University of Veterinary Science

About: University of Veterinary Science is a education organization based out in Pyinmana, Myanmar. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 597 authors who have published 650 publications receiving 14262 citations.

Genetic homogeneity of goat malaria parasites in Asia and Africa suggests their expansion with domestic goat host

Abstract: Plasmodium was first identified in a goat in Angola in 1923, and only recently characterized by DNA isolation from a goat blood sample in Zambia. Goats were first domesticated in the Fertile Crescent approximately 10,000 years ago, and are now globally distributed. It is not known if the Plasmodium identified in African goats originated from parasites circulating in the local ungulates, or if it co-evolved in the goat before its domestication. To address this question, we performed PCR-based surveillance using a total of 1,299 goat blood samples collected from Sudan and Kenya in Africa, Iran in west Asia, and Myanmar and Thailand in southeast Asia. Plasmodium DNA was detected from all locations, suggesting that the parasite is not limited to Africa, but widely distributed. Whole mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed that there was only one nucleotide substitution between Zambian/Kenyan samples and others, supporting the existence of a goat-specific Plasmodium species, presumably Plasmodium caprae, rather than infection of goats by local ungulate malaria parasites. We also present the first photographic images of P. caprae, from one Kenyan goat sample.

Complex study of the physiological role of cadmium. III. Cadmium loading trials on broiler chickens.

Abstract: Cadmium (Cd) loading trials were conducted on a total of 110 (3 x 10 and 4 x 20) broiler chickens prereared for 21 days. The control chickens received no cadmium, while chickens in the six treatment groups were given different doses of Cd as an aqueous solution of CdSO4 administered either into the crop or mixed in the feed. The chickens were kept in a climatized animal house and treated usually for 3-5 weeks (maximum 68 days), with the exception of group Cd-75 chickens which were treated up to 239 days of age. The chickens' health status, body mass and feed consumption were monitored throughout the trial. On days 14-20 and on day 42 of the trial 2 chickens per group, then at the end of trial a total of 25 chickens were killed in anaesthesia. These birds, together with chickens that died or were killed during the trial, were subjected to detailed gross pathological examination. From 11 organs (kidney, liver, spleen, testicle, brain, myocardium, skeletal muscle, lungs, digestive tract, pancreas, tubular bones) of these chickens samples were taken for assay for a total of 16 elements, as well as for light and electron microscopic examination. With the exception of groups Cd-30 and Cd-600, no abnormal clinical signs were observed in the first two weeks of the trial. Chickens of group Cd-30 died before day 8-12 of the trial among signs of complete anorexia, rapid emaciation, huddling and diarrhoea, while chickens of group Cd-600 died before day 28, showing similar clinical signs. The body mass of chickens fed a Cd-supplemented diet either remained constant or decreased substantially, in a degree proportional to the Cd load. The only exception was group Cd-2.5, in which the average body mass of birds at the end of week 8 slightly exceeded that of the controls. Four out of the 10 cockerel chicks fed a diet containing 75 ppm Cd up to 239 days of age died of intercurrent diseases; the remaining six grew well and reached a body mass of 3.8-4.3 kg. Feed conversion efficiency was satisfactory in the control group and in group Cd-2.5 (2.1 and 2.4 kg, respectively) and could not be evaluated in a realistic manner in the other groups. At necropsy, the cockerel chicks of groups Cd-30 and Cd-600 showed severe emaciation, liver and kidney degeneration, myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac dilatation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from sheep, goats and calves.

Abstract: Zusammenfassung Verbreitung von Pasteurella-Serotypen bei Schaf, Ziege und Kalb Bei 201, von Schafen, Ziegen und Kalbern isolierten P. haemolytica-Stammen wurden die biochemischen und serologischen Eigenschaften bestimmt. Zur serologischen Prufung diente die indirekte Hamagglutination. Ungefahr 92,5% der Isolate (186 Stamme) gehorten dem Biotyp A und ungefahr 7,5% (15 Stamme) dem Biotyp T an. Mit Ausnahme von 8 Stammen, liesen sich alle Stamme einem der 15, bisher bekannten Serotypen zuordnen. Beim Kalb dominierte A 1 (65% der Stamme). Bei Schafen wurden fast alle Serotypen gefunden; am haufigsten kamen A1 (26%), A2 (12%), A7 (10%), A9 (9,5%) und A6 (9%) vor. Ungefahr 24% der A-Serotypen verursachten septikamische Erkrankungen bei Schafen. Abgesehen von 1 Stamm, gehorten alle Isolate von Ziegen dem Serotyp A2 an. Resume Serotypes de Pasteurella haemolytica isoles chez des moutons, des chevres et des veaux Les proprietes biochimiques et serologiques ont ete determinees chez 201 souches de Pasteurella haemolytica isolees chez des moutons, des chevres et des veaux. L'hemagglutination indirecte a ete utilisee pour l'examen serologique. 92,5% environ des isolements (186 souches) appartenaient au biotype A et environ 7,5% (15 souches) au biotype T. Toutes les souches a l'exception de huit d'entre elles ont pu etre classees dans un des 15 serotypes connus jusqu'a maintenant. A1 a domine chez le veau (65% des souches). Presque tous les serotypes ont ete trouves chez les moutons; les plus frequents furent A1 (26%), A2 (12%), A7 (10%), A9 (9,5%) et A6 (9%). Le 24% environ des serotypes A ont provoque des lesions septicemiques chez les moutons. A l'exception d'une souche, tous les isolements des chevres appartenaient au serotype A2. Resumen La incidencia de Pasteurella haemolytica aisladas de ovejas, cabras y terneras En 201 estirpes P. haemolytica, aisladas a partir de ovejas, cabras y terneros, se determinaron las propiedades bioquimicas y serologicas. Para el analisis serologico se recurrio a la hemaglutinacion indirecta. El 92,5% aprox. de los aislamientos (186 cepas) pertenecian al biotipo A y el 7,5% aprox. (15 cepas) al biotipo T. Con la excepcion de 8 estirpes, se pudieron encuadrar todas las cepas a alguno de los 15 serotipos que se conocen por ahora. En los terneros predominaba A1 (65% de las estirpes). En las ovejas se ubicaron casi todos los serotipos; con frecuencia maxima se hallaron A1 (26%), A2 (12%), A7 (10%), A9 (9,5%) y A6 (9%). Aproximadamente el 24% de los serotipos A ocasionaban enfermedades septicemicas en los ovinos. Prescindiendo de 1 cepa, todos los demas aislamientos de cabras correspondian al serotipo A2.

Study on the course of Cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens treated with interleukin-1 or indomethacin.

Abstract: The effects exerted by human recombinant interleukin-1β (hrIL-1β) and the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin on the course of Cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens were studied. Daily ooc...