University of Veterinary Science

About: University of Veterinary Science is a education organization based out in Pyinmana, Myanmar. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Feed conversion ratio. The organization has 597 authors who have published 650 publications receiving 14262 citations.

Effects of T-2 toxin treatment on the egg yield and hatchability in geese.

Abstract: Ten groups of one-year-old geese, each including 10 layers and 3 ganders, were treated with T-2 toxin at doses of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg body weight/day for 18 days by injection into the stomach. At the toxin dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day, the egg yield remained unchanged while the hatching rate slightly decreased. T-2 toxin administered at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day decreased the hatching rate and the egg yield. The toxin dose of 0.3 mg/kg/day resulted in a 50% reduction of the hatching rate. The mortality rate was significant at toxin levels higher than 0.8 mg/bwkg/day; however, 30% of the birds survived even the 3.0 mg/kg/day toxin dose.

Feeding pineapple waste silage as roughage source improved the nutrient intakes, energy status and growth performances of growing Myanmar local cattle.

Abstract: Objective The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of feeding pineapple waste silage (PWS) as the source of roughage replaced in Napier grass silage (NGS) on the nutrient intakes, energy status, and growth performances of growing Myanmar local cattle. Materials and methods Eight growing Myanmar local cattle were randomly allocated into two groups, which were adjusted for age, sex, and body weight. Treatments were control (70% NGS + 30% concentrate) and PWS (45% NGS + 25% PWS + 30% concentrate). This experiment lasted for 6 weeks, including adaptation, and feed intake, energy status, and body weight gain were measured. Results The higher (p 0.05), the body weight gain and average daily gain were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the PSW group than in the control group. Feeding PWS as a roughage source at 25% of diet improved the nutrient intake, energy balance, and body weight gain of growing Myanmar local cattle. Conclusion Thus, PWS could be used as the source of roughage replaced in NGS in Myanmar local cattle with the improvement of productive performances.

Elimination and metabolism of triiodothyronine depend on the thyroid status in the brain of young chickens.

Abstract: The hypothyroid chicken brain has been found to preserve more triiodothyronine (T3) than expected from plasma T3 levels. A possible explanation is that the elimination of T3 from the hypothyroid brain is decreased. In the present experiments, the elimination rate of T3 was compared in surgically thyroidectomized animals and sham-operated controls. It was found that both T3 coming from the plasma and T3 derived locally in the cells from thyroxine have a significantly lower elimination rate in thyroidectomized chickens than in sham-operated ones. Therefore it is concluded that the adaptation of the brain to hypothyroid conditions is partly regulated by reducing the loss of the active thyroid hormone (i.e. T3) via metabolic and tissue-to-plasma exchange.

The effects of butyrate and glucagon on the proliferation of ruminal epithelial cells in culture

Abstract: When the rate of ruminal epithelial cell proliferation was measured on the basis of 3H-thymidine incorporation into the cellular DNA, butyrate dose-dependently reduced 3H-thymidine incorporation. In contrast, glucagon at 10 and 100 pg/ml had a slight stimulatory effect on the incorporation, but only in the absence of butyrate.

Preliminary communication: Examination of the harmful effect to fetuses of fumonisin B1 in pregnant sows

Abstract: Three sows were fed a diet mixed with Fusarium moniliforme fungal culture from the 107th day of pregnancy until parturition. Fumonisin B 1 toxin was administered to two sows (sows 1 and 2) in a daily dose of 300 mg for an additional 7 days subsequent to parturition, i.e., for a total of 14-16 days. The third sow (No. 3) was given the toxin in the same daily dose only until parturition, i.e., for 7 days in total. There were no symptoms observed in any of the sows. Two piglets were taken from each of the three sows and sacrificed immediately after parturition, i.e., prior to the first suckling. After 24 h, two additional piglets were taken for slaughter from each of the litters, which by then had access to colostrum. Finally, on the 7th day postparturition another two piglets per litter were sacrificed and material obtained from them was processed for examination. It was established that fumonisin B 1 present in the Fusarium moniliforme culture resulted in damage to the fetuses in utero. Of the changes indicating toxic effect, intraalveolar, subpleural, and interstitial pulmonary edema of various degrees of severity could be detected in the piglets sacrificed immediately following parturition and before the first suckling. Pathological changes were observed in the histopathological sections of the liver, and increases in the activities of plasma aspartic acid transaminase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKLP), higher than physiological levels were detected. The serum-free sphinganine/sphingosine ratio, considered a bioindicator of fumonisin B 1 toxicosis, varied in accordance with the degree of severity of the changes which occurred. The values obtained were found to be between 0.29 and 0.36 in the cases of severe pulmonary edema, and between 0.20 and 0.24 for the cases of mild pulmonary edema. In the piglets of the sows fed the toxin for an additional 7 days subsequent to parturition and which were born with severe pulmonary edema, mild pulmonary edema could be detected after colostrum suckling, 24 h, and 7 days after parturition. The SA/SO value of the serum in these two piglets was 0.19 and 0.20, while at the same time AST, GGT, and ALKP values higher than physiological levels were measured. In the milk samples taken from sows 1 and 2 and examined after 24 h and after 7 days FB 1 was detected in quantities of 18.0-27.5 ppb. There were no changes observed on the seventh day in the piglets of the third sow, the diet of which contained no toxin after parturition. However, as the piglets of the third sow demonstrated only mild effects of pulmonary edema it is not possible to establish with certainty a postpartum cause-effect relationship between fumonisin in colostrum and pulmonary edema.