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Institution

University of Vienna

EducationVienna, Austria
About: University of Vienna is a education organization based out in Vienna, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 44686 authors who have published 95840 publications receiving 2907492 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 2003-Genetics
TL;DR: This work provides three lines of evidence that Mus81/Mms4 is not the major meiotic HJ resolvase in S. cerevisiae and reveals the existence of two distinct classes of crossovers in budding yeast.
Abstract: Current models for meiotic recombination require that crossovers derive from the resolution of a double-Holliday junction (dHJ) intermediate In prokaryotes, enzymes responsible for HJ resolution are well characterized but the identification of a eukaryotic nuclear HJ resolvase has been elusive Indirect evidence suggests that MUS81 from humans and fission yeast encodes a HJ resolvase We provide three lines of evidence that Mus81/Mms4 is not the major meiotic HJ resolvase in S cerevisiae: (1) MUS81/MMS4 is required to form only a distinct subset of crossovers; (2) rather than accumulating, dHJ intermediates are reduced in an mms4 mutant; and (3) expression of a bacterial HJ resolvase has no suppressive effect on mus81 meiotic phenotypes Our analysis also reveals the existence of two distinct classes of crossovers in budding yeast Class I is dependent upon MSH4/MSH5 and exhibits crossover interference, while class II is dependent upon MUS81/MMS4 and exhibits no interference mms4 specifically reduces crossing over on small chromosomes, which are known to undergo less interference The correlation between recombination rate and degree of interference to chromosome size may therefore be achieved by modulating the balance between class I/class II crossovers

386 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new method of measurement that essentially combines Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography with spectroscopy is introduced by use of a windowed Fourier transform to obtain spectroscopic information such as the absorption properties of materials.
Abstract: A new method of measurement that essentially combines Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography with spectroscopy is introduced. By use of a windowed Fourier transform it is possible to obtain, in addition to the object structure, spectroscopic information such as the absorption properties of materials. The feasibility of this new method for performing depth-resolved spectroscopy is demonstrated with a glass filter plate. The results are compared with theoretically calculated spectra by use of the well-known spectral characteristics of the light source and the filter plate.

386 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The focus of this overview lies on the anti-nociceptive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, penetration-enhancing, insect repellent, antiviral and antioxidative properties of essential oils.
Abstract: In the last few years more and more studies on the biological properties of essential oils have been published and it seemed worthwhile to compile the studies of 2009, 2008 and the second part of 2007. Such an overview covering the scientific literature mainly from 2000 onwards, up to the first half of the year 2007, has been published recently. The focus of this overview lies on the anti-nociceptive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, penetration-enhancing, insect repellent, antiviral and antioxidative properties of essential oils. Many essential oils have been used for centuries in folk medicine and in recent years the biological properties of various essential oils have been proved by a number of studies. Their use in the treatment of pain, inflammation, viral diseases and cancer and their potential to enhance the penetration of other drugs, their insect repellent activity and their antioxidative effects were confirmed. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to analyse the biological properties of other essential oils or to prove their mechanism of action. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

386 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To combine the promising DNA delivering activity of PEI with the concept of receptor-mediated gene delivery, cell-binding ligands (transferrin or antiCD3 antibody) were incorporated by covalent linkage to PEI.
Abstract: Recently the high transfection potential of the cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) was described (Boussif O et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 7297-7301). To combine the promising DNA delivering activity of PEI with the concept of receptor-mediated gene delivery, cell-binding ligands (transferrin or antiCD3 antibody) were incorporated by covalent linkage to PEI. DNA complexes of PEI or ligand-PEI conjugates were tested for transfection of cultured neuroblastoma Neuro 2A cells, melanoma B16 or H225 cells, erythroid leukemic K562 cells and T cell leukemia Jurkat E6.1 cells. Depending on the cell line, incorporation of the cell-binding ligand resulted in an up to 1000-fold increased transfection efficiency. This activity depends on ligand-receptor interaction and was observed also at low PEI cation:DNA anion ratios where ligand-free PEI lacks efficiency. Depending on the cell-binding ligand, specific targeting (CD3 antibody, Jurkat cells) can be achieved. Gene transfer can be augmented by the addition of an endosome-destabilizing influenza peptide, but is not dependent on the presence of additional endosomolytic agents. Application of transferrin-PEI for the production of murine interleukin-2 in B16 cells resulted in exceptionally high secretion rates of 19 micrograms IL-2 protein per 10(6) cells per 24 h.

386 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study extends previous models of social cognition and shows that although shared neural networks may underlie emotional understanding in some situations, an additional mechanism subserved by rSMG is needed to avoid biased social judgments in other situations.
Abstract: Humans tend to use the self as a reference point to perceive the world and gain information about other people's mental states. However, applying such a self-referential projection mechanism in situations where it is inappropriate can result in egocentrically biased judgments. To assess egocentricity bias in the emotional domain (EEB), we developed a novel visuo-tactile paradigm assessing the degree to which empathic judgments are biased by one's own emotions if they are incongruent to those of the person we empathize with. A first behavioral experiment confirmed the existence of such EEB, and two independent fMRI experiments revealed that overcoming biased empathic judgments is associated with increased activation in the right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG), in a location distinct from activations in right temporoparietal junction reported in previous social cognition studies. Using temporary disruption of rSMG with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation resulted in a substantial increase of EEB, and so did reducing visuo-tactile stimulation time as shown in an additional behavioral experiment. Our findings provide converging evidence from multiple methods and experiments that rSMG is crucial for overcoming emotional egocentricity. Effective connectivity analyses suggest that this may be achieved by early perceptual regulation processes disambiguating proprioceptive first-person information (touch) from exteroceptive third-person information (vision) during incongruency between self- and other-related affective states. Our study extends previous models of social cognition. It shows that although shared neural networks may underlie emotional understanding in some situations, an additional mechanism subserved by rSMG is needed to avoid biased social judgments in other situations.

385 citations


Authors

Showing all 45262 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Tomas Hökfelt158103395979
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
Hans Lassmann15572479933
Stanley J. Korsmeyer151316113691
Charles B. Nemeroff14997990426
Martin A. Nowak14859194394
Barton F. Haynes14491179014
Yi Yang143245692268
Peter Palese13252657882
Gérald Simonneau13058790006
Peter M. Elias12758149825
Erwin F. Wagner12537559688
Anton Zeilinger12563171013
Wolfgang Waltenberger12585475841
Michael Wagner12435154251
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023419
20221,085
20214,479
20204,533
20194,225