University of Windsor

About: University of Windsor is a education organization based out in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Argumentation theory. The organization has 10654 authors who have published 22307 publications receiving 435906 citations. The organization is also known as: UWindsor & Assumption University of Windsor.

Evidence for the Role of Isometric Exercise Training in Reducing Blood Pressure: Potential Mechanisms and Future Directions

Abstract: Hypertension, or the chronic elevation in resting arterial blood pressure (BP), is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and estimated to affect ~1 billion adults worldwide. The goals of treatment are to lower BP through lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation, weight loss, exercise training, healthy eating and reduced sodium intake), and if not solely effective, the addition of antihypertensive medications. In particular, increased physical exercise and decreased sedentarism are important strategies in the prevention and management of hypertension. Current guidelines recommend both aerobic and dynamic resistance exercise training modalities to reduce BP. Mounting prospective evidence suggests that isometric exercise training in normotensive and hypertensive (medicated and non-medicated) cohorts of young and old participants may produce similar, if not greater, reductions in BP, with meta-analyses reporting mean reductions of between 10 and 13 mmHg systolic, and 6 and 8 mmHg diastolic. Isometric exercise training protocols typically consist of four sets of 2-min handgrip or leg contractions sustained at 20–50 % of maximal voluntary contraction, with each set separated by a rest period of 1–4 min. Training is usually completed three to five times per week for 4–10 weeks. Although the mechanisms responsible for these adaptations remain to be fully clarified, improvements in conduit and resistance vessel endothelium-dependent dilation, oxidative stress, and autonomic regulation of heart rate and BP have been reported. The clinical significance of isometric exercise training, as a time-efficient and effective training modality to reduce BP, warrants further study. This evidence-based review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of isometric exercise training on resting BP.

Energies and oscillator strengths for lithiumlike ions

Abstract: The Hylleraas-type variational method is used to calculate the energies of the lithium ${1s}^{2}2s{}^{2}S$ and ${1s}^{2}2p{}^{2}P$ isoelectronic sequences up to $Z=20$. The oscillator strengths for the ${1s}^{2}2s{}^{2}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{S}{1s}^{2}2p{}^{2}P$ transitions are evaluated for $Z$ up to 20, including finite nuclear mass effects, and the corresponding lifetimes are determined. The $1/Z$ expansion method is used to extend the variational results to larger values of $Z$. Relativistic corrections to the dipole transition moment squared are estimated by comparison with the relativistic many-body perturbation theory results of Johnson et al. [At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 64, 279 (1996)]. The final lifetime for the ${1s}^{2}2p{}^{2}P$ state of lithium is in good agreement with recent high-precision measurements.

The loss and recovery of hydrophobicity of RTV silicone rubber insulator coatings

Abstract: The results of a study on the loss and recovery of hydrophobicity of RTV (room-temperature vulcanizing) silicone-rubber insulator coatings in a salt-fog chamber are reported. The results complement those previously reported on the ability of the coatings to suppress leakage current and insulator flashover. The temporary loss of hydrophobicity caused by dry-band arcing and the subsequent recovery are studied in depth. The gradual loss of hydrophobicity as determined from the leakage current and the contact-angle measurements is shown to be related to the physical changes to the coating brought about by dry-band arcing. >