University of Vermont

About: University of Vermont is a education organization based out in Burlington, Vermont, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 17592 authors who have published 38251 publications receiving 1609874 citations. The organization is also known as: UVM & University of Vermont and State Agricultural College.

Fish Consumption and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death

Abstract: Studies show conflicting results regarding the protective effect of dietary fish and fish oil on certain types of cardiovascular disease. A recent epidemiologic study supports the hypothesis that moderate consumption (1–2 meals/week) of fish lowers the risk of sudden cardiac death in humans.

The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood

Abstract: Disease incidences increase with age, but the molecular characteristics of ageing that lead to increased disease susceptibility remain inadequately understood. Here we perform a whole-blood gene expression meta-analysis in 14,983 individuals of European ancestry (including replication) and identify 1,497 genes that are differentially expressed with chronological age. The age-associated genes do not harbor more age-associated CpG-methylation sites than other genes, but are instead enriched for the presence of potentially functional CpG-methylation sites in enhancer and insulator regions that associate with both chronological age and gene expression levels. We further used the gene expression profiles to calculate the 'transcriptomic age' of an individual, and show that differences between transcriptomic age and chronological age are associated with biological features linked to ageing, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, fasting glucose, and body mass index. The transcriptomic prediction model adds biological relevance and complements existing epigenetic prediction models, and can be used by others to calculate transcriptomic age in external cohorts.

Weight Management Through Lifestyle Modification for the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale and Strategies: A statement of the American Diabetes Association, the North American Association for the Study of Obesity, and the American Society for Clinical Nutrition

Abstract: The prevalence of diabetes in the U.S. continues to rise by epidemic proportions. This increase parallels the rising rates of obesity and overweight observed over the past decade (1,2). Indeed, as BMI increases, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases in a “dose-dependent” manner (3,4). The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is 3–7 times higher in obese than in normal-weight adults, and those with a BMI >35 kg/m2 are 20 times more likely to develop diabetes than those with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 (5,6). In addition, weight gain during adulthood is also directly correlated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (3,7–9). Obesity also complicates the management of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin resistance and blood glucose concentrations (10). It is an independent risk factor for dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (6,11–14) and, thus, increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (15). The purpose of this statement is to review the important role of weight management in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes and to describe strategies for achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight through lifestyle modification. The use of weight loss medications and bariatric surgery in the management of obesity will not be discussed in this document. Pharmacotherapy can be a useful adjunct to lifestyle modification in the long-term management of obesity in selected patients (16). Weight loss medications may be considered for those with a BMI ≥30 or those with a BMI ≥27 plus obesity-related comorbid conditions. Weight loss surgery may be a therapeutic alternative for patients with a BMI ≥40 or a BMI ≥35 plus comorbid conditions (16). Comprehensive review articles that …

A critical review of self-perceptions and the positive illusory bias in children with ADHD.

Abstract: Despite significant functional problems in multiple domains, children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) unexpectedly provide extremely positive reports of their own competence in comparison to other criteria reflecting actual competence. This counterintuitive phenomenon is known as the positive illusory bias (PIB). This article provides a comprehensive and critical review of the literature examining the self-perceptions of children with ADHD and the PIB. Specifically, we analyze methodological and statistical challenges associated with the investigation of the phenomenon, the theoretical basis for the PIB, and the effects of sample heterogeneity on self-perception patterns. We conclude by discussing the implications of this work and providing recommendations for advancing research in this area.