University of Warwick

About: University of Warwick is a education organization based out in Coventry, Warwickshire, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & White dwarf. The organization has 26212 authors who have published 77127 publications receiving 2666552 citations. The organization is also known as: Warwick University & The University of Warwick.

Wages, Profits and Rent-Sharing

Abstract: The paper uses CPS data from 1964 to 1985 to test for the existence of rent-sharing in US tabor markets, Using an unbalanced panel from the manufacturing sector, and random-effects and fixed-effects specifications, the paper finds that changes in wages are explained by movements in lagged levels of profitability and unemployment. The results appear to be consistent with rent-sharing theory (or a labor contract framework with risk-averse firms) and to be inconsistent with the competitive labor market model. The paper estimates the unemployment elasticity of pay at approximately -0.03, and the profit elasticity of pay at between 0.02 and 0.05.

NeuroVault.org: a web-based repository for collecting and sharing unthresholded statistical maps of the human brain

Abstract: Here we present NeuroVault — a web based repository that allows researchers to store, share, visualize, and decode statistical maps of the human brain. NeuroVault is easy to use and employs modern web technologies to provide informative visualization of data without the need to install additional software. In addition, it leverages the power of the Neurosynth database to provide cognitive decoding of deposited maps. The data are exposed through a public REST API enabling other services and tools to take advantage of it. NeuroVault is a new resource for researchers interested in conducting meta- and coactivation analyses.

Signatures of magnetar central engines in short GRB light curves

Abstract: A significant fraction of the long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) in the Swift sample have a plateau phase showing evidence of ongoing energy injection. We suggest that many short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) detected by the Swift satellite also show evidence of energy injection. Explaining this observation within the typical SGRB progenitor model is challenging as late time accretion, often used to explain plateaus in LGRBs, is likely to be absent from the SGRB population. Alternatively, it is predicted that the remnant of neutron star–neutron star mergers may not collapse immediately to a black hole (or even collapse at all), forming instead an unstable millisecond pulsar (magnetar) which powers a plateau phase in the X-ray light curve. By fitting the magnetar model to all of the Swift SGRBs observed until 2012 May, we find that about half can be clearly fitted with a magnetar plateau phase while the rest are consistent with forming a magnetar but the data are insufficient to prove a plateau phase. More data, both at early times and a larger sample, are required to confirm this. This model can be tested by detecting the gravitational wave emission from events using the next generation gravitational wave observatories.

Secondary Bonding to Nonmetallic Elements

Abstract: Publisher Summary A number of recent crystal structure determinations on compounds of the nonmetals have discovered intramolecular distances that are much longer than normal bonds, and intermolecular distances that are much shorter than van der Waals distances. In this chapter, these interactions are examined and a qualitative explanation is attempted. It will become clear that in most of them an approximately linear arrangement is found, Y-A—X where Y-A is a normal bond and A—X is a short intermolecular distance. It is with these approximately linear interactions that we are particularly concerned, and it will be our contention that they are the result of directed forces and that their behavior is sufficiently regular and understandable for the name secondary bond to be appropriate. The only conclusive method of establishing the presence of secondary interactions is by crystal structure determinations. An intermolecular interaction can be recognized as being significant by being shorter than the expected intermolecular (van der Waals) distance, but if it is the result of directed forces— that is, bonds rather than electrostatic or nondirectional van der Waals forces.

A taxonomy of model structures for economic evaluation of health technologies

Abstract: Models for the economic evaluation of health technologies provide valuable information to decision makers. The choice of model structure is rarely discussed in published studies and can affect the results produced. Many papers describe good modelling practice, but few describe how to choose from the many types of available models. This paper develops a new taxonomy of model structures. The horizontal axis of the taxonomy describes assumptions about the role of expected values, randomness, the heterogeneity of entities, and the degree of non-Markovian structure. Commonly used aggregate models, including decision trees and Markov models require large population numbers, homogeneous sub-groups and linear interactions. Individual models are more flexible, but may require replications with different random numbers to estimate expected values. The vertical axis of the taxonomy describes potential interactions between the individual actors, as well as how the interactions occur through time. Models using interactions, such as system dynamics, some Markov models, and discrete event simulation are fairly uncommon in the health economics but are necessary for modelling infectious diseases and systems with constrained resources. The paper provides guidance for choosing a model, based on key requirements, including output requirements, the population size, and system complexity.