University of Veterinary Science

About: University of Veterinary Science is a education organization based out in Pyinmana, Myanmar. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Feed conversion ratio. The organization has 597 authors who have published 650 publications receiving 14262 citations.

Effects of Repeated Embryo Collection on Embryo Recovery Rate in Fertile Mares

Abstract: In mares, repeated embryo collection in successive oestrous cycles is necessary if a greater number of foals should be produced. We investigated effects of repeated embryo collection in fertile donor mares on embryo recovery rates. In addition, an influence of the individual mare and season on embryo recovery rates was studied. In nine mares, a total of 153 embryo collections were performed during 30 months (17 ± 2.2 embryo collections per mare). The overall embryo recovery rate was 64% and did not differ among mares. Between successive embryo collection procedures, recovery rate varied significantly; however, no increase or decrease in the embryo recovery rate with increasing number of successive embryo collections was seen. In three mares, ovulation ceased from November to February. In the remaining six mares, embryo production was successfully continued throughout winter and no influence of the month on embryo recovery rates was detected.

Studies on swine atrophic rhinitis. I. Investigations into the epizootiology, diagnosis, and specific prevention of the disease.

Abstract: Summary Epizootiological investigations of AR in three large pig herds affected with the disease showed that mixing of animals from different herds of origin for replacement or cross-breeding always involves the risk of precipitating an explosive outbreak of the disease. The degree of infection with Bordetella bronchiseptica is unrelated to clinical disease incidence at herd level, and agglutinin titres are very low in naturally infected animals, and so the available bacteriological and serological methods are of no diagnostic value. Immunization with a killed vaccine prepared from Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida strains was most successful when both sows and piglets were vaccinated. Vaccination does not prevent infection, but can considerably reduce the degree of infection, and thereby also the economic losses from the disease. The results of vaccination can be regarded as an indirect proof of the aetiological responsibility of Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida in AR. Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen uber die Rhinitis atrophicans der Schweine I. Epizootiologie, Diagnose und Bekampfung Epizootiologische Untersuchungen bei der Rhinitis atrophicans (RA) in drei grosen von der Erkrankung befallenen Schweinebestanden haben gezeigt, das eine Vermischung der Tiere aus verschiedenen Betrieben zum Zwecke der Kreuzung oder einfachen Nachzucht immer das Risiko eines explosionsartigen Ausbruchs der Erkrankung nach sich zieht. Das Ausmas der Infektion mit B. bronchiseptica korreliert nicht mit dem klinischen Vorkommen der Krankheit im Bestand. Die Agglutinationstiter sind bei naturlich infizierten Tieren sehr niedrig und deshalb sind die bakteriologischen und serologischen Methoden ohne diagnostischen Wert. Eine Immunisierung mit einem abgetoteten Impfstoff von B. bronchiseptica- und P. multocida-Stammen war dann erfolgreich, wenn Muttersauen und Ferkel geimpft wurden. Die Impfung kann die Infektion nicht verhindern, aber sie kann das Ausmas der Bestandserkrankung betrachtlich verringern und damit auch die okonomischen Verluste. Die Ergebnisse der Impfung konnen als ein indirekter Beweis fur die atiologische Verursachung der RA-Erkrankung durch B. bronchiseptica und P. multocida angesehen werden. Resume Recherches sur la rhinite atrophique du porc I. Epizootiologie, diagnostic et lutte Des recherches epizootiologiques sur la rhinite atrophique (RA) dans trois grandes exploitations porcines atteintes par la maladie ont montre qu'un melange des animaux provenant de differentes exploitations dans un but de croisement ou d'elevage simplement comporte toujours le risque de la maladie sous une forme explosive. La mesure de l'infection avec B. bronchiseptica n'est pas en correlation avec l'apparition clinique de la maladie dans l'exploitation. Les taux d'agglutination sont tres bas chez les animaux naturellement infectes et les methodes bacteriologiques et serologiques n'ont pas de valeur pour le diagnostic. Une immunisation avec un vaccin tue de souches de B. bronchiseptica et P. multocida fut valable lorsque les truies et les porcelets etaient vaccines. La vaccination ne peut pas empecher l'infection mais peut nettement diminuer l'etendue de la maladie dans l'exploitation et les pertes economiques qui en decoulent. Les resultats de la vaccination peuvent etre consideres comme une preuve indirecte de la presence de B. bronchiseptica et P. multocida dans l'etiologie de la rhinite atrophique. Resumen Estudios sobre la rinitis atrofica de los cerdos I. Epizootologia, diagnostico y lucha Los estudios epizootologicos sobre la rinitis atrofica (RA) en tres explotaciones porcinas grandes afectadas por la enfermedad han demostrado que la promiscuidad de los animales de haciendas diferentes, con el fin de que se crucen o simple recria, se halla ligada siempre al riesgo de un brote explosivo de la enfermedad. La magnitud de la infeccion con B. bronchiseptica no esta correlacionada con la presencia clinica de la enfermedad en el efectivo ganadero. Los titulos de aglutinacion son muy bajos en los animales infectados naturalmente y, por ello, los metodos bacteriologicos y serologicos no tienen valor diagnostico alguno. La inmunizacion con una vacuna muerta a base de estirpes de B. bronchiseptica y P. multocida resulto coronada por el exito cuando se aplico a las parideras y a los lechones. La vacunacion no es capaz de impedir la infeccion, mas puede reducir considerablemente las dimensiones de la enfermedad en el efectivo ganadero y, con ello tambien, las perdidas economicas. Los resultados obtenidos con la vacunacion se pueden considerar como demostracion indirecta de la vinculacion etiologica de la enfermedad RA a la B. bronchiseptica y a la P. multocida.

Some diagnostic features of the pathogenesis of bovine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) and serum biochemical changes after oral reinfection.

Abstract: Summary Ten bull-calves were infected with 108 viable cells of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis per os. During the 400-day period of observation faecal and blood samples were taken from animals at 30-day intervals. Faecal samples were examined microscopically, blood samples by the CFT, AGID and LST tests. Intradermal allergic tests were carried out at PI (post infection) days 92, 217, 336, using mammalian, avian and johnin PPD. In the period of study, these efficiency indices showed fluctuations characteristic of the given tests. In the period between PI day 160 and 400 fifteen biochemical parameters were measured monthly, TRP, ALP, TRIG and CHOL were reduced by day 400, pointing to disorders of digestion and absorption. Increased activities of CK, ALD, LDH, α-HBDH and ALT indicated skeletal muscle and/or liver damage in the first place. Serum CK, ALD activities and TRIG and TRP concentrations may serve as useful complementary values to the specific diagnosis of paratuberculosis, particularly in the advanced stage of the disease.

Impaired local deiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in dogs with symmetrical truncal alopecia.

Abstract: Thyroid dysfunction causes certain dermatological alterations in dogs. Insufficient delivery of thyroid hormone to the skin may originate not only from inadequate thyroid function but also from impaired local activation of thyroxine in the target organ. Thyroid parameters and deiodination were investigated in healthy dogs (group C) and in dogs with cutaneous lesions associated with hypothyroidism (group H) or with a low-T3 syndrome (group LT). The ability of the skin to convert T4 to T3 was impaired in both groups H and LT but not in the controls. It is concluded that impaired local deiodination may contribute to skin problems in dogs.

Intraspecific Phylogeny of the House Shrews, Suncus murinus-S. montanus Species Complex, Based on the Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene

Abstract: . A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene nucleotide sequences of 169 individuals of house shrews (Suncus murinus and S. montanus) from 44 localities in East Asia, Southeast Asia, West Asia, and islands in the western Indian Ocean. Shrews from China (Zhejiang), Japan (Okinawa), Vietnam, and Indonesia (Java) formed a monophyletic group with less genetic variation. Therefore, the shrews of these regions appeared to have originated from one or a few localities. Contrary to this, shrews from Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Pakistan consisted of several haplogroups. This finding suggests immigration movements to these areas. Fascinating findings were also obtained concerning the islands in the western Indian Ocean. First, shrews on Zanzibar Island (Tanzania) had almost the same haplotype as those in southwestern Iran. Therefore, the house shrew in Zanzibar may have immigrated from Iran (or vice versa). Second, shrews from Madagascar and Grande Comore Island shared the...