University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee

About: University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee is a education organization based out in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gravitational wave. The organization has 11839 authors who have published 28034 publications receiving 936438 citations. The organization is also known as: UWM & University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

Daily energy expenditure in Mexican and USA Pima indians: low physical activity as a possible cause of obesity.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure However, it is unknown whether increased physical activity protects susceptible populations against the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential protective role of environment and physical activity against obesity by measuring total energy expenditure in Mexican and USA Pima Indians METHODS: We compared the physical activity level of 40 (17 female and 23 male; 37±11 y, 66±13 kg) Mexican Pima Indians from a remote, mountainous area of Northwest Mexico, with 40 age-and-sex matched (17 female and 23 male; 37±12 y, 93±22 kg) Pima Indians from the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona, USA We measured total energy expenditure (TEE) by doubly labeled water and calculated physical activity by different methods: physical activity level (PAL) as the ratio of TEE on resting metabolic rate (RMR), TEE adjusted for RMR by linear regression, activity energy expenditure adjusted for body weight (AEE), and activity questionnaire RESULTS: Physical activity was higher in Mexican Pima Indians when compared with USA Pima Indians as assessed by PAL (197±034 vs 157±016, P<00001), TEE adjusted for RMR (3289±454 vs 2671±454 kcal/day, P<00001) and AEE adjusted for body weight (1243±415 vs 711±415 kcal/day, P<00001) Questionnaires revealed more time spent on occupational activities among Mexican Pima compared with USA Pima (239±133 vs 126±139 h/week, P<0001) CONCLUSION: These data support a significant role for physical activity in the prevention of obesity in genetically susceptible populations

Trust in health infomediaries

Abstract: Health infomediaries play an increasingly critical role in providing support for people's health and wellness decisions. Effectiveness of health infomediaries depends on people's trust in them. In this paper, we conceptualize a comprehensive synthesis of trust antecedents that are relevant to health infomediaries based on trust research and the actor-network theory. The model is constructed to highlight the factors that play a significant role in trust formation in health infomediaries. The empirical test of the model indicates that web users' beliefs about the ability and benevolence of the health infomediary critically affect their behavior intentions. Moreover, testing has identified the dimensions of information and system quality as well as the trust signs that enhance each trust belief. Environmental factors also play a significant role in enhancing beliefs about the ability and integrity of the health infomediary. Our empirical results further show that an individual user's propensity to trust has a significant relationship with risk-related beliefs. Such trust and risk beliefs positively influence web users' behaviors. Our study shows the importance of context-specific modeling of trust in health infomediaries.

Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Abstract: The author presents the vulnerability, risk, and resilience model as a mechanism for improved content integration in the Human Behavior and the Social Environment sequence in social work education. The model demonstrates the interaction of community and social context variables with individual characteristics in the development of social work problems. The five steps in the model are (1) define the social work problem of concern, (2) identify risk and protective factors in the social context, (3) identify intrinsic vulnerability and invulnerability characteristics, (4) intersect these two, and (5) explore intervention: and prevention options. In addition, she provides a rationale and background for the model, describes the model itself, and develops an example from social work practice (adolescent substance abuse) for social work education.

Auditory sequence: confusion of patterns other than speech or music.

Abstract: Accurate perception of temporal order is essential for many auditory tasks. Yet the temporal pattern of four successive sounds (for example, hisses, buzzes, and tones) could not be recognized even when the duration of each sound was considerably longer than either the average phoneme in normal discourse or the notes of melodies. Although each of the stimuli was perceived, their order remained frustratingly elusive.