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Institution

University of Würzburg

EducationWurzburg, Bayern, Germany
About: University of Würzburg is a education organization based out in Wurzburg, Bayern, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & CAS Registry Number. The organization has 31437 authors who have published 62203 publications receiving 2337033 citations. The organization is also known as: Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg & Würzburg University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work integrates biodiversity and crop productivity data for smallholder cacao in Indonesia to exemplify for tropical agroforests that there is little relationship between yield and biodiversity under current management, opening substantial opportunities for wildlife-friendly management.
Abstract: Local and landscape-scale agricultural intensification is a major driver of global biodiversity loss. Controversially discussed solutions include wildlife-friendly farming or combining high-intensity farming with land-sparing for nature. Here, we integrate biodiversity and crop productivity data for smallholder cacao in Indonesia to exemplify for tropical agroforests that there is little relationship between yield and biodiversity under current management, opening substantial opportunities for wildlife-friendly management. Species richness of trees, fungi, invertebrates, and vertebrates did not decrease with yield. Moderate shade, adequate labor, and input level can be combined with a complex habitat structure to provide high biodiversity as well as high yields. Although livelihood impacts are held up as a major obstacle for wildlife-friendly farming in the tropics, our results suggest that in some situations, agroforests can be designed to optimize both biodiversity and crop production benefits without adding pressure to convert natural habitat to farmland.

388 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the concept of CAIPIRINHA can be transferred to 3D imaging, where data reduction can be performed in two spatial dimensions simultaneously, resulting in a more robust parallel imaging reconstruction.
Abstract: The CAIPIRINHA (Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging Results IN Higher Acceleration) concept in parallel imaging has recently been introduced, which modifies the appearance of aliasing artifacts during data acquisition in order to improve the subsequent parallel imaging reconstruction procedure. This concept has been successfully applied to simultaneous multi-slice imaging (MS CAIPIRINHA). In this work, we demonstrate that the concept of CAIPIRINHA can also be transferred to 3D imaging, where data reduction can be performed in two spatial dimensions simultaneously. In MS CAIPIRINHA, aliasing is controlled by providing individual slices with different phase cycles by means of alternating multi-band radio frequency (RF) pulses. In contrast to MS CAIPIRINHA, 2D CAIPIRINHA does not require special RF pulses. Instead, aliasing in 2D parallel imaging can be controlled by modifying the phase encoding sampling strategy. This is done by shifting sampling positions from their normal positions in the undersampled 2D phase encoding scheme. Using this modified sampling strategy, coil sensitivity variations can be exploited more efficiently in multiple dimensions, resulting in a more robust parallel imaging reconstruction. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

388 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that SGLT2 inhibition can lower GFR independent of reducing BG (consistent with the tubular hypothesis of diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration), while attenuation of albuminuria, kidney growth, and inflammation in the early diabetic kidney may mostly be secondary to lower BG.
Abstract: Our previous work has shown that gene knockout of the sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT2 modestly lowered blood glucose in streptozotocin-diabetic mice (BG; from 470 to 300 mg/dl) and prevented glomerular hyperfiltration but did not attenuate albuminuria or renal growth and inflammation. Here we determined effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (300 mg/kg of diet for 15 wk; corresponding to 60–80 mg·kg−1·day−1) in type 1 diabetic Akita mice that, opposite to streptozotocin-diabetes, upregulate renal SGLT2 expression. Akita diabetes, empagliflozin, and Akita + empagliflozin similarly increased renal membrane SGLT2 expression (by 38–56%) and reduced the expression of SGLT1 (by 33–37%) vs. vehicle-treated wild-type controls (WT). The diabetes-induced changes in SGLT2/SGLT1 protein expression are expected to enhance the BG-lowering potential of SGLT2 inhibition, and empagliflozin strongly lowered BG in Akita (means of 187–237 vs. 517–535 mg/dl in vehicle group; 100–140 mg/dl in WT). Empagliflozin modestly reduced GFR in WT (250 vs. 306 μl/min) and completely prevented the diabetes-induced increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (255 vs. 397 μl/min). Empagliflozin attenuated increases in kidney weight and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in Akita in proportion to hyperglycemia. Empagliflozin did not increase urinary glucose/creatinine ratios in Akita, indicating the reduction in filtered glucose balanced the inhibition of glucose reabsorption. Empagliflozin attenuated/prevented the increase in systolic blood pressure, glomerular size, and molecular markers of kidney growth, inflammation, and gluconeogenesis in Akita. We propose that SGLT2 inhibition can lower GFR independent of reducing BG (consistent with the tubular hypothesis of diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration), while attenuation of albuminuria, kidney growth, and inflammation in the early diabetic kidney may mostly be secondary to lower BG.

387 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The high recovery of strains with antimicrobial activity suggests that marine sponges represent an ecological niche which harbors a hitherto largely uncharacterized microbial diversity and, concomitantly, a yet untapped metabolic potential.

387 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This is the first report on the cultivation of bacteria in insect antennae and the first case of a symbiosis involving bacteria of the important antibiotic-producing genus Streptomyces, which might play an important role in other insects as well.

387 citations


Authors

Showing all 31653 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Peer Bork206697245427
Cyrus Cooper2041869206782
D. M. Strom1763167194314
George P. Chrousos1691612120752
David A. Bennett1671142109844
Marc W. Kirschner162457102145
Josef M. Penninger154700107295
William A. Catterall15453683561
Rui Zhang1512625107917
Niels Birbaumer14283577853
Kim Nasmyth14229459231
James J. Gross139529100206
Michael Schmitt1342007114667
Jean-Luc Brédas134102685803
Alexander Schmidt134118583879
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023111
2022398
20212,960
20202,899
20192,714
20182,447