University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee

About: University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee is a education organization based out in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gravitational wave. The organization has 11839 authors who have published 28034 publications receiving 936438 citations. The organization is also known as: UWM & University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

Constraints on a phenomenologically parametrized neutron-star equation of state

Abstract: We introduce a parametrized high-density equation of state (EOS) in order to systematize the study of constraints placed by astrophysical observations on the nature of neutron-star matter To obtain useful constraints, the number of parameters must be smaller than the number of EOS-related neutron-star properties measured, but large enough to accurately approximate the large set of candidate EOSs We find that a parametrized EOS based on piecewise polytropes with 3 free parameters matches, to about 4% rms error, an extensive set of candidate EOSs at densities below the central density of $14{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ stars Adding observations of more massive stars constrains the higher-density part of the EOS and requires an additional parameter We obtain constraints on the allowed parameter space set by causality and by present and near-future astronomical observations with the least model dependence Stringent constraints on the EOS parameter space are associated with the future measurement of the moment of inertia of PSR J0737-3039A combined with the maximum known neutron-star mass We also present in an appendix a more efficient algorithm than has previously been used for finding points of marginal stability and the maximum angular velocity of stable stars

Ultrahigh sensitivity and layer-dependent sensing performance of phosphorene-based gas sensors.

Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have attracted significant attention for device applications because of their unique structures and outstanding properties. Here, a field-effect transistor (FET) sensor device is fabricated based on 2D phosphorene nanosheets (PNSs). The PNS sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity to NO2 in dry air and the sensitivity is dependent on its thickness. A maximum response is observed for 4.8-nm-thick PNS, with a sensitivity up to 190% at 20 parts per billion (p.p.b.) at room temperature. First-principles calculations combined with the statistical thermodynamics modelling predict that the adsorption density is ∼10(15) cm(-2) for the 4.8-nm-thick PNS when exposed to 20 p.p.b. NO2 at 300 K. Our sensitivity modelling further suggests that the dependence of sensitivity on the PNS thickness is dictated by the band gap for thinner sheets ( 10 nm).

Superconductivity without inversion symmetry: MnSi versus CePt3Si.

Abstract: Superconductivity in materials without spatial inversion symmetry is studied We show that in contrast to common belief, spin-triplet pairing is not entirely excluded in such systems Moreover, paramagnetic limiting is analyzed for both spin-singlet and -triplet pairing The lack of inversion symmetry reduces the effect of the paramagnetic limiting for spin-singlet pairing These results are applied to MnSi and ${\mathrm{C}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{t}}_{3}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}$

20th-century industrial black carbon emissions altered Arctic climate forcing.

Abstract: Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or deposition histories. Measurements of BC, vanillic acid, and non–sea-salt sulfur in ice cores indicate that sources and concentrations of BC in Greenland precipitation varied greatly since 1788 as a result of boreal forest fires and industrial activities. Beginning about 1850, industrial emissions resulted in a sevenfold increase in ice-core BC concentrations, with most change occurring in winter. BC concentrations after about 1951 were lower but increasing. At its maximum from 1906 to 1910, estimated surface climate forcing in early summer from BC in Arctic snow was about 3 watts per square meter, which is eight times the typical preindustrial forcing value.