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Institution

University of Virginia

EducationCharlottesville, Virginia, United States
About: University of Virginia is a education organization based out in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 52543 authors who have published 113268 publications receiving 5220506 citations. The organization is also known as: U of V & UVa.


Papers
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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) as discussed by the authors is a short 8-item summary survey of the person's self-perceived functioning in important areas such as relationships, self-esteem, purpose and meaning, and optimism.
Abstract: We present new measures of well-being to assess the following concepts: 1. Psychological Well-Being (PWB); 2. Positive Feelings, Negative Feelings, and the balance between the two (SPANE-P, N, B); and 3. Positive Thinking. The PWB scale is a short 8–item summary survey of the person’s self-perceived functioning in important areas such as relationships, self-esteem, purpose and meaning, and optimism. The scale is substantially correlated with other psychological well-being scales, but is briefer. The scale provides a single overall psychological well-being score and does not yield scores for various components of well-being. The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) yields a score for positive experience and feelings (6 items), a score for negative experience and feelings (6 items), and the two can be combined to create an experience balance score. This 12-item brief scale has a number of desirable features compared to earlier measures of positive and negative feelings. In particular, the scale assesses with a few items a broad range of negative and positive experiences and feelings, not just those of a certain type, and is based on the frequency of feelings during the past month. A scale to measure Positive Thinking is also presented. Basic psychometric statistics are presented for the scales based on 573 college students at five universities.

711 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: With the exception of a systematic decrease in velocity at speeds of 300°/s and higher, the Biodex System 3 performed with acceptable mechanical reliability and validity on all variables tested.
Abstract: This study quantitatively assessed the mechanical reliability and validity of position, torque and velocity measurements of the Biodex System 3 isokinetic dynamometer. Trial-to-trial and day-to-day reliability were assessed during three trials on two separate days. To assess instrument validity, measurement of each variable using the Biodex System 3 dynamometer was compared to a criterion measure of position, torque and velocity. Position was assessed at 5° increments across the available range of motion of the dynamometer. Torque measures were assessed isometrically by hanging six different calibrated weights from the lever arm. Velocity was assessed (30°/s to 500°/s) across a 70° arc of motion by manually accelerating the weighted lever arm. With the exception of a systematic decrease in velocity at speeds of 300°/s and higher, the Biodex System 3 performed with acceptable mechanical reliability and validity on all variables tested.

708 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Dec 2002-Science
TL;DR: Sulfur isotope fractionation experiments on marine and freshwater sulfate reducers, together with the isotope record, imply that oceanic Archean sulfate concentrations were less than one-hundredth of present marine sulfate levels and one-fifth of what was previously thought.
Abstract: The size of the marine sulfate reservoir has grown through Earth9s history, reflecting the accumulation of oxygen into the atmosphere. Sulfur isotope fractionation experiments on marine and freshwater sulfate reducers, together with the isotope record, imply that oceanic Archean sulfate concentrations were

708 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: For almost 50 years, following the trail of issues raised by economists such as Hayek, Schumpeter, Kirzner, and Arrow, researchers have studied the economics of technological change and the problem of allocation of resources for invention (invention being the production of information).
Abstract: For almost 50 years now, following the trail of issues raised by economists such as Hayek, Schumpeter, Kirzner, and Arrow, researchers have studied the economics of technological change and the problem of allocation of resources for invention (invention being the production of information). The bulk of this literature simply assumes that new technical information will either be traded as a commodity or become embodied in products and services (hereafter called “economic goods”), without addressing any specific mechanisms or processes for the transformation of new information into new economic goods or new economic entities (such as new firms and new markets). It is inside this gap that we begin our quest for the concept of an “entrepreneurial opportunity.”

707 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: In this article, private signals are drawn from an unobserved urn and subjects make predictions in sequence and are paid if they correctly guess which of two urns was used for the draws.
Abstract: When a series of individuals with private information announce public predictions, initial conformity can create an "information cascade" in which later predictions match the early announcements. This paper reports an experiment in which private signals are drawn from an unobserved urn. Subjects make predictions in sequence and are paid if they correctly guess which of two urns was used for the draws. If initial decisions coincide, then it is rational for subsequent decision makers to follow the established pattern, regardless of their private information. Rational cascades formed in most periods in which such an imbalance occurred.

707 citations


Authors

Showing all 53083 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Joan Massagué189408149951
Michael Rutter188676151592
Gordon B. Mills1871273186451
Ralph Weissleder1841160142508
Gonçalo R. Abecasis179595230323
Jie Zhang1784857221720
John R. Yates1771036129029
John A. Rogers1771341127390
Bradley Cox1692150156200
Mika Kivimäki1661515141468
Hongfang Liu1662356156290
Carl W. Cotman165809105323
Ralph A. DeFronzo160759132993
Elio Riboli1581136110499
Dan R. Littman157426107164
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023189
2022783
20215,565
20205,600
20195,001
20184,586