Showing papers by "University of Wisconsin-Madison published in 1976"
TL;DR: The authors analyzes competitive markets in which the characteristics of the commodities exchanged are not fully known to at least one of the parties to the transaction, and suggests that some of the most important conclusions of economic theory are not robust to considerations of imperfect information.
Abstract: Economic theorists traditionally banish discussions of information to footnotes. Serious consideration of costs of communication, imperfect knowledge, and the like would, it is believed, complicate without informing. This paper, which analyzes competitive markets in which the characteristics of the commodities exchanged are not fully known to at least one of the parties to the transaction, suggests that this comforting myth is false. Some of the most important conclusions of economic theory are not robust to considerations of imperfect information.
3,990 citations
Book•
15 Jan 1976TL;DR: The Schur index Projective representations Character degrees Character correspondence Linear groups Changing the characteristic Some character tables Bibliographic notes References Index as discussed by the authors The Schur Index Projective representation of characters
Abstract: Algebras, modules, and representations Group representations and characters Characters and integrality Products of characters Induced characters Normal subgroups T.I. sets and exceptional characters Brauer's theorem Changing the field The Schur index Projective representations Character degrees Character correspondence Linear groups Changing the characteristic Some character tables Bibliographic notes References Index.
2,657 citations
TL;DR: Calibration experiments revealed that there was little rostro-caudal diffusion of the injectate along the spinal axis and that even for compounds such as naloxone which can rapidly permeate neural tissues, the levels which do appear in the brain are small following the spinal subarachnoid administration of the drug.
2,256 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1976TL;DR: New to this edition are the early coverage of the ER model, new chapters on Internet databases, data mining, and spatial databases, and a new supplement on practical SQL assignments (with solutions for instructors' use).
Abstract: From the Publisher:
Database Management Systems (DBMS) is a must for any course in database systems or file organization. DBMS provides a hands-on approach to relational database systems, with an emphasis on practical topics such as indexing methods, SQL, and database design. New to this edition are the early coverage of the ER model, new chapters on Internet databases, data mining, and spatial databases, and a new supplement on practical SQL assignments (with solutions for instructors' use). Many other chapters have been reorganized or expanded to provide up-to-date coverage.
1,909 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the development of statistical methods at Rothamsted Experimental Station by Sir Ronald Fisher is used to illustrate these themes, and the authors discuss the importance of flexibility to profit from such confrontations and to devise parsimonious but effective models.
Abstract: Aspects of scientific method are discussed: In particular, its representation as a motivated iteration in which, in succession, practice confronts theory, and theory, practice. Rapid progress requires sufficient flexibility to profit from such confrontations, and the ability to devise parsimonious but effective models, to worry selectively about model inadequacies and to employ mathematics skillfully but appropriately. The development of statistical methods at Rothamsted Experimental Station by Sir Ronald Fisher is used to illustrate these themes.
1,726 citations
1,382 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present sufficient condi t ions for hypoe l l l ip t i c i ty... this paper..,.. The authors present a free Lie-A-Lgebras analysis on the p roof of the T h eo rem.
Abstract: 2. Sufficient condi t ions for hypoe l l ip t i c i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 8. Graded a n d free Lie a lgebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 4. H a r m o n i c analysis on iV a n d the p roof of T h eo rem 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 5. Di la t ions a n d h o m o g e n e i t y on groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 6. Smoo th ly va ry ing families of f u n d a m e n t a l solut ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
1,145 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the delta-Eddington approximation was used to calculate monochromatic radiative fluxes in an absorbing-scattering atmosphere, by combining a Dirac delta function and a two-term approximation, which overcomes the poor accuracy of the Eddington approximation for highly asymmetric phase functions.
Abstract: This paper presents a rapid yet accurate method, the “delta-Eddington” approximation, for calculating monochromatic radiative fluxes in an absorbing-scattering atmosphere. By combining a Dirac delta function and a two-term approximation, it overcomes the poor accuracy of the Eddington approximation for highly asymmetric phase functions. The fraction of scattering into the truncated forward peak is taken proportional to the square of the phase function asymmetry factor, which distinguishes the delta-Eddington approximation from others of similar nature. Comparisons of delta-Eddington albedos, transnmissivities and absorptivities with more exact calculations reveal typical differences of 0–0.022 and maximum differences of 0.15 over wide ranges of optical depth, sun angle, surface albedo, single-scattering albedo and phase function asymmetry. Delta-Eddington fluxes are in error, on the average, by no more than 0.5%0, and at the maximum by no more than 2% of the incident flux. This computationally fa...
1,075 citations
TL;DR: Dvergsten et al. as discussed by the authors studied the effect of the use of advance organizers combined with guided discovery on achievement and retention in high school biology, and found that an advance organizer, a post-organizer, or knowledge of a behavioral objective had a significant effect on the retention of a mathematical concept.
Abstract: Dvergsten, D. C. The effect of the use of advance organizers combined with guided discovery on achievement and retention in high school biology (Doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota). Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms, No. 71-22,198, 1971. Eastman, P. M. The interaction of spatial visualization and general reasoning abilities with instructional treatment in quadratic inequalities: A follow-up study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The University of Texas at Austin, 1972. Peterson, J. C. Effect of an advance organizer, a post organizer, or knowledge of a behavioral objective on achievement and retention of a mathematical concept. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New York, February 1971.
1,012 citations
TL;DR: The dominant factor driving complex formation between these charged ligands and the nucleic acid is the entropic contribution from the release of counterions, which appears to drive the non-specific interactions of proteins with nucleic acids.
973 citations
TL;DR: Narcotic analgetics administered directly into the spinal subarachnoid space of the rat via a chronically inserted catheter produce a potent analgesia that can be antagonized by naloxone.
Abstract: Narcotic analgetics administered directly into the spinal subarachnoid space of the rat via a chronically inserted catheter produce a potent analgesia that can be antagonized by naloxone. The narcotics, acting only at the spinal level, changed cord function to block not only spinal reflexes but also the operant response to painful stimuli.
TL;DR: The quadratic assignment paradigm developed in operations research is discussed as a general approach to data analysis tasks characterized by the use of proximity matrices in this article, and an extensive set of numerical examples are given illustrating the application of the search procedure to hierarchical clustering, the identification of homogeneous object subsets, linear and circular seriation, and a discrete version of multidimensional scaling.
Abstract: The quadratic assignment paradigm developed in operations research is discussed as a general approach to data analysis tasks characterized by the use of proximity matrices. Data analysis problems are first classified as being either static or non-static. The term ‘static’ implies the evaluation of a detailed substantive hypothesis that is posited without the aid of the actual data. Alternatively, the term ‘non-static’ suggests a search for a particular type of relational structure within the obtained proximity matrix and without the statement of a specific conjecture beforehand. Although the static class of problems is directly related to several inference procedures commonly used in classical statistics, the major emphasis in this paper is on applying a general computational heuristic to attack the non-static problem and in using the quadratic assignment orientation to discuss a variety of research tactics of importance in the behavioral sciences and, particularly, in psychology. An extensive set of numerical examples is given illustrating the application of the search procedure to hierarchical clustering, the identification of homogeneous object subsets, linear and circular seriation, and a discrete version of multidimensional scaling.
01 Dec 1976
TL;DR: A simple method of estimating the average daily radiation for each calendar month on surfaces facing directly towards the equator has been presented by Liu and Jordan as discussed by the authors, verified with experimental measurements and extended to allow calculation of monthly average radiation on surfaces of a wide range of orientations.
Abstract: Several simplified design procedures for solar energy systems require monthly average meteorological data. Monthly average daily totals of the solar radiation incident on a horizontal surface are available. However, radiation data on tilted surfaces, required by the design procedures, are generally not available. A simple method of estimating the average daily radiation for each calendar month on surfaces facing directly towards the equator has been presented by Liu and Jordan [1]. This method is verified with experimental measurements and extended to allow calculation of monthly average radiation on surfaces of a wide range of orientations.
TL;DR: It is suggested that morphine acting through the periaqueductal gray may actuate a potent supraspinal modulatory system related to the transmission of information derived from behaviorally aversive stimuli.
TL;DR: Can a new model of the scope of marketing help resolve the "nature of marketing" and "marketing science" controversies? as mentioned in this paper investigates the role of marketing science in resolving these controversies.
Abstract: Can a new model of the scope of marketing help resolve the “nature of marketing” and “marketing science” controversies?
TL;DR: Peripheral receptive fields of “barrels” in the somatosensory neocortex (SmI) of rats were determined with microelectrode recording and anatomical techniques to indicate that each barrel receives information from one sinus hair.
Abstract: Peripheral receptive fields of "barrels" in the somatosensory neocortex (SmI) of rats were determined with microelectrope recording and anatomical techniques. A method of flattening each hemisphere prior to embedding was devised so that the organization of layer IV could be seen through the full extent of SmI on a single section. All of the barrels in the rat are located within layer IV of Smi. sinus hairs on the lateral and rostral face and furry buccal pad project to a continuous sheet of barrels in the head area of the contralateral SmI. The pattern of projections in this area indicates that each barrel receives information from one sinus hair. Large whisking vibrissae project to the largest cell-dense barrels and smaller non-whisking sinus hairs project to smaller barrels that are relatively cell-sparse. Barrels were also found outside of the head area in regions that receive projections from the forepaw and hindfoot. Receptive fields of these barrels are located on glabrous and hairy surfaces of the appendages that do not include any sinus hairs. Other parts of the body project to cell-dense areas of SmI that do not appear to contain barrels. Barrel subgroups and other somatotopic areas are separated by narrow barrel-free zones. As a result of this pattern of contrasting cell densities, an outline of the rat's body is delineated within layer IV.
TL;DR: With this method, rachitic chick plasma, plasma from anephric patients, and plasma from patients suffering severe endstage renal failure show no detectable 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, while normal human values have been found to be 29 ± 2 pg/ml.
TL;DR: The antigenic systems of the major histocompatibility complex can be subdivided into thoseWhich are serologically detectable and those which are detected in tests with mixed lymphocytes.
Abstract: The antigenic systems of the major histocompatibility complex can be subdivided into those which are serologically detectable and those which are detected in tests with mixed lymphocytes. The two systems have different roles in the activation of separate populations of T lymphocytes.
01 Jan 1976
TL;DR: This chapter examines the new compounds that have been added to the juvenile hormones family and discusses the molecular biology surrounding the long-sought JH receptor and potential candidates.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the juvenile hormones (JH). The JH, a family of acyclic sesquiterpenoids, are essential to insect development and reproduction. This chapter examines the new compounds that have been added to the family. Recent structural elucidation of the hemolymph transport and catabolic proteins is examined. Molecular biology surrounding the long-sought JH receptor and potential candidates are discussed. The juvenile hormones, a family of acyclic sesquiterpenoids, are essential to insect development and reproduction. This family of hormones has been extensively studied because of its central role in regulating development and value as an insect pest control agent. Recent advances have been made in the areas of chemistry, biosynthesis, transport, catabolism, and biological roles the hormones play in the immature insect. Two common features characterize the naturally occurring JHs: their site of synthesis, the corpora allata (CA), and their farnesoid structure.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of several organizational climate variables on job satisfaction of a cross-section of industrial salesmen was investigated, and it was shown that climate affects job satisfaction.
Abstract: This report concerns the impact of several organizational climate variables on the job satisfaction of a cross-section of industrial salesmen. To gain greater insight into how climate affects salem...
TL;DR: It is concluded that the cortical auditory region of man may be subdivided in two major areas: an area on the supratemporal plane representing the primary auditory area or A1 and a region surrounding A1 which perhaps comprises two areas, one on the superior temporal gyrus and the upper bank of the sylvian fissure including frontal and parietal operculi.
Abstract: Average responses to clicks were recorded from the exposed human cortex of 19 adult patients during operation for the treatment of intracranial diseases. Auditory evoked responses were obtained from two areas. Short latency potentials were recorded on the superior surface of the temporal lobe corresponding to the transverse temporal gyri. These responses consisted of two positive waves P1 and P2 separated by a negative wave N1. P1 had a mean latency of 14-7+/-1-5 ms, N1 a mean latency of 19-1+/-2-6 ms and P2 a mean latency of 32-2+/-4-1 ms. Responses to stimulation of the contralateral ear were of higher amplitude than responses to stimulation of the ipsilateral ear. Responses of smaller amplitude and longer latency were obtained from the superior temporal gyrus and the upper lip of the sylvian fissure. These responses had a mean peak latency for P1 of 40-2+/-2-6 ms, for N1 of 62-5+/-12-5 ms and for P2 of 97-7+/-17-2 ms. It is concluded that the cortical auditory region of man may be subdivided in two major areas: an area on the supratemporal plane representing the primary auditory area or A1 and a region surrounding A1 which perhaps comprises two areas, one on the superior temporal gyrus and one on the upper bank of the sylvian fissure including frontal and parietal operculi.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors survey acoustic studies of speech development and discuss the data with respect to the anatomical and neuromuscular maturation of the speech mechanism, and the acoustic data on various as...
Abstract: This paper surveys acoustic studies of speech development and discusses the data with respect to the anatomical and neuromuscular maturation of the speech mechanism. The acoustic data on various as...
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that if x E X,,,, then x-lW,x n W, = W, for some subset L of S, then X, = X, for the distinguished cross section of W/W,.
TL;DR: Multivalued functions with convex graphs are shown to exhibit certain desirable regularity properties when their ranges have internal points to develop a perturbation theory for convex inequalities and to extend results on the continuity of convex functions.
Abstract: Multivalued functions with convex graphs are shown to exhibit certain desirable regularity properties when their ranges have internal points. These properties are applied to develop a perturbation theory for convex inequalities and to extend results on the continuity of convex functions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simulation model capable of estimating the long-term thermal performance of solar heating systems is described, and the amount of meteorological data required by the simulation in order to estimate longterm performance is investigated.
TL;DR: Five trials involving infusion of amino acids into the abomasum of lactating Holstein cows suggested that lysine and methionine were first and second limiting, or co-limiting, for secretion of milk protein when rations consisting primarily of corn, corn silage, and alfalfa-grass hay were fed.
TL;DR: In this article, the observed polarization was consistent with parity conservationa and increased monotonically with increasing p/sub perpendicular/ independently of x, reaching P/sub..lambda../ = 0.28 +- 0.08 at 1.5 GeV/c.
Abstract: ..lambda../sup 0/ polarization has been observed in p + Be ..-->.. ..lambda../sup 0/ + anything at 300 GeV. A total of 1.2 x 10/sup 6/ ..lambda../sup 0/ decays were recorded at fixed lab angles between 0 and 9.5 mrad, covering a range of kinematic variables 0.3 < or = x(or = 0.7 and 0 < or = p/sub perpendicular/ < or = 1.5 GeV/c. The observed polarization was consistent with parity conservationa and increased monotonically with increasing p/sub perpendicular/, independently of x, reaching P/sub ..lambda../ = 0.28 +- 0.08 at 1.5 GeV/c. (AIP)
TL;DR: Decomposition of C-labeled lignin to CO(2) by the lignIn-decomposing fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coriolus versicolor required a growth substrate such as cellulose or glucose.
Abstract: Decomposition of 14C-labeled lignin to 14CO2 by the lignin-decomposing fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coriolus versicolor required a growth substrate such as cellulose or glucose. Growth with lignin as sole carbon addition to an otherwise complete medium was negligible.
TL;DR: The biologic importance of the chromosomal region, called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), determining the strong transplantation antigens, lies not only in its pre-eminent role in affecting allograft survival but in the control of a large array of biologic phenomena, including immune responsiveness, development and susceptibility to disease.