Institution
University of Waterloo
Education•Waterloo, Ontario, Canada•
About: University of Waterloo is a education organization based out in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 36093 authors who have published 93906 publications receiving 2948139 citations. The organization is also known as: UW & uwaterloo.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: This review concentrates mainly on post-2002, new OHC effects data in Arctic wildlife and fish, and is largely based on recently available effects data for populations of several top trophic level species, including seabirds and Arctic charr.
739 citations
••
TL;DR: Factor analysis of the individual items revealed a primary handedness factor, and two factors that are idiosyncratic to the wording of the questions, which suggest shortened versions of the two tests are recommended.
738 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the second law of thermodynamics has been extended to nonequilibrium regions, where the evolution of a system is described in terms of gradients maintaining the system at some distance away from equilibrium.
735 citations
••
Graz University of Technology1, Université Paris-Saclay2, University of Waterloo3, Guizhou University4, European Food Information Council5, Institut national de la recherche agronomique6, Agricultural University of Athens7, University of Minnesota8, University of Minho9, University of Vienna10, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada11, Rothamsted Research12, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory13, Austrian Institute of Technology14, CABI15, Tallinn University of Technology16, Wageningen University and Research Centre17, Pondicherry University18, State University of Campinas19, University of Sydney20, Teagasc21
TL;DR: A definition of microbiome is proposed based on the compact, clear, and comprehensive description of the term provided by Whipps et al. in 1988, amended with a set of novel recommendations considering the latest technological developments and research findings.
Abstract: The field of microbiome research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades and has become a topic of great scientific and public interest. As a result of this rapid growth in interest covering different fields, we are lacking a clear commonly agreed definition of the term “microbiome.” Moreover, a consensus on best practices in microbiome research is missing. Recently, a panel of international experts discussed the current gaps in the frame of the European-funded MicrobiomeSupport project. The meeting brought together about 40 leaders from diverse microbiome areas, while more than a hundred experts from all over the world took part in an online survey accompanying the workshop. This article excerpts the outcomes of the workshop and the corresponding online survey embedded in a short historical introduction and future outlook. We propose a definition of microbiome based on the compact, clear, and comprehensive description of the term provided by Whipps et al. in 1988, amended with a set of novel recommendations considering the latest technological developments and research findings. We clearly separate the terms microbiome and microbiota and provide a comprehensive discussion considering the composition of microbiota, the heterogeneity and dynamics of microbiomes in time and space, the stability and resilience of microbial networks, the definition of core microbiomes, and functionally relevant keystone species as well as co-evolutionary principles of microbe-host and inter-species interactions within the microbiome. These broad definitions together with the suggested unifying concepts will help to improve standardization of microbiome studies in the future, and could be the starting point for an integrated assessment of data resulting in a more rapid transfer of knowledge from basic science into practice. Furthermore, microbiome standards are important for solving new challenges associated with anthropogenic-driven changes in the field of planetary health, for which the understanding of microbiomes might play a key role.
733 citations
••
TL;DR: Nutrition labels on pre-packaged foods are a cost-effective population-level intervention with unparalleled reach, however, governments will need to explore new formats and different types of information content to ensure that nutrition information is accessible and understandable.
Abstract: Objective To review research on consumer use and understanding of nutrition labels, as well as the impact of labelling on dietary habits. Design A systematic review was conducted by searching electronic databases. Relevant articles were screened by two reviewers and included if they met inclusion criteria, including eight methodological criteria. A total of 120 articles were included in the review, including cross-sectional surveys ( n 96), experimental designs ( n 17), ‘natural experiments’ ( n 7) and longitudinal population-based surveys ( n 2). Setting Articles covered seven jurisdictions: USA ( n 88), Europe ( n 12), Canada ( n 9), Australia and New Zealand ( n 4), Norway ( n 2), Thailand ( n 1) and Trinidad ( n 1). Subjects Participants were from a wide range of age groups, socio-economic strata and geographical regions. Results Nutrition labels on pre-packaged foods are among the most prominent sources of nutrition information. Nutrition labels are perceived as a highly credible source of information and many consumers use nutrition labels to guide their selection of food products. Evidence also shows a consistent link between the use of nutrition labels and healthier diets. However, the use of labels varies considerably across subgroups, with lower use among children, adolescents and older adults who are obese. Research also highlights challenges in terms of consumer understanding and appropriate use of labelling information. Conclusions Nutrition labels on pre-packaged foods are a cost-effective population-level intervention with unparalleled reach. However, to capitalize on their potential, governments will need to explore new formats and different types of information content to ensure that nutrition information is accessible and understandable.
731 citations
Authors
Showing all 36498 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
John J.V. McMurray | 178 | 1389 | 184502 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
David Taylor | 131 | 2469 | 93220 |
Lei Zhang | 130 | 2312 | 86950 |
Will J. Percival | 129 | 473 | 87752 |
Trevor Hastie | 124 | 412 | 202592 |
Stephen Mann | 120 | 669 | 55008 |
Xuan Zhang | 119 | 1530 | 65398 |
Mark A. Tarnopolsky | 115 | 644 | 42501 |
Qiang Yang | 112 | 1117 | 71540 |
Wei Zhang | 112 | 1189 | 93641 |
Hans-Peter Seidel | 112 | 1213 | 51080 |
Theodore S. Rappaport | 112 | 490 | 68853 |
Robert C. Haddon | 112 | 577 | 52712 |
David Zhang | 111 | 1027 | 55118 |