Institution
University of Vienna
Education•Vienna, Austria•
About: University of Vienna is a education organization based out in Vienna, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 44686 authors who have published 95840 publications receiving 2907492 citations.
Topics: Population, Stars, Galaxy, Transplantation, Crystal structure
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The question of whether the linearity of quantum mechanics extends into the macroscopic domain has been studied for decades as discussed by the authors, and it is an open question whether this debate may be settled by table-top experiments.
Abstract: Quantum physics has intrigued scientists and philosophers alike, because it challenges our notions of reality and locality — concepts that we have grown to rely on in our macroscopic world. It is an intriguing open question whether the linearity of quantum mechanics extends into the macroscopic domain. Scientific progress over the past decades inspires hope that this debate may be settled by table-top experiments. Testing the limits of the quantum mechanical description of nature has become a subject of intense experimental interest. Recent advances in investigating macroscopic quantum superpositions are pushing these limits.
365 citations
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University of Toronto1, Erasmus University Rotterdam2, Pomeranian Medical University3, Creighton University4, Université de Montréal5, University of Oslo6, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center7, Georgetown University8, University of Pennsylvania9, Sheba Medical Center10, Rambam Health Care Campus11, Clalit Health Services12, University of Vienna13, Fox Chase Cancer Center14, Harvard University15, University of Utah16, Lund University17, St Mary's Hospital18, McGill University19, University of British Columbia20, University of Chicago21, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center22, City of Hope National Medical Center23, University of Michigan24, Curie Institute25
TL;DR: Among BRCA1 mutation carriers, women who first used oral contraceptives before 1975, who used them before age 30, or who use them for 5 or more years may have an increased risk of early-onset breast cancer.
Abstract: Background: Oral contraceptive use has been associated with an increase in the risk of breast cancer in young women. We examined whether this association is seen in women at high risk of breast cancer because they carry a mutation in one of two breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2. Methods: We performed a matched case-control study on 1311 pairs of women with known deleterious BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations recruited from 52 centers in 11 countries. Women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer were matched to control subjects by year of birth, country of residence, mutation (BRCA1 or BRCA2), and history of ovarian cancer. All study subjects completed a questionnaire about oral contraceptive use. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by conditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among BRCA2 mutation carriers, ever use of oral contraceptives was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.72 to 1.24). For BRCAI mutation carriers, ever use of oral contraceptives was associated With a modestly increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.20, 95 % CI = 1.02 to 1.40). However, compared with BRCA1 mutation carriers who never used oral contraceptives, those who used oral contraceptives for at least 5 years had an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.60), as did those who used oral contraceptives before age 30 (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.52), those who were diagnosed with breast cancer before age 40 (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.72), and those who first used oral contraceptives before 1975 (OR = 1.42, 95 % CI = 1.17 to 1.75). Conclusions: Among BRCA1 mutation carriers, women who first used oral contraceptives before 1975, who used them before age 30, or who used them for 5 or more years may have an increased risk of early-onset breast cancer. Oral contraceptives do not appear to be associated with risk of breast cancer in BRCA2 carriers, but data for BRCA2 carriers are limited.
365 citations
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TL;DR: Although these antibodies may preferentially recognize citrullinated antigens, the modest degree of concordance between them in individual patient sera suggests that it is unlikely a single antigen is involved in generating these responses.
Abstract: An inception cohort of 238 patients having peripheral joint synovitis of less than 12 months duration was evaluated clinically and followed prospectively for 1 year to determine the clinical significance of a number of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated autoantibodies. Serum samples collected at the time of the initial evaluation were tested for rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies to Sa (anti-Sa), RA-33, (pro)filaggrin [antifilaggrin antibody (AFA)], cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), calpastatin, and keratin [antikeratin antibody (AKA)]. RF had a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 87% for RA. Anti-Sa, AFA, and anti-CCP all had a specificity of more than 90%, but a sensitivity of less than 50% for this diagnosis. Overall, there was a high degree of correlation between AFA, AKA, anti-Sa or anti-CCP, this being highest between anti-Sa and anti-CCP (odds ratio, 13.3; P < 0.001). Of the 101 patients who were positive for at least one of these four autoantibodies, 57% were positive for only one. Finally, anti-SA identified a subset of predominantly male RA patients with severe, erosive disease. Anti-SA, AFA and anti-CCP are all specific for early RA but, overall, have little additional diagnostic value over RF alone. Although these antibodies may preferentially recognize citrullinated antigens, the modest degree of concordance between them in individual patient sera suggests that it is unlikely a single antigen is involved in generating these responses.
365 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a converged ab initio calculation of the optical absorption spectra of single-layer, double-layer and bulk MoS was presented, where the authors explicitly include spin-orbit coupling, using the full spinorial Kohn-Sham wave functions as input.
Abstract: We present converged ab initio calculations of the optical absorption spectra of single-layer, double-layer, and bulk MoS${}_{2}$. Both the quasiparticle-energy calculations (on the level of the GW approximation ) and the calculation of the absorption spectra (on the level of the Bethe-Salpeter equation) explicitly include spin-orbit coupling, using the full spinorial Kohn-Sham wave functions as input. Without excitonic effects, the absorption spectra would have the form of a step function, corresponding to the joint density of states of a parabolic band dispersion in two dimensions. This profile is deformed by a pronounced bound excitonic peak below the continuum onset. The peak is split by spin-orbit interaction in the case of single-layer and (mostly) by interlayer interaction in the case of double-layer and bulk MoS${}_{2}$. The resulting absorption spectra are thus very similar in the three cases, but the interpretation of the spectra is different. Differences in the spectra can be seen in the shape of the absorption spectra at 3 eV where the spectra of the single and double layers are dominated by a strongly bound exciton.
364 citations
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Radboud University Nijmegen1, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center2, Spanish National Research Council3, Utrecht University4, VU University Amsterdam5, Leiden University6, University of California, Los Angeles7, Charité8, University of Cologne9, Autonomous University of Barcelona10, University of Brescia11, Newcastle University12, University of Manchester13, Lund University14, Ghent University15, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven16, University of Glasgow17, University of Antwerp18, Ruhr University Bochum19, University of Vienna20, Karolinska Institutet21, University of Milan22, University of Oslo23, Complutense University of Madrid24, Northwestern University25, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research26, Johns Hopkins University27, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center28, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston29
TL;DR: The first genome-wide association study in a population of European ancestry including a total of 2,296 individuals with SSc and 5,171 controls identified a new susceptibility locus for systemic sclerosis at CD247 (1q22–23, rs2056626).
Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs that leads to profound disability and premature death. To identify new SSc susceptibility loci, we conducted the first genome-wide association study in a population of European ancestry including a total of 2,296 individuals with SSc and 5,171 controls. Analysis of 279,621 autosomal SNPs followed by replication testing in an independent case-control set of European ancestry (2,753 individuals with SSc (cases) and 4,569 controls) identified a new susceptibility locus for systemic sclerosis at CD247 (1q22-23, rs2056626, P = 2.09 x 10(-7) in the discovery samples, P = 3.39 x 10(-9) in the combined analysis). Additionally, we confirm and firmly establish the role of the MHC (P = 2.31 x 10(-18)), IRF5 (P = 1.86 x 10(-13)) and STAT4 (P = 3.37 x 10(-9)) gene regions as SSc genetic risk factors.
364 citations
Authors
Showing all 45262 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
Hans Lassmann | 155 | 724 | 79933 |
Stanley J. Korsmeyer | 151 | 316 | 113691 |
Charles B. Nemeroff | 149 | 979 | 90426 |
Martin A. Nowak | 148 | 591 | 94394 |
Barton F. Haynes | 144 | 911 | 79014 |
Yi Yang | 143 | 2456 | 92268 |
Peter Palese | 132 | 526 | 57882 |
Gérald Simonneau | 130 | 587 | 90006 |
Peter M. Elias | 127 | 581 | 49825 |
Erwin F. Wagner | 125 | 375 | 59688 |
Anton Zeilinger | 125 | 631 | 71013 |
Wolfgang Waltenberger | 125 | 854 | 75841 |
Michael Wagner | 124 | 351 | 54251 |