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Institution

University of Vermont

EducationBurlington, Vermont, United States
About: University of Vermont is a education organization based out in Burlington, Vermont, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 17592 authors who have published 38251 publications receiving 1609874 citations. The organization is also known as: UVM & University of Vermont and State Agricultural College.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Anger, anxiety, craving, difficulty concentrating, hunger, impatience, and restlessness were the most prominent symptoms of tobacco withdrawal, and nicotine gum decreased most symptoms, including craving and hunger but not weight.
Abstract: • Smokers (n = 315) who wished to quit were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner to groups using either nicotine or placebo gum. Self-reported and observed symptoms of tobacco withdrawal were collected before cessation and at follow-ups of 1 to 2 weeks, 1 month, and 6 months. Self-reported and/or observed anger, anxiety, craving, difficulty concentrating, hunger, impatience, and restlessness were the most prominent symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. These symptoms had returned to precessation levels by 1 month except increased weight, hunger, and craving continued for 6 months in many smokers. Nicotine gum decreased most symptoms, including craving and hunger but not weight. Abstinent smokers with more intense withdrawal were not more likely to relapse. Abstinent smokers who gained more weight were less likely to relapse.

457 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Increased morbidity due to hemorrhagic complications is associated with an invasive management strategy in patients with acute myocardial infarction and the complex interaction of several factors in the occurrence of hemorrhagic events during thrombolytic therapy is shown.
Abstract: Objectives To assess the effects of invasive procedures, hemostatic and clinical variables, the timing of beta-blocker therapy, and the doses of recombinant plasminogen activator (rt-PA) on hemorrhagic events. Design A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Setting Hospitals participating in the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction, Phase II trial (TIMI II). Interventions Patients received rt-PA, heparin, and aspirin. The total dose of rt-PA was 150 mg for the first 520 patients and 100 mg for the remaining 2819 patients. Patients were randomly assigned to an invasive strategy (coronary arteriography with percutaneous angioplasty [if feasible] done routinely 18 to 48 hours after the start of thrombolytic therapy) or to a conservative strategy (coronary arteriography done for recurrent spontaneous or exercise-induced ischemia). Eligible patients were also randomly assigned to either immediate intravenous or deferred beta-blocker therapy. Measurements Patients were monitored for hemorrhagic events during hospitalization. Main results In patients on the 100-mg rt-PA regimen, major and minor hemorrhagic events were more common among those assigned to the invasive than among those assigned to the conservative strategy (18.5% versus 12.8%, P less than 0.001). Major or minor hemorrhagic events were associated with the extent of fibrinogen breakdown, peak rt-PA levels, thrombocytopenia, prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) to more than 90 seconds, weight of 70 kg or less, female gender, and physical signs of cardiac decompensation. Immediate intravenous beta-blocker therapy had no important effect on hemorrhagic events when compared with delayed beta-blocker therapy. Intracranial hemorrhages were more frequent among patients treated with the 150-mg rt-PA dose than with the 100-mg rt-PA dose (2.1% versus 0.5%, P less than 0.001). The extent of the plasmin-mediated hemostatic defect was also greater in patients receiving the 150-mg dose. Conclusions Increased morbidity due to hemorrhagic complications is associated with an invasive management strategy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Our findings show the complex interaction of several factors in the occurrence of hemorrhagic events during thrombolytic therapy.

457 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reciprocity theorem is used to determine the sensitivity of EEG leads to the location and orientation of sources in the brain and the following conclusions are drawn.
Abstract: In this paper, the reciprocity theorem is used to determine the sensitivity of EEG leads to the location and orientation of sources in the brain. Quantitative information used in determining the sensitivity is derived from constant potential plots of a three-concentric-sphere mathematical model of the head with current applied through surface leads (the reciprocal problem), and from an electrolytic tank employing a human skull. Advantages of the reciprocal or lead field approach are outlined and the following conclusions are drawn. 1) Leads placed at the end of a diameter through the center of the brain have a range of sensitivity due to source location of only 3 to 1. 2) For the same electrode placement, sensitivity is maximum to sources oriented parallel to the line of the electrodes regardless of source location. 3) Electrodes spaced 5 cm apart are about ten times more sensitive to proximal cortical sources (by virtue of position) than to sources near the center of the brain.

457 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Zari Dastani1, Hivert M-F.2, Hivert M-F.3, N J Timpson4  +615 moreInstitutions (128)
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 39,883 individuals of European ancestry to identify genes associated with metabolic disease identifies novel genetic determinants of adiponectin levels, which, taken together, influence risk of T2D and markers of insulin resistance.
Abstract: Circulating levels of adiponectin, a hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes, are highly heritable and are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other metabolic traits. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 39,883 individuals of European ancestry to identify genes associated with metabolic disease. We identified 8 novel loci associated with adiponectin levels and confirmed 2 previously reported loci (P = 4.5×10(-8)-1.2×10(-43)). Using a novel method to combine data across ethnicities (N = 4,232 African Americans, N = 1,776 Asians, and N = 29,347 Europeans), we identified two additional novel loci. Expression analyses of 436 human adipocyte samples revealed that mRNA levels of 18 genes at candidate regions were associated with adiponectin concentrations after accounting for multiple testing (p<3×10(-4)). We next developed a multi-SNP genotypic risk score to test the association of adiponectin decreasing risk alleles on metabolic traits and diseases using consortia-level meta-analytic data. This risk score was associated with increased risk of T2D (p = 4.3×10(-3), n = 22,044), increased triglycerides (p = 2.6×10(-14), n = 93,440), increased waist-to-hip ratio (p = 1.8×10(-5), n = 77,167), increased glucose two hours post oral glucose tolerance testing (p = 4.4×10(-3), n = 15,234), increased fasting insulin (p = 0.015, n = 48,238), but with lower in HDL-cholesterol concentrations (p = 4.5×10(-13), n = 96,748) and decreased BMI (p = 1.4×10(-4), n = 121,335). These findings identify novel genetic determinants of adiponectin levels, which, taken together, influence risk of T2D and markers of insulin resistance.

456 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The addition of 24 months of antiandrogen therapy with daily bicalutamide to salvage radiation therapy resulted in significantly higher rates of long‐term overall survival and lower incidences of metastatic prostate cancer and death from prostate cancer than radiation therapy plus placebo.
Abstract: BackgroundSalvage radiation therapy is often necessary in men who have undergone radical prostatectomy and have evidence of prostate-cancer recurrence signaled by a persistently or recurrently elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Whether antiandrogen therapy with radiation therapy will further improve cancer control and prolong overall survival is unknown. MethodsIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from 1998 through 2003, we assigned 760 eligible patients who had undergone prostatectomy with a lymphadenectomy and had disease, as assessed on pathological testing, with a tumor stage of T2 (confined to the prostate but with a positive surgical margin) or T3 (with histologic extension beyond the prostatic capsule), no nodal involvement, and a detectable PSA level of 0.2 to 4.0 ng per milliliter to undergo radiation therapy and receive either antiandrogen therapy (24 months of bicalutamide at a dose of 150 mg daily) or daily placebo tablets during and after radiation therapy. The p...

456 citations


Authors

Showing all 17727 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Albert Hofman2672530321405
Ralph B. D'Agostino2261287229636
George Davey Smith2242540248373
Stephen V. Faraone1881427140298
Valentin Fuster1791462185164
Dennis J. Selkoe177607145825
Anders Björklund16576984268
Alfred L. Goldberg15647488296
Christopher P. Cannon1511118108906
Debbie A Lawlor1471114101123
Roger J. Davis147498103478
Andrew S. Levey144600156845
Jonathan G. Seidman13756389782
Yu Huang136149289209
Christine E. Seidman13451967895
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202359
2022177
20211,840
20201,762
20191,653
20181,569