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Institution

University of Vermont

EducationBurlington, Vermont, United States
About: University of Vermont is a education organization based out in Burlington, Vermont, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 17592 authors who have published 38251 publications receiving 1609874 citations. The organization is also known as: UVM & University of Vermont and State Agricultural College.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biochemical investigation of a biological process can be divided into three segments: the development of an inventory of the components involved in the process, theestablishment of the connectivity between components, and the establishment of the dynamics of the processes as they occur in the living organism.
Abstract: Introduction: The biochemical investigation of a biological process can be divided into three segments. The first is the development of an inventory of the components involved in the process, the second is the establishment of the connectivity between components, and the third is the establishment of the dynamics of the processes as they occur in the living organism.

466 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Apr 1990-Nature
TL;DR: It is reported that arterial dilations in response to CGRP are partially reversed by blockers of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP), glibenclamide10–12 and barium10,13 and proposed that activation of KATP channels underlies a substantial part of the relaxation produced by C GRP.
Abstract: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino-acid peptide produced by alternative processing of messenger RNA from the calcitonin gene. CGRP is one of the most potent vasodilators known. It occurs in and is released from perivascular nerves and has been detected in the blood stream, suggesting that it is important in the control of blood flow. The mechanism by which it dilates arteries is not known. Here, we report that arterial dilations in response to CGRP are partially reversed by blockers of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)), glibenclamide and barium. We also show that CGRP hyperpolarizes arterial smooth muscle and that blockers of K(ATP) channels reverse this hyperpolarization. Finally, we show that CGRP opens single K+ channels in patches on single smooth muscle cells from the same arteries. We propose that activation of K(ATP) channels underlies a substantial part of the relaxation produced by CGRP.

465 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A primary goal in the management of diabetes is the regulation of blood glucose to achieve near-normal blood glucose, and the total carbohydrate intake from a meal or snack is a relatively reliable predictor of postprandial blood glucose.
Abstract: Diabetes has long been viewed as a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism due to its hallmark feature of hyperglycemia. Indeed, hyperglycemia is the cause of the acute symptoms associated with diabetes such as polydypsia, polyuria, and polyphagia (1). The long-term complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) associated with diabetes are also believed to result from chronically elevated blood glucose levels (2–6). In addition, hyperglycemia may contribute to the development of macrovascular disease, which is associated with the development of coronary artery disease, the leading cause of death in individuals with diabetes (7–9). Thus, a primary goal in the management of diabetes is the regulation of blood glucose to achieve near-normal blood glucose. Blood glucose concentration following a meal is determined by the rate of appearance of glucose into the blood stream (absorption) and its clearance/disappearance from the circulation (10). The rate of disappearance of glucose is largely influenced by insulin secretion and its action on target tissues (11). The component of the diet that has the greatest influence on blood glucose is carbohydrate. Other macronutrients in the diet, i.e., fat and protein, can influence the postprandial blood glucose level, however. For example, dietary fat slows glucose absorption, delaying the peak glycemic response to the ingestion of a food that contains glucose (12–14). In addition, although glucose is the primary stimulus for insulin release, protein/amino acids augment insulin release when ingested with carbohydrate, thereby increasing the clearance of glucose from the blood (15–17). Both the quantity and the type or source of carbohydrate found in foods influence postprandial glucose level (18,19). Although most experts agree that the total carbohydrate intake from a meal or snack is a relatively reliable predictor of postprandial blood glucose (18,20–22), the impact …

464 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Sep 2012-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: In HIV-infected individuals, IL-6, hsCRP and D-dimer are associated with an increased risk of CVD independent of other CVD risk factors.
Abstract: Background: The SMART study was a trial of intermittent use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (drug conservation [DC]) versus continuous use of ART (viral suppression [VS]) as a strategy to reduce toxicities, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We studied the predictive value of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and D-dimer with CVD morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients who were enrolled in SMART beyond other measured CVD risk factors. Methods: A blood sample was available in 5098 participants who were enrolled in the SMART study for the measurement of IL-6, hsCRP and D-dimer. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI for CVD events were estimated for each quartile (Q) for each biomarker vs the 1 st quartile and for 1 SD higher levels. For both treatment groups combined, unadjusted and adjusted HRs were determined using Cox regression models. Results: There were 252 participants who had a CVD event over a median follow-up of 29 months. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for CVD for Q4 vs Q1 were 4.65 (2.61, 8.29), 2.10 (1.40, 3.16), and 2.14 (1.38, 3.33) for IL-6, hsCRP and D-dimer, respectively. Associations were similar for the DC and VS treatment groups (interaction p-values were .0.30). The addition of the three biomarkers to a model that included baseline covariates significantly improved model fit (p,0.001). Area under the curve (AUC) estimates improved with inclusion of the three biomarkers in a model that included baseline covariates corresponding to other CVD risk factors and HIV factors (0.741 to 0.771; p,0.001 for difference). Conclusions: In HIV-infected individuals, IL-6, hsCRP and D-dimer are associated with an increased risk of CVD independent of other CVD risk factors. Further research is needed to determine whether these biomarkers can be used to improve CVD risk prediction among HIV positive individuals.

463 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These results corroborate previous findings that empirically derived dietary patterns are associated with inflammation and show that these relations in an ethnically diverse population with unique dietary habits are similar to findings in more homogeneous populations.

462 citations


Authors

Showing all 17727 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Albert Hofman2672530321405
Ralph B. D'Agostino2261287229636
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Stephen V. Faraone1881427140298
Valentin Fuster1791462185164
Dennis J. Selkoe177607145825
Anders Björklund16576984268
Alfred L. Goldberg15647488296
Christopher P. Cannon1511118108906
Debbie A Lawlor1471114101123
Roger J. Davis147498103478
Andrew S. Levey144600156845
Jonathan G. Seidman13756389782
Yu Huang136149289209
Christine E. Seidman13451967895
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202359
2022177
20211,840
20201,762
20191,653
20181,569