University of Warwick

About: University of Warwick is a education organization based out in Coventry, Warwickshire, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & White dwarf. The organization has 26212 authors who have published 77127 publications receiving 2666552 citations. The organization is also known as: Warwick University & The University of Warwick.

Evidence for a COP-I-independent transport route from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum

Abstract: The cytosolic coat-protein complex COP-I interacts with cytoplasmic 'retrieval' signals present in membrane proteins that cycle between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, and is required for both anterograde and retrograde transport in the secretory pathway. Here we study the role of COP-I in Golgi-to-ER transport of several distinct marker molecules. Microinjection of anti-COP-I antibodies inhibits retrieval of the lectin-like molecule ERGIC-53 and of the KDEL receptor from the Golgi to the ER. Transport to the ER of protein toxins, which contain a sequence that is recognized by the KDEL receptor, is also inhibited. In contrast, microinjection of anti-COP-I antibodies or expression of a GTP-restricted Arf-1 mutant does not interfere with Golgi-to-ER transport of Shiga toxin/Shiga-like toxin-1 or with the apparent recycling to the ER of Golgi-resident glycosylation enzymes. Overexpression of a GDP-restricted mutant of Rab6 blocks transport to the ER of Shiga toxin/Shiga-like toxin-1 and glycosylation enzymes, but not of ERGIC-53, the KDEL receptor or KDEL-containing toxins. These data indicate the existence of at least two distinct pathways for Golgi-to-ER transport, one COP-I dependent and the other COP-I independent. The COP-I-independent pathway is specifically regulated by Rab6 and is used by Golgi glycosylation enzymes and Shiga toxin/Shiga-like toxin-1.

Unfamiliar face recognition in relatively able autistic children.

Abstract: Two experiments were carried out assessing autistic children's recognition, discrimination, and fixation of unfamiliar faces and unfamiliar buildings. The experiments showed that (i) unfamiliar face recognition is impaired relative to normal peers, non-verbal ability matched and verbal ability matched controls. Relative to verbal ability matched controls (ii) recognition of buildings is normal; (iii) there is an enhanced discrepancy between face discrimination and buildings discrimination, in favour of buildings; and (iv) fixation is normal. Analysis of the results suggests that impaired face recognition does not result from impaired attention or discrimination.

Corrosion micromorphology of noble metal alloys and depletion gilding

Abstract: Noble metal alloys commonly undergo selective dissolution during anodic corrosion whereby the less noble component is dissolved preferentially. This is particularly interesting, as it leads to a depletion of the less noble species not only at the surface of the metal but also at an appreciable depth within it, implying that a mass transport of atoms is occurring either through the bulk of the crystal lattice or across the surface to support the continuing dissolution. Experiments in which the micromorphology of silver–gold alloys is observed during such corrosive treatment have shown that surface diffusion of gold plays an important part in this process. As surface silver atoms are dissolved the residual gold atoms reform into gold-rich islands so that fresh silver atoms are continuously exposed to the environment layer by layer. These observations will be described in detail elsewhere1. Here the mechanism of surface re-arrangement is considered, which leads to the accumulation of gold-rich surface regions, and throws a new light on the ancient craft of depletion gilding.

Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization in Dispersed Systems: An Update

Abstract: This review is an extensive update to the comprehensive review on controlled/living radical polymerization (CLRP) in dispersed systems published in 2008.