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Institution

University of Vienna

EducationVienna, Austria
About: University of Vienna is a education organization based out in Vienna, Austria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Stars. The organization has 44686 authors who have published 95840 publications receiving 2907492 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
03 Jun 2005-Science
TL;DR: It is proposed that the same building blocks can be found on the surfaces of bulk oxides, such as the reduced corundum (0001) surface, which is a wide-gap insulator.
Abstract: The well-ordered aluminum oxide film formed by oxidation of the NiAl(110) surface is the most intensely studied metal surface oxide, but its structure was previously unknown. We determined the structure by extensive ab initio modeling and scanning tunneling microscopy experiments. Because the topmost aluminum atoms are pyramidally and tetrahedrally coordinated, the surface is different from all Al2O3 bulk phases. The film is a wide-gap insulator, although the overall stoichiometry of the film is not Al2O3 but Al10O13. We propose that the same building blocks can be found on the surfaces of bulk oxides, such as the reduced corundum (0001) surface.

333 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recurrent nerve dissection significantly reduces the risk of RLNI and facilitates visual control of nerve integrity during resection and is therefore superior to a more limited exposure of the nerve.
Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of recurrent nerve dissection on the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (RLNI) and to analyze the performance of individual surgeons.Summary Background DataDissection of the recurrent nerve is mandatory in total thyroidectomy, but its relative merit in less

332 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A combination of factors must be taken into account to estimate a critically ill cancer patient's prognosis in the ICU, and the APACHE III scoring system alone should not be used to make decisions about therapy prolongation.
Abstract: Objective To assess survival in cancer patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with respect to the nature of malignancy, cause of ICU admittance, and course during ICU stay as well as to evaluate the prognostic value of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III score. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting ICU at a university cancer referral center. Patients A total of 414 cancer patients admitted to the ICU during a period of 66 months. Interventions None. Measurements Charts of the patients were analyzed with respect to underlying disease, cause of admission, APACHE III score, need and duration of mechanical ventilation, neutropenia and development of septic shock, as well as ICU survival and survival after discharge. Mortality data were compared with two control groups: 1362 patients admitted to our ICU suffering from diseases other than cancer and 2,776 cancer patients not admitted to the ICU. Main results ICU survival was 53%, and 1-yr survival was 23%. The 1-yr mortality rate was significantly lower in both control groups. Patients admitted after bone marrow transplantation had the highest mortality. In a multivariate analysis, prognosis was negatively influenced by respiratory insufficiency, the need of mechanical ventilation, and development of septic shock during the ICU stay. Admission after cardiopulmonary resuscitation yielded high ICU mortality but a relatively good long-term prognosis. Admission after surgery and as a result of acute hemorrhage was associated with a good prognosis. Age, neutropenia, and underlying disease did not influence outcome significantly. Admission APACHE III scores were significantly higher in nonsurvivors but failed to predict individual outcome satisfactorily. All patients with APACHE III scores of >80 died at the ICU. Conclusion A combination of factors must be taken into account to estimate a critically ill cancer patient's prognosis in the ICU. The APACHE III scoring system alone should not be used to make decisions about therapy prolongation. Admission to the ICU worsens the prognosis of a cancer patient substantially; however, as ICU mortality is 47%, comparable with severely ill noncancer patients, general reluctance to admit cancer patients to an ICU does not seem to be justified.

332 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors argue that the focus on meaning rather than on form leads to issues about context, community, and authentic language that lie at the heart of language pedagogy, and a critical look at this slogan reveals a fundamental conceptual confusion.
Abstract: * The TESOL community, like any other, needs the stimulus of innovation to keep it going. Although we as TESOL professionals say that we should not make changes for their own sake, we do make them for the sake of demonstrating that we are still dynamic, and for this purpose even the appearance of change will do. And this is why old ideas keep coming back with the veneer of novelty. But we do not want changes to be too disruptive either. It is preferable for our sense of security that they should be easily assimilated, and one way of managing this is to reduce ideas to simple terms that sound good: comprehensible input, natural learning, authentic language, real English. These become a kind of catchphrase currency whose value is taken for granted without further enquiry. And thus we become slogan prone. There is one slogan in particular that I would like to question. It is often used as a handy shorthand for what communicative language teaching stands for. The slogan is focus on meaning rather than on form. A critical look at this slogan reveals a fundamental conceptual confusion, and a consideration of that confusion leads to issues about context, community, and authentic language that I believe lie at the heart of language pedagogy.

332 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: The authors analyzed the determinants of opposition to biotechnology and pharmaceutical patents granted by the European Patent Office between 1978-96 and showed that valuable patents are more likely to be attacked and that opposition is particularly frequent in areas with strong cumulative patent numbers and with high technical or market uncertainty.
Abstract: We analyse the determinants of opposition to biotechnology and pharmaceutical patents granted by the European Patent Office between 1978-96. Opposition can be considered an early form of patent validity challenge suit. In our sample, 8.6% of the patents are attacked in opposition proceedings. Using citation and patent family indicators we show that valuable patents are more likely to be attacked, and that opposition is particularly frequent in areas with strong cumulative patent numbers and with high technical or market uncertainty. We comment on the implications of these results for the design of the patent and litigation system.

332 citations


Authors

Showing all 45262 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Tomas Hökfelt158103395979
Wolfgang Wagner1562342123391
Hans Lassmann15572479933
Stanley J. Korsmeyer151316113691
Charles B. Nemeroff14997990426
Martin A. Nowak14859194394
Barton F. Haynes14491179014
Yi Yang143245692268
Peter Palese13252657882
Gérald Simonneau13058790006
Peter M. Elias12758149825
Erwin F. Wagner12537559688
Anton Zeilinger12563171013
Wolfgang Waltenberger12585475841
Michael Wagner12435154251
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023419
20221,085
20214,479
20204,533
20194,225