological implications

Abstract: Mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. These organelles have a high plasticity and are involved in dynamic processes such as mitochondrial fusion and fission, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low levels of ATP. Mitochondrial fusion is modulated by different proteins, including mitofusin-1 (MFN1), mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and optic atrophy (OPA-1), while fission is controlled by mitochondrial fission 1 (FIS1), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF). PARKIN and (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) participate in the process of mitophagy, for which mitochondrial fission is necessary. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways of mitochondrial dynamics, their impairment under type 2 diabetes, and pharmaceutical approaches for targeting mitochondrial dynamics, such as mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1), dynasore, P110 and 15-oxospiramilactone. Furthermore, we discuss the pathophysiological implications of impaired mitochondrial dynamics, especially in type 2 diabetes.