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Institution

University of Würzburg

EducationWurzburg, Bayern, Germany
About: University of Würzburg is a education organization based out in Wurzburg, Bayern, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & CAS Registry Number. The organization has 31437 authors who have published 62203 publications receiving 2337033 citations. The organization is also known as: Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg & Würzburg University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a suite of fourteen three-dimensional, high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of delayed-detonation models of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosions is presented.
Abstract: We present results for a suite of fourteen three-dimensional, high resolution hydrodynamical simulations of delayed-detonation models of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosions. This model suite comprises the first set of three-dimensional SN I a simulations with detailed isotopic yield information. As such, it may serve as a database for Chandrasekhar-mass delayeddetonation model nucleosynthetic yields and for deriving synthetic observables such as spectra and light curves. We employ a physically motivated, stochastic model based on turbulent velocity fluctuations and fuel density to calculate in situ t he deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) probabilities. To obtain different strengths of the deflagration phase and thereby different degrees of pre-expansion, we have chosen a sequence of initial models with 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 1600 (two different realizations) ignition kernels in a hydrostatic white dwarf with central density of 2.9× 10 9 g cm −3 , plus in addition one high central density (5.5× 10 9 g cm −3 ) and one low central density (1.0× 10 9 g cm −3 ) rendition of the 100 ignition kernel configuration. For each simulatio n we determined detailed nucleosynthetic yields by post-processing 10 6 tracer particles with a 384 nuclide reaction network. All delayed detonation models result in explosions unbinding the white dwarf, producing a range of 56 Ni masses from 0.32 to 1.11 M⊙. As a general trend, the models predict that the stable neutron-rich iron group isotopes are not found at the lowest velocities, but rather at intermediate velocities (∼3, 000− 10, 000 km s −1 ) in a shell surrounding a 56 Ni-rich core. The models further predict relatively low velocity oxygen and carbon, with typical minimum velocities around 4, 000 and 10, 000 km s −1 , respectively.

477 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The serotonin dependence of cocaine reward in DAT knockout mice is confirmed by the elimination of cocaine place preference in Dat/SERT double knockout mice, and insights into the brain molecular targets necessary for cocaine Reward in knockout mice that develop in their absence are provided.
Abstract: Cocaine blocks uptake by neuronal plasma membrane transporters for dopamine (DAT), serotonin (SERT), and norepinephrine (NET). Cocaine reward/reinforcement has been linked to actions at DAT or to blockade of SERT. However, knockouts of neither DAT, SERT, or NET reduce cocaine reward/reinforcement, leaving substantial uncertainty about cocaine's molecular mechanisms for reward. Conceivably, the molecular bases of cocaine reward might display sufficient redundancy that either DAT or SERT might be able to mediate cocaine reward in the other's absence. To test this hypothesis, we examined double knockout mice with deletions of one or both copies of both the DAT and SERT genes. These mice display viability, weight gain, histologic features, neurochemical parameters, and baseline behavioral features that allow tests of cocaine influences. Mice with even a single wild-type DAT gene copy and no SERT copies retain cocaine reward/reinforcement, as measured by conditioned place-preference testing. However, mice with no DAT and either no or one SERT gene copy display no preference for places where they have previously received cocaine. The serotonin dependence of cocaine reward in DAT knockout mice is thus confirmed by the elimination of cocaine place preference in DAT/SERT double knockout mice. These results provide insights into the brain molecular targets necessary for cocaine reward in knockout mice that develop in their absence and suggest novel strategies for anticocaine medication development.

476 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings provide evidence for the strong need for psycho-oncological interventions in cancer populations using a proportional stratified random sample based on the nationwide cancer incidence in Germany.
Abstract: Purpose To provide the 4-week prevalence estimates of mental disorders in cancer populations. Patients and Methods We enrolled adult patients with cancer from in- and outpatient care facilities, using a proportional stratified random sample based on the nationwide cancer incidence in Germany. Patients who scored 9 or above on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were administered to the standardized computer-assisted Composite International Diagnostic Interview for mental disorders adapted for cancer patients (CIDI-O). A random sample of those with a PHQ-9 score that was less than 9 were selected for a CIDI-O. Results A total of 5,889 patients were identified, which led to 4,020 participants (a 68.3% response rate); of those, 2,141 patients were interviewed. The 4-week total prevalence for any mental disorder was 31.8% (95% CI, 29.8% to 33.8%); this included any anxiety disorder (11.5%; 95% CI, 10.2% to 12.9%), any adjustment disorder (11.1%; 95% CI, 9.7% to 12.4%), any mood disorder (6.5%; 95% CI, 5....

476 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
04 Nov 2010-Blood
TL;DR: Patients with ALK-negative ALCL, PTCLU, or AITL presenting with IPI > 1 have a poor prognosis and should be considered candidates for novel treatment strategies.

475 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Feb 2012-JAMA
Abstract: Context Vitamin D is associated with decreased cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality, possibly by modifying cardiac structure and function, yet firm evidence for either remains lacking. Objective To determine the effects of an active vitamin D compound, paricalcitol, on left ventricular mass over 48 weeks in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 15 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Design, Setting, and Participants Multinational, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial among 227 patients with chronic kidney disease, mild to moderate left ventricular hypertrophy, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, conducted in 11 countries from July 2008 through September 2010. Intervention Participants were randomly assigned to receive oral paricalcitol, 2 μg/d (n =115), or matching placebo (n = 112). Main Outcome Measures Change in left ventricular mass index over 48 weeks by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Secondary end points included echocardiographic changes in left ventricular diastolic function. Results Treatment with paricalcitol reduced parathyroid hormone levels within 4 weeks and maintained levels within the normal range throughout the study duration. At 48 weeks, the change in left ventricular mass index did not differ between treatment groups (paricalcitol group, 0.34 g/m 2.7 [95% CI, −0.14 to 0.83 g/m 2.7 ] vs placebo group, −0.07 g/m 2.7 [95% CI, −0.55 to 0.42 g/m 2.7 ]). Doppler measures of diastolic function including peak early diastolic lateral mitral annular tissue velocity (paricalcitol group, −0.01 cm/s [95% CI, −0.63 to 0.60 cm/s] vs placebo group, −0.30 cm/s [95% CI, −0.93 to 0.34 cm/s]) also did not differ. Episodes of hypercalcemia were more frequent in the paricalcitol group compared with the placebo group. Conclusion Forty-eight week therapy with paricalcitol did not alter left ventricular mass index or improve certain measures of diastolic dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00497146

474 citations


Authors

Showing all 31653 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Peer Bork206697245427
Cyrus Cooper2041869206782
D. M. Strom1763167194314
George P. Chrousos1691612120752
David A. Bennett1671142109844
Marc W. Kirschner162457102145
Josef M. Penninger154700107295
William A. Catterall15453683561
Rui Zhang1512625107917
Niels Birbaumer14283577853
Kim Nasmyth14229459231
James J. Gross139529100206
Michael Schmitt1342007114667
Jean-Luc Brédas134102685803
Alexander Schmidt134118583879
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023111
2022398
20212,960
20202,899
20192,714
20182,447