Showing papers by "University of Victoria published in 1968"
TL;DR: In this article, one can obtain one-step methods of arbitrarily high order which satisfy Dahlquist's requirements of a-stability, and the authors show how to obtain one step methods of arbitrary high order that satisfy these requirements.
Abstract: The following note shows how one can obtain one step methods of arbitrarily high order which satisfy Dahlquist's requirements ofA-stability. Although most of these methods appear at the moment to be largely of theoretical interest the author is working on several practical applications.
110 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the mere presence of a companion has no stimulus properties relevant to feeding, and that nonfeeding companions do peck, but when the amount of pecking was reduced by experimental means, an accompanying reduction did not occur in the subject's feeding behaviour.
Abstract: [1. Three experiments were reported on the problem of identifying the nature of the social stimulus in the feeding behaviour of domestic chicks. 2. The first experiment investigated the effects of restriction of subject and of the companion by a clear plastic barrier, and of the level of food deprivation of the companion, in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The results showed the companion's food deprivation to be important but not restriction. This result encouraged further use of the restricted condition in investigation of stimulus variables. 3. The second experiment showed a nonfeeding (but otherwise active) companion to have a facilitative effect upon feeding that is intermediate in magnitude between effects of no companion and of one who is feeding. 4. The third experiment partially replicated the result of the second and showed that a dead (merely present) companion in a sleeping posture had no effect upon the feeding of the subject. 5. The fourth experiment showed that nonfeeding companions do peck, but when the amount of pecking was reduced by experimental means, an accompanying reduction did not occur in the subject's feeding behaviour. Subjects with nonactive companions ate less than subjects with active, but not pecking, companions. 6. It was concluded that the mere presence of a companion has no stimulus properties relevant to feeding. The relevant stimuli appeared to fall into at least three categories: (a) physical contact with companion-which is probably only of very minor importance; (b) nonfeeding activity of companion; and (c) feeding activity of companion., 1. Three experiments were reported on the problem of identifying the nature of the social stimulus in the feeding behaviour of domestic chicks. 2. The first experiment investigated the effects of restriction of subject and of the companion by a clear plastic barrier, and of the level of food deprivation of the companion, in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The results showed the companion's food deprivation to be important but not restriction. This result encouraged further use of the restricted condition in investigation of stimulus variables. 3. The second experiment showed a nonfeeding (but otherwise active) companion to have a facilitative effect upon feeding that is intermediate in magnitude between effects of no companion and of one who is feeding. 4. The third experiment partially replicated the result of the second and showed that a dead (merely present) companion in a sleeping posture had no effect upon the feeding of the subject. 5. The fourth experiment showed that nonfeeding companions do peck, but when the amount of pecking was reduced by experimental means, an accompanying reduction did not occur in the subject's feeding behaviour. Subjects with nonactive companions ate less than subjects with active, but not pecking, companions. 6. It was concluded that the mere presence of a companion has no stimulus properties relevant to feeding. The relevant stimuli appeared to fall into at least three categories: (a) physical contact with companion-which is probably only of very minor importance; (b) nonfeeding activity of companion; and (c) feeding activity of companion.]
46 citations
TL;DR: The digestive tract enzymes of twelve species of bivalves are examined by means of starch gel (electrophoresis) and by histochemical methods, and there is an evolutionary trend towards more extracellular digestion.
43 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviews research and theoretical articles investigating psycholinguistic aspects of aphasia and the concept of regression in aphasic language both on a practical and theoretical level.
Abstract: This paper reviews research and theoretical articles investigating psycholinguistic aspects of aphasia. The major parts of the review include the concept of regression in aphasic language both on a...
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the potentials and field vectors for a two-dimensional magnetic field of multipolarity 2N were derived, and the usual results for quadrupoles (N=2), sextupoles (n=3) and octupoles(n=4) were obtained by substituting the appropriate value of N into the general equations.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of climatic variations on various aspects of agricultural production, and their effects on agricultural incomes are examined through the use of an agroclimatological model for several agricultural products in New Zealand.
Abstract: Recent studies relating to the human use of the atmosphere have emphasized the need for investigations into the economics of weather and climate. They reveal that little attention has been given by meteorologists to the non-scientific gains of their profession. Of the many gains, those affecting the agricultural community are of primary importance. The technique of assessing the gains associated with monetary variations in agricultural production is examined through the use of an “agroclimatological model” for several agricultural products in New Zealand. The most significant partial correlations were examined, the subsequent analysis indicating the importance of climatic variations on various aspects of agricultural production, and their effects on agricultural incomes. The major finding of the analysis is the significance of climatic factors in their influence on butterfat production, a “significant” climatic variation such as a “wet” January, for example, being “worth” about $N.Z. 2 million to...
13 citations
12 citations
TL;DR: The new, monotypic genus Neournula is distinguished from other genera of the Sarcoscyphaceae by its possession of non-gelatinous apothecia and verrucose ascospore ornamentation.
Abstract: SUMMARY The new, monotypic genus Neournula (type, Neournula nordmanensis sp. nov.) is described in the family Sarcoscyphaceae, tribe Urnuleae. Neournula is distinguished from other genera of the Sarcoscyphaceae by its possession of non-gelatinous apothecia and verrucose ascospores. The ascospore ornamentation stains in heated cotton blue. The ascus bases are blunt or lobed and each ascus is attached to the hypothecium by a narrow hypha. Neournula nordmanensis is saprophytic on conifer debris. It is known only from Idaho, Washington State, and British Columbia. The species has been cultured on a medium prepared by autoclaving a portion of its substrate in distilled water and adding agar to the resulting extract. In culture small, flat, black stromata are produced. There is no known conidial state.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a number of complex ions of Cr(III) have been separated by thin-layer chromatography in silica gel, alumina and cellulose, yielding the most acceptable results.
8 citations
TL;DR: The upsurge of anti-colonialism, loosely called "nationalism," in Africa since the end of World War II has given birth to many newly independent states and has notably increased the number of those which lack sea coasts.
Abstract: The upsurge of anti-colonialism, loosely called “nationalism,'’in Africa since the end of World War II has given birth to many newly independent states and has notably increased the number of those which lack sea coasts. Although African landlocked states have much in common with African coastal states, their economic difficulties are aggravated by their greater distance from seaports. They differ, too, from one another in their constitutions, in their experiences as colonies, in areal extent, in population numbers, and in stages of economic development. The land-locked states, however, are exposed to possible ill will of their better placed neighbors and, in so far as this may arise, the Organization of African Unity will be put to the test. Nevertheless, the present special difficulties of the land-locked African states arise not so much from their need to acquire access to the sea and world markets (for this has been accorded to them by bilateral agreements) as from the need to overcome their ...
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied time domain reflectometry to the h.r. of a stainless steel electrode in strong NaOH solutions and obtained an oscilloscope display which can be analyzed to give the capacity of the circuit which, if properly designed, is the edge of the working electrode.
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of quantitative estimation of mitotic activity employing a point-counting method was developed using squash techniques, which was carried out over 24-hour periods both in July and in February.
Abstract: A review of the literature indicated a lack of quantitative data on cell division in macroscopic algae in the laboratory and particularly in situ. By means of SCUBA techniques selected red algae were collected from their in situ location on a 24 h basis through the seasons of the year. The varied oceanographic and meteoro-logical conditions on the southern tip of Vancouver Island provided shore habitats of adequate contrast. Rhodomela larix was found to be a suitable test species for quantitative work, and differentials in mitotic activity in the growing parts of this plant were explored. Using squash techniques a method of quantitative estimation of mitotic activity employing a point-counting method was developed. It was found necessary to define the limits of mitotic phases in R. larix to facilitate quantitative analysis which was carried out over 24 h periods both in July and in February. Mitotic activity in R. larix showed a well-marked periodicity, although only the July data are statistically significant. The distribution of mitotic activity throughout the day was similar both in July and in February despite the dissimilarity of photo-period, temperature and tidal factors, which suggests the presence of a circadian rhythm. This preliminary work is being continued by further in situ investigations correlated with laboratory cultures under controlled environmental conditions.
TL;DR: Exposure increased feeding but independently of differences between singles and pairs, thus disconfirming the hypothesis that social facilitation of feeding among young domestic chicks could be accounted for by the disinhibitory effects of a companion’s presence.
Abstract: The hypothesis tested was that social facilitation of feeding among young domestic chicks could be accounted for by the disinhibitory effects of a companion’s presence. The hypothesis predicted that pre-exposure to the test environment will decrease the apparent facilitative effect of the companion. Sixty chicks were tested either as singles or pairs 24 h following either no exposure, exposure as singles or exposure as pairs. Exposure increased feeding but independently of differences between singles and pairs, thus disconfirming the hypothesis.
TL;DR: A new variety ofAspergillus f Fischeri, var.thermomutatus, is described, which differs from previously known varieties of A. fischeri in having many vesicles set at an angle to the conidiophore when cultures are incubated at 22° C.
Abstract: A new variety ofAspergillus fischeri, var.thermomutatus, is described. The new variety differs from previously known varieties ofA. fischeri in having many vesicles set at an angle to the conidiophore when cultures are incubated at 22° C. The vesicles are upright when cultures are incubated at 37° C. The ascigerous state is like that ofA. fischeri var.fischeri.
TL;DR: One hundred fruit flies were individually tested in a modified T maze, where a significantly large proportion of the Ss alternated by turning right at the free turn if the force had been left and vice versa.
Abstract: One hundred fruit flies were individually tested in a modified T maze. Each S made two successive 90 deg turns, the first one forced and the second one free or unrestricted. A significantly large proportion of the Ss alternated by turning right at the free turn if the force had been left and vice versa.
01 Oct 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the local group membership of the Milky Way system, the Triangulum galaxy, the Small Magellanic Cloud, and the irregular dwarf galaxy NGC 6822.
Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Local group membership 3. The Andromeda galaxy (M31) 4. The Milky Way system 5. The Triangulum galaxy (M33) 6. The Large Magellanic Cloud 7. The Small Magellanic Cloud 8. The elliptical galaxy M32 (= NGC 221) 9. The irregular dwarf galaxy NGC 6822 10. The starburst galaxy IC 10 11. Faint dwarf irregular galaxies 12. Spheroidal galaxies 13. The most luminous dwarf spheroidal galaxies 14. Dwarf spheroidals in the Andromeda subgroup 15. Faint dwarf spheroidals 16. The outer fringes of the Local Group 17. Intergalactic matter in the Local Group 18. Dynamical and physical evolution 19. Properties of the Local Group 20. Conclusions Glossary Bibliography Object index.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors outline types of research that are most urgently required in this connection and offer suggestions as to possible means of stimulating an expansion in the present research effort in this field.
Abstract: The emergence of three major problems has given rise to growing public concern about the atmosphere and an increasing desire to manage it like other natural resources. These problems relate to the mounting volume of air pollution, the rising toll of losses due to extreme weather events, and man's increasing ability to modify the weather. Such problems have brought into sharp focus the fact that our knowledge of the human impact of atmospheric variations is still quite limited, and has emphasized the need for a considerable acceleration in research relating to the economic, social, institutional, and ecological aspects of the management of atmospheric resources. This article outlines types of research that are most urgently required in this connection and offers suggestions as to possible means of stimulating an expansion in the present research effort in this field.
TL;DR: The evening-morning effect was observed at Victoria, British Columbia from February 1967 to February 1968 as discussed by the authors, where the Twilight Sodium Layer was the height of the twilight sodium layer at night.
Abstract: Height of the Twilight Sodium Layer: Evening–Morning Effect observed at Victoria, British Columbia, from February 1967 to February 1968
TL;DR: This paper describes a procedure suitable for standard, general-purpose analog computers for transporting beams of high-energy charged particles which must be transported from the accelerator to the experiments being performed.
Abstract: Particle accelerators produce beams of high-energy charged particles (protons, electrons, mesons, etc., depending on the circumstances) which must be transported from the accelerator to the experiments being performed. Magnetic fields are commonly used in the transport system to restrain the beams from colliding with vacuum chamber walls, to bend the beams around corners where necessary, to switch the beams between experiments, and to focus the beams on targets. These magnet systems are frequently designed by digital computers and less frequently by special-purpose analog computers 1,2 . This paper describes a procedure suitable for standard, general-purpose analog computers.*
TL;DR: Die Struktur des Terpens α-Dicarvelon wird endgültig aufgeklärt.
Abstract: Die Struktur des Terpens α-Dicarvelon wird endgültig aufgeklärt.