Showing papers by "University of Warsaw published in 1984"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors search for ν μ oscillations by comparing the rates of ν gm charged-current interactions in two detectors located 130 and 885 m from the target, which was struck by a 92 GeV/c proton beam from the CERN Proton Synchroton.
302 citations
249 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, all classical solutions of zero energy in supersymmetric Kaluza-Klein theory with vanishing fermion fields were found, and all the classical solutions for zero energy with vanishing Fermion Fields were analyzed.
240 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Strutinsky-type potential-energy calculations are performed using various models for the microscopic as well as macroscopic energy terms, and the following conclusions are nearly model-independent: Ra-Th nuclei around A ⋍ 225 have ground-state equilibrium shapes with both quadrupole and octupole deformation; nuclei in the heavy barium region are just barely unstable with respect to octupoles distortion of the quadrupoles; and lighter nuclei are stable with regard to octupside deformation, albeit softness occurs e.
235 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the finite difference technique can be used to transform some important linear distributed processes described by partial differential equations into so-called Roesser discrete state-space models.
192 citations
TL;DR: A statistical perturbation scheme to protect a statistical database against compromise is proposed and it is shown that if the statistician is given absolute error guarantees, then a compromise is possible, but the cost is made exponential in the size of the database.
Abstract: This note proposes a statistical perturbation scheme to protect a statistical database against compromise. The proposed scheme can handle the security of numerical as well as nonnumerical sensitive fields. Furthermore, knowledge of some records in a database does not help to compromise unknown records. We use Chebyshev's inequality to analyze the trade-offs among the magnitude of the perturbations, the error incurred by statistical queries, and the size of the query set to which they apply. We show that if the statistician is given absolute error guarantees, then a compromise is possible, but the cost is made exponential in the size of the database.
174 citations
TL;DR: The herbivorous fish studied were found to be relatively efficient grazers but inefficient assimilators, thus they play a significant role in initiating the internal, biologically mobilized, nutrient sources.
Abstract: Studies of the plant contribution to the food of fish in eutrophic lakes in Poland show that roach (Rutilus rutilus) and rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), which frequently dominate in biomass and numbers, are the main plant consumers. Submerged macrophytes and filamentous algae are the most important plant food. The fish examined feed selectively on macrophytes and show a preference for species with low cost/ benefit ratio. The variability of plant ingestion according to temperature and the size of fish is discussed, and estimates of the annual consumption of algae and macrophytes by fish in the lakes examined are given. The possibility and effectiveness of mechanical and enzymatic processing of the ingested plants are presented. Qualitative and quantitative descriptions of faeces as well as their possible impact on the lake system are given. The herbivorous fish studied were found to be relatively efficient grazers but inefficient assimilators, thus they play a significant role in initiating the internal, biologically mobilized, nutrient sources.
128 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that in the class E high-efficiency switchingmode tuned power amplifier, the output amplitude is almost exactly a linear function of the collector dc supply voltage, since conduction angles and wave shapes are not changed by the DC supply voltage.
Abstract: In the class E high-efficiency switching-mode tuned power amplifier, the RF output amplitude is almost exactly a linear function of the collector dc supply voltage, since conduction angles and wave shapes are not changed by the dc supply voltage. Thus the RF output can be amplitude-modulated by varying the dc supply voltage in accordance with desired amplitude-modulation (AM) envelope. Deviations from the ideal linear modulation characteristic are caused by: transistor saturation voltage; RF feedthrough from the driver via C_{cb} ; nonunity transmission of the ac modulating signal into the amplifier through the nonzero inductance of the collector shuntfeed RF choke; and differences in the magnitudes and delay times, of the RF transmission function through the RF output network, of three different frequencies: lower sideband, carrier, and upper sideband. Design criteria are given, to hold the modulation distortion below a limit chosen by the designer. Experimental results agree well with analytical predictions. Distortion of the modulation envelope can easily be held below 1 percent.
105 citations
TL;DR: The theory of Lexical Phonology proposed in Kiparsky (i982a) is a major step forward in generative phonology with respect to the problem of the interaction of phonology and morphology.
Abstract: The theory of Lexical Phonology proposed in Kiparsky (1982a) is a major step forward in generative phonology with respect to the problem of the interaction of phonology and morphology. Its basic claim is that morphological rules and word level phonological rules are interspersed. A rule of word phonology (i.e. a lexical phonological rule, which exclusively applies within words) may apply as soon as the required environment for its application has been created by some morphological rule. That is: ‘morphology and phonology go hand in hand’.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a notion of uniform convexity is defined for quasi-normed (complex) spaces by replacing norms of midpoints of segments in the space by norms of centers of complex discs.
91 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Brillouin-like function was used to obtain the s-d exchange constants in Zn 1−x Mn x Se : N o α = 0.26 eV, N o β = −1.31 eV.
TL;DR: In this article, it was found that the distribution, frequency and presence of submerged macrophytes in Lake Mikolajskie are all affected by eutrophication, and that the area occupied in the littoral zone has been reduced markedly and the lake has changed from a Chara-type to Potamogeton-type lake.
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for the two-stage removal of nitrogen from highly loaded nitrogenous wastewaters carrying varying proportions of nitrates, nitrites and ammonium is presented.
TL;DR: Results of field sampling and experiments suggest a strategy enabling Cyclops abyssorum tatricus to be the sole crustacean survivor in alpine lakes stocked with brook char, as well as the absence of cladocerans which would otherwise compete with Cyclops nauplii for scarce food resources, ensure the survival of this planktonic crustaceans.
Abstract: Results of field sampling and experiments suggest a strategy enabling Cyclops abyssorum tatricus to be the sole crustacean survivor in alpine lakes stocked with brook char. Reproductive pattern and population spatial distribution, egg resistance to char digestive enzymes, as well as the absence of cladocerans which would otherwise compete with Cyclops nauplii for scarce food resources, all ensure the survival of this planktonic crustacean. Most of the lakes in the Tatra Mountains, a granite rocky formation on the border of Poland and Czechoslovakia, were fish-free until the end of the 19th century when stocking with salmonid fingerlings was first begun. Some lakes remained fishless until 1950-1960 and some are fishless even now. The introduction of salmonids to the Tatra lakes caused a drastic change in their zooplankton communities which has been well documented both by comparing plankton samples collected since 188 1 and by the paleolimnological analyses of sediment cores (Gliwicz 1963, 1967, 1980). Cladocerans and most copepod species disappeared, while two rotifer species, Keratella quadrata (Ehrbg.) and Polyarthra dolichoptera Idelson, increased in numbers. Only one crustacean planktonic species, Cyclops abyssorum tatricus (Kozm.), has remained surprisingly unaffected and still persists in high densities despite the fact that it is eaten by the fish. The difference between the planktonic crustacean communities of the Tatra lakes before and after stocking is similar to the difference found between the communities in lakes which are presently fish-free (lake W) and stocked with fish (lakes P, Z, and C) in Table 1 and on Fig. 1. Extinction of cladocerans becomes evident a few years after a major stocking. The same species, C. a. tatricus, K. quadrata, and P. dolichoptera, are found to be
TL;DR: In this article, a strong (about 80 meV) exchange splitting of the exciton was observed for magnetic fields up to B = 5T at T = 2.2 K and 4.2K for B < 15T on the same samples that were optically tested.
TL;DR: Both physicochemical and enzymatic criteria were employed to formulate mechanisms for the photooxidation of NADH and the photodisproportionation of the dimer (NAD)2.
TL;DR: In this article, Schmidt and Ruedenberg investigated the use of different Gaussian basis sets for reproducing the tail region of the SCF wavefunctions employed in calculations of the exchange-repulsion effect.
Abstract: Usefulness of different Gaussian basis sets for reproducing the “tail” region of the SCF wavefunctions employed in calculations of the exchange-repulsion effect is investigated for the model He-He interaction. It has been shown that extension of the monomer-centered basis set in the scheme of regularized even-tempered basis sets [M. W. Schmidt and K. Ruedenberg, J. Chem. Phys. 71, 3951 (1979)] can be more efficient than augmentation of the fully energy-optimized basis set with diffuse basis functions. It has been also found that Landshoff term vanishes and the “tail” region is well reproduced if monomer wavefunctions are calculated with the basis set of the dimer.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors recall some of the essential properties of the classical Darboux transformation and establish its equivalence with the dressing method, which can elucidate and co-ordinate different notions existing in the literature, such as the Backlund transformation, which, although being different, are nevertheless related to one another.
Abstract: In this paper we recall some of the essential properties of the classical Darboux transformation and establish its equivalence with the dressing method. In this way we can elucidate and co-ordinate different notions existing in the literature, like Darboux matrix, Darboux transformation and Backlund transformation, which, although being different, are nevertheless related to one another. As an example we are then able to construct a strict analogue of the classical Darboux transformation for the Zakharov-Shabath-AKNS spectral problem.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that all rational design activities are expressible as a combination of canonical steps, and that a design step contains a degree of unconstrained, creative invention and a calculable part which is the actual transformation effected.
Abstract: Software design - from 'topmost' specification down to final implementation - is viewed as a chain of uniform steps, each step being a transformation between two linguistic levels. A canonical form of the step is discussed and it is argued that all rational design activities are expressible as a combination of canonical steps. The role of backtracking in software design is explained and a mechanism for introducing changes, both indigeneous and exogeneous, is proposed, again entirely by a combination of canonical steps. The main tenet of the 'canonical step approach' is that a design step contains a degree of unconstrained, creative invention and a calculable part which is the actual transformation effected.
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analysed version of the model derived from the simulation of the response of the immune system to the attacks of infectious disease.
Abstract: W: ICS PAS Reports 441/81, pages 1-15. Institute of Computer Science Polish Academy of Sciences (ICS PAS), Warsaw, Poland, 1981
TL;DR: In this paper, a copper-wire electrode is shown to give reproducible response when metal ion solutions in the concentration range 6.0×10−5-1.0 ×10−3M are injected into a phosphate buffer stream containing EDTA.
Abstract: A copper-wire electrode is shown to give reproducible response when metal ion solutions in the concentration range 6.0×10−5–1.0×10−3M are injected into a phosphate buffer stream containing EDTA. Injections of Mg, Ca, Pb, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Ba, and Zn give peak heights dependent on both the metal ion and EDTA concentrations, allowing determination of either single metals or possibly multi-element determination after HPLC separations.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that there exists nonadaptive information which is as powerful as adaptive information for approximation of linear problems in a separable Hilbert space equipped with a probability measure μ.
Abstract: We study adaptive information for approximation of linear problems in a separable Hilbert space equipped with a probability measure μ. It is known that adaption does not help in the worst case for linear problems. We prove that adaption also doesnot help on the average. That is, there exists nonadaptive information which is as powerful as adaptive information. This result holds for "orthogonally invariant" measures. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a measure to be orthogonally invariant. Examples of orthogonally invariant measures include Gaussian measures and, in the finite dimensional case, weighted Lebesgue measures.
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to report on the progress made in the System and Decision Sciences research group at IIASA on the development of the decision support system DIDASS, based on methodology derived from the paradigm of satisficing decision making and the methodology of linear and nonlinear programming.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to report on the progress made in the System and Decision Sciences (SDS) research group at IIASA on the development of the decision support system DIDASS (Dynamic Interactive Decision Analysis and Support System). This system is based on methodology derived from the paradigm of satisficing decision making and the methodology of linear and nonlinear programming. The mathematical background to this approach (based on aspiration formation and the concept of scalarizing functions) is outlined in Section 2. Methods of implementation and computational aspects are discussed in Section 3. The fourth section summarizes three applications of DIDASS, and the paper ends with some conclusions.
TL;DR: Analyses of 1H and 13C NMR spectra have been utilized to extend studies on the dynamic equilibrium syn-anti about the glycosidic bond of purine nucleosides and nucleotides, and the results are compared with those derived from measurements of proton relaxation times and the Overhauser effect.
Abstract: Analyses of 1H and 13C NMR spectra have been utilized to extend studies on the dynamic equilibrium syn–anti about the glycosidic bond of purine nucleosides and nucleotides. With the aid of chemically synthesized model analogous in fixed syn and anti conformations, and the introduction of appropriate corrections for the conformation of the exocyclic chain of the sugar moiety, it is possible to evaluate quantitatively the relative populations of the syn and anti conformers from the experimentally observed chemical shifts of H(2′) and C(2′). The resulting agreement between the data based on H(2′) chemical shifts with those deduced from C(2′) chemical shifts extends the validity of this procedure, and furnishes more accurate results than those previously based on uncorrected H(2′) chemical shifts alone. The overall findings are briefly compared with those derived from measurements of proton relaxation times and the Overhauser effect, as well as by X-ray diffraction in the solid state. Attention is drawn to the potential utility of the results, including chemical shift data, in studies on interactions of nucleosides and nucleotides with appropriate enzyme systems.
TL;DR: In this article, the isometry group of the pp wave solution of D = 11 supergravity was studied and explicitly the Killing spinors were found in the space-time of the wave.
TL;DR: It is suggested that, contrary to previous researchers' assumptions, direct changes in blood glucose levels immediately following the administration of either glucose or insulin should not be treated as the unconditioned response.
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt was made to use an algal rotating disk system in a two-step biological purification of nitrogen fertilizer industry wastewaters, which involved the removal of ammonium by Stichococcus bacillaris growing on the rotating disk and of oxidized forms of nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria.
TL;DR: In this article, a two-shell model of the Eta Car is presented, where a soft component with temperature 5 million K is located in the expanding outer shell, and the hard core component with 80 million K was attributed to the interaction of a high-velocity stellar wind from the massive central object with the inner edge of a dust shell.
Abstract: X-ray observations of Eta Car obtained with the high-resolution imager and solid-state spectrometer of the Einstein observatory are reported and interpreted in terms of a two-shell model. A soft component with temperature 5 million K is located in the expanding outer shell, and the hard core component with temperature 80 million K is attributed to the interaction of a high-velocity stellar wind from the massive central object with the inner edge of a dust shell. Model calculations based on comparison with optical and IR data permit estimation of the mass of the outer shell (0.004 solar mass), the mass of the dust shell (3 solar mass), and the total shell expansion energy (less than 2 x 10 to the 49th ergs).
TL;DR: The Taylor-integral algorithm is defined which has the error of ordern−(r+1) which is minimal among all algorithms which usen linear or nonlinear smooth functionals off, in the class of bounded functionsf with bounded partial derivatives up to orderr.
Abstract: We consider minimal-error algorithms for solving systems of ODE, $$z'\left( t \right) = f\left( {t, z\left( t \right)} \right),z\left( 0 \right) = z_0 ,where f:\left[ {0, c} \right] \times \mathbb{R}^s \to \mathbb{R}^s $$ . We show how to increase the order of an algorithm by one, using additionally integrals off. We define the Taylor-integral algorithm which has the error of ordern ?(r+1) which is minimal among all algorithms which usen linear or nonlinear smooth functionals off, in the class of bounded functionsf with bounded partial derivatives up to orderr.
We show that the Taylor algorithm has the error of ordern ?r which is minimal among all algorithms which usen evaluations off and/or its partial derivatives.