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Showing papers by "University of Veterinary Science published in 2015"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Time of the day and reproductive state of the horses are thus important for experiments that include analysis of salivary cortisol in saliva and are increased in active breeding sires.

63 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
26 Feb 2015
TL;DR: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs within Nay Pyi Taw area, Myanmar, and this is the first report of porcine cysticERCosis in Myanmar.
Abstract: Cross-sectional surveys were conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs within Nay Pyi Taw area, Myanmar. Meat inspection in three slaughterhouses, ELISA test, and questionnaire surveys were conducted in this study. Three hundred pigs were inspected in slaughterhouses and 364 pigs were randomly selected and examined from 203 households from three townships in Nay Pyi Taw area. The prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in meat inspection was 23.67% (71/300). Seroprevalence of T. solium cysticercosis in pigs in the study area was 15.93% (58/364). Significant associated risk factors with T. solium cysticercosis were gender (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 1.7-5.4), increased age (OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.2-4.2), husbandry system (OR = 5.1; 95% CI = 2.4-11.2), feed type (OR = 16.9; 95% CI = 2.3-124.3), not using anthelmintics in pigs (OR = 11.9; 95% CI = 5.0-28.5), not using anthelmintics in owner (OR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.4-4.4), no hand-washing before feeding (OR = 31.5; 95% CI = 4.3-230.9), and pork consumption of owner (OR = 37.4; 95% CI = 9.0-156.1) in the study area. This is the first report of porcine cysticercosis in Myanmar.

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Increases in HR and salivary cortisol concentrations in foals are not induced during parturition, but occur immediately after birth.
Abstract: Heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol concentrations were determined in foals (n = 13) during the perinatal phase and until 5 months of age. In the fetus, HR decreased from 77 ± 3 beats/min at 120 min before birth to 60 ± 1 beats/min at 5 min before birth (P <0.01). Within 30 min of birth, HR increased to 160 ± 9 beats/min (P <0.01). Salivary cortisol concentrations immediately after birth were 11.9 ± 3.6 ng/mL and within 2 h increased to a maximum of 52.5 ± 12.3 ng/mL (P <0.01). In conclusion, increases in HR and salivary cortisol concentrations in foals are not induced during parturition, but occur immediately after birth.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Testicular function in stallions is apparently well protected against transiently elevated cortisol concentrations, and stallions can be transported over longer distances without negatively affecting their fertility.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Gynaecological examination of mares evoked a moderate stress response in veterinary students, which was more evident after simulator-based than animal-based training.
Abstract: Invasive procedures in animals are challenging for veterinary students who may perceive a gynaecological examination of mares as stressful. Simulator-based training may reduce stress. In this study, students received equine gynaecology training 4 times either on horses (group H; n = 14) or a teaching simulator (group SIM; n = 13). One day and 14 days thereafter, their diagnostic skills were tested on horses (skills tests 1 and 2). During the skills tests, the students' stress response was analysed by heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV) parameters SDRR (standard deviation of beat-to-beat [RR] interval) and RMSSD (root-mean-square of successive RR differences), and salivary cortisol. In addition, students answered a questionnaire on their perceived stress. Sympathetic activation with increased heart rate (p < 0.001) occurred in both skills tests. In test 1, this increase was more pronounced in SIM than in H students (time × group p < 0.01). HRV decreased in students of both groups (p < 0.001). In skills test 1, this decrease was more pronounced for SIM than for H students (between groups and time × group p < 0.01 for SDRR and p < 0.05 for RMSSD). High cortisol concentrations before the skills tests may indicate an anticipatory stress response. Subjective stress perception of students was higher in skills test 1 vs 2 (p < 0.01). In skills test 2, H students felt more stressed than SIM students (p < 0.01). Self-assessment thus differed from physiological stress parameters. In conclusion, gynaecological examination of mares evoked a moderate stress response in veterinary students, which was more evident after simulator-based than animal-based training.

10 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the crude protein (CP) content of Lablab bean stalk-fresh (LLBF) was significantly higher than those of other feedstuffs with the least CP obtained from sorghum stover-dry (SSD).
Abstract: The use of crop residues and agricultural by-products in animal feeding is a very common practice in Myanmar. Nutritive values and fermentation characteristics of natural grass (NG), lablab bean stalk-fresh (LLBF), butter bean residue-dry (BBRD), sesame residue-dry (SRD), sorghum stover-dry (SSD) and sorghum stover-fresh (SSF) were evaluated through in vitro gas production method. The crude protein (CP) content of Lablab bean stalk-fresh (LLBF) was significantly higher than those of other feedstuffs with the least CP obtained from sorghum stover-dry (SSD). The contents of NDF, ADF and EE ranged from 58.95 to 80.03, 36.63 to 67.76 and 2.15 to 2.89, respectively. The cumulative gas volumes at 24 hrs ranked from the highest to the lowest; BBRD, NG, SRD, LLBF, SSD and SSF. However, the gas volume of SSD was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of other feedstuffs at the 96 hrs of incubation time. The highest gas production rate “c” was found in SRD and the lowest was in SSD. While the fermentation of insoluble fraction “b” of SSD was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of other feedstuffs, the LLBF was the highest in the fermentation of quickly soluble fraction “a”. The estimated total carbohydrate (TC), non fibre carbohydrate (NFC), metabolizable energy (ME), organic matter digestibility (OMD), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and methane gas concentration are significantly different (P<0.05) among the experimental feedstuffs. According to the findings of this study, all of these conventional feedstuffs have the good potential to be used as ruminant feed.

4 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The role of female was vital for the development of dairy production sector indicating that female were the resource person in small-scale dairy production system, and butter bean residue, natural grass and sesame residue were valuable potential to be used in the ration of dairy cow.
Abstract: This survey was carried out to evaluate the dairy cattle production system, conventional feed resources and their nutritive values in Central Dry Zone (CDZ), Tatar U and Amarapura Townships, in Myanmar. The secondary data and questionnaires were accessed from 180 farmers of 180 households in the study area and made Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with them. According to the findings of this survey, most of farmers were relying on the agriculture for their livelihood and livestock farming played as the secondary role. As the gender issue, the role of female was vital for the development of dairy production sector indicating that female were the resource person in small-scale dairy production system. Generally, one household possessed 4 cattle including milking cows, heifers and calves. As breeding, natural breeding was still important for small-scale dairy farmers and the calving intervals were between12 and 18months. The average 11.5 kg of milk per cow were recorded from the study area. Among the conventional feed resources, butter bean residue, natural grass and sesame residue were used as the roughages sources in diet when rice straw was not available. These feedstuffs were valuable potential to be used in the ration of dairy cow.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicate that a lack of colostrum is without detrimental effects on postnatal duodenal development in foals.

2 citations