Showing papers by "University of Zagreb published in 1995"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used X-ray pbotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the electrochemical and thermal oxidation of titanium nitride (TiN) coatings prepared by physical vapour deposition (PVD) at 200°C.
Abstract: X-ray pbotoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to investigate the electrochemical and thermal oxidation of titanium nitride (TiN) coatings prepared by physical vapour deposition (PVD) at 200°C. Electrochemical oxidation of TiN was carried out at various potentials in phthalate buffer solution (pH 5.0). Evaluation of the XPS Ti 2p and N 1s spectra showed the presence of nitride, oxynitride and oxide species in the layer formed by anodic oxidation. The electrochemical oxidation of TiN to TiO 2 proceeds through the formation of a mixed oxynitride/oxide layer, which transforms into oxide (TiO 2 ) at sufficiently positive potentials (E > 1.1 V vs. SHE). The oxidation of TiN to TiO 2 is accompanied by the formation of molecular nitrogen (N 2 ). The thickness of the oxide layer reaches ∼ 7 nm after oxidation at the highest potential (1.9 V). A complete coverage of the TiN surface by TiO 2 leads to an anodic peak in the polarization curve. On the basis of angle-resolved XPS measurements, two types of oxynitride species are identified, which are distributed differently throughout the oxidized layer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiles of TiN oxidized at 450°C and 600°C in an oxygen flow reveal that at the lower temperature an oxynitride layer is formed, whereas a thick TiO 2 layer appears on top of TiN at the higher temperature. The interface between the nitride and oxide phases is relatively sharp. It is suggested that the mechanism of TiN oxidation proceeds by a progressive replacement of nitrogen by oxygen. The TiN coatings can be used up to 600°C as a protective coating in an oxygen atmosphere. Valance band spectra of TiN, as well as of electrochemically and thermally oxidized TiN, are presented and discussed.
190 citations
TL;DR: Galectin-8 as discussed by the authors is a protein of 35 kDa which has the characteristic properties of galectins (S-type lectins) and was cloned from rat liver cDNA expression library.
175 citations
TL;DR: The combination of structural and physiological data opens new vistas for the further investigation of the neurobiological basis of goal-directed movement and cognitive behavior.
130 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the process of dissolution of organic-free high-silica pentasils (silicalite-1 and ZSM-5 with different Al-content) was investigated by different methods such as X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) and measuring the silicon and aluminum concentration in the liquid phase.
119 citations
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: A fully pipelined single chip VLSI architecture for implementing the JPEG baseline image compression standard that exploits the principles of pipelining and parallelism to the maximum extent in order to obtain high speed and throughput.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe a fully pipelined single chip VLSI architecture for implementing the JPEG baseline image compression standard. The architecture exploits the principles of pipelining and parallelism to the maximum extent in order to obtain high speed and throughput. The architecture for discrete cosine transform and the entropy encoder are based on efficient algorithms designed for high speed VLSI implementation. The entire architecture can be implemented on a single VLSI chip to yield a clock rate of about 100 MHz which would allow an input rate of 30 frames per second for 1024/spl times/1024 color images. >
118 citations
TL;DR: In this article, uncertainty methodology based on accuracy extrapolation (UMAE) is proposed for evaluating the uncertainty in the prediction of transient scenarios in nuclear reactors. But, the uncertainty methodology is not suitable for nuclear power plants.
Abstract: Uncertainty methodology based on accuracy extrapolation (UMAE) is outlined. This methodology is suitable for evaluating the uncertainty in the prediction of transient scenarios in nuclear reactors ...
113 citations
TL;DR: The distribution of major products associated with the process of polyaniline (PANI) synthesis is discussed in this article, where the dependence of that distribution upon monomer concentration, switching potential (Eλ), and potential of synthesis, Esynth, is discussed.
104 citations
TL;DR: The data showed a high frequency of HT in diabetic children, and therefore it is recommended that children with type 1 diabetes mellitus should be screened for thyroid autoantibodies and those positive should undergo periodic thyroid function testing.
Abstract: A total of 1419 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus was investigated in order to assess the true frequency of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), diagnosed by microsomal and/or thyroglobulin autoantibodies, by ultrasound and in many cases also by fine needle biopsy. According to these criteria, 55 cases (3.9%) of HT were identified, a number significantly higher (P<0.0001) than the distribution reported in the normal paediatric population. No typical antibody pattern was seen prior to the onset of HT, nor was an antibody threshold level found which could have been diagnostic for this disease. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were treated withl-thyroxine and were investigated regarding the behaviour of anti-thyroid autoantibodies; however, no significant changes were seen. The data showed a high frequency of HT in diabetic children, and therefore we recommend that children with type 1 diabetes mellitus should be screened for thyroid autoantibodies and those positive should undergo periodic thyroid function testing.
88 citations
TL;DR: The model includes all control constructs, database operations, solution collecting predicates and error handling facilities, typically ignored by previous theoretical treatments of the language, and can be used as a primary mathematical definition of Prolog.
84 citations
TL;DR: Mismatch-repair deficiency in bacteria and yeast produces multiple phenotypes as a result of its dual involvement in the editing of both replication errors and recombination intermediates, and several human mitochondrial disorders display genomic instabilities reminiscent of yeast mitochondrial mismatch-repair mutants.
Abstract: A hereditary form of colon cancer, hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), is characterized by high instability of short repeated sequences known as microsatellites. Because the genes controlling microsatellite stability were known in bacteria and yeast, as was their evolutionary conservation, the search for human genes responsible for HNPCC became a 'targeted' search for known sequences. Mismatch-repair deficiency in bacteria and yeast produces multiple phenotypes as a result of its dual involvement in the editing of both replication errors and recombination intermediates. In addition, mismatch-repair functions are specialized in eukaryotes, characterized by specific mitotic (versus meiotic) functions, and nuclear (versus mitochondrial) localization. Given the number of phenotypes observed so far, we predict other links between mismatch-repair deficiency and human genetic disorders. For example, a similar type of sequence instability has been found in HNPCC tumours and in a number of neuro-muscular genetic disorders. Several human mitochondrial disorders display genomic instabilities reminiscent of yeast mitochondrial mismatch-repair mutants. In general, the process of mismatch repair is responsible for the constant maintenance of genome stability and its faithful transmission from one generation to the next. However, without genetic alteration, species would not be able to adapt to changing environments. It appears that nature has developed both negative and positive controls for genetic diversity. In bacteria, for example, an inducible system (sos) exists which generates genetic alterations in response to environmental stress (e.g. radiation, chemicals, starvation). Hence, the cost of generating diversity to adapt to changing conditions might be paid as sporadic gene alterations associated with disease.
80 citations
TL;DR: A family of unique proteins known as bone morphogenetic proteins has been described, and there is ample evidence that they are directly responsible for de novo cartilage and bone formation in vivo.
Abstract: Significant progress has been made in the characterization of cartilage and bone differentiating proteins. A family of unique proteins known as bone morphogenetic proteins has been described, and there is ample evidence that they are directly responsible for de novo cartilage and bone formation in vivo. Extensive research is underway to develop appropriate and optimal delivery systems based on extracellular matrix components. It is likely that bone morphogenetic proteins will play a crucial role in bone and joint regeneration and repair.
TL;DR: Color Doppler sonography has the potential to distinguish uterine sarcoma from benign uterine lesions and benign and malignant myometrial tumors.
TL;DR: The fact that the uterine artery resistance index does not change significantly in the first postmenopausal years strongly supports the thesis that the aging process initially affects the uterus less than the ovary.
TL;DR: The inhibition of the enzymic activities responsible for testosterone conversion and steroid hormone–receptor complex formation was non‐competitive and reversible, and s‐triazine compounds act as antiandrogens.
Abstract: The influence of s-triazine compounds (atrazine, prometryne and deethylatrazine) on testosterone conversion and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone-receptor complex formation was studied in vitro and in vivo in the rat prostate. A marked in vitro influence of atrazine and prometryne (from 0.465 to 1.392 mumol) and their mixtures (in total concentration, 0.928 mumol) on 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone formation was detected. 5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone-specific receptor complex formation was inhibited in vitro by ca. 0.5 mumol of atrazine or deethylatrazine and only in vivo by 6 mg of atrazine 100 g-1 body wt. daily during 7 days in the prostate cytosol. The inhibition of the enzymic activities responsible for testosterone conversion and steroid hormone-receptor complex formation was non-competitive and reversible, and s-triazine compounds act as antiandrogens.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that differentiation leads to a decrease in the levels of nuclear DAG and the activity of the nuclear-associated phosphoinositidase C (PIC), which appears to be due to a decreases in the mass levels of the beta 1 isoform.
Abstract: Differentiation of murine erythroleukaemia cells with the chemical agent DMSO leads to a cessation of proliferation and the production of a number of erythrocyte markers such as haemoglobin. We have previously demonstrated that activation of proliferation leads to an increase in the production of nuclear diacylglycerol (DAG). Here we demonstrate that differentiation leads to a decrease in the levels of nuclear DAG and the activity of the nuclear-associated phosphoinositidase C (PIC). The change in activity appears to be due to a decrease in the mass levels of the beta 1 isoform, as demonstrated by the use of isoform-specific antibodies. Moreover, the changes correlate with the cessation of proliferation and an increase in the number of cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle, rather than with the number of cells which have differentiated. Indeed, although treatment of the cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) inhibits the differentiation programme as assessed by haemoglobin staining, it does not inhibit the number of cells blocking in G1 of the cell cycle or the changes in nuclear DAG or PIC activity. The possible involvement of this nuclear inositide cycle during progression through the cell cycle is discussed.
TL;DR: The first 25 Bosnian women admitted to the Zagreb Obstetrics and Gynaecological Clinic or its associated regional psychiatric centers were assessed using both clinical and post-traumatic stress disorder interviews, finding most of the women had been multiply traumatized.
Abstract: The first 25 Bosnian women admitted to the Zagreb Obstetrics and Gynaecological Clinic or its associated regional psychiatric centers were assessed using both clinical and post-traumatic stress disorder interviews. Most of the women had been multiply traumatized; all had been repeatedly raped. Psychological status was assessed for those women who were not impregnated, for those impregnated who received abortions, and for those impregnated who carried the fetus to term.
TL;DR: In this paper, an early Miocene calc-alkaline igneous rocks from the easternmost segment of the Periadriatic fault system can be divided into two series of different alkalinity: (1) Volcanics which occur in the vicinity of the Velenje-Rogatec Line range from high-alumina basalt via low-K and medium-k andesites to medium-K dacites, and (2) In the Pohorje Mountains mafic rocks are lacking.
Abstract: Early Miocene calc-alkaline igneous rocks from the easternmost segment of the Periadriatic fault system can be subdivided into two series of different alkalinity: (1) Volcanics which occur in the vicinity of the Velenje-Rogatec Line range from high-alumina basalt via low-K and medium-K andesites to medium-K dacites. (2) In the Pohorje Mountains mafic rocks are lacking. A high-K tonalitic pluton crystallized at pressures of about 0.7 GPa as indicated by Al-in-hornblende barometry and accessory magmatic epidote. Rapid exhumation of the tonalite during dextral transtension along the Periadriatic fault system is indicated by tonalitic pebbles in Helvetian (?) clastic sediments. High-K andesitic to dacitic volcanics are interlayered with, and dikes cut, the clastic sediments. Compositional variations shown by the volcanics from the Velenje-Rogatec Line are consistent with fractionation of the observed phenocryst assemblages (olivine, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, titanomagnetite). Substantial fractionation of plagioclase is indicated by decreasing Sr/Nd and Sr/Y values and increasing negative Eu anomalies with increasing SiO2. All samples have chondrite-normalized HREE > 9.6 and low (Tb/Yb)n ratios (1.29−1.08). With increasing SiO2, the abundances of HREE and Y (18 to 39 ppm) increase and those of Sc (32.5 to 20.9 ppm) decrease slightly. These features, together with low Hf/Lu and Zr/Y values (10.1–5.7 and 5.7−3.6, respectively), rule out garnet as a major fractionating phase. Since (La/Yb)n values (3.24–6.59) do not increase with SiO2 and chondrite-normalized REE patterns do not show concave-upward shapes, fractionation of amphibole was probably insignificant. Although Rb/Cs values (⩽ 18) are generally low, a significant contribution by continental crustal materials to the magmas by an AFC process is suggested by negative correlations of Nb/U(7.16 to 3.14) and Nb/Th(2.14 to 0.87) values with SiO2, as well as by low Hf/Ta(7.8−3.4), and in part also by K/Rb (340-71) and Zr/Rb (5.0−1.7) values. Rocks from the Pohorje Mountains have high abundances of U. Values of Nb/U and Nb/Th are low (3.55 to 1.85 and 1.27 to 0.64, respectively) and are negatively correlated with SiO2. These features, in combination with high values of Ba/Nb (56 to 93), Ba/La (23–30), and Rb/Cs (19–56), as well as with previously published δ18O values (∼ 9‰) for the tonalite indicate a substantial contribution of the continental crust to these magmas. High Sr abundances (455 to 984 ppm) and moderate negative Eu anomalies suggest that fractionation of plagioclase was of minor importance. Although the rocks have relatively low Sc (9.3 to 3.8 ppm) and Y (21 to 14 ppm) contents, low (Tb/Yb)n values (1.67−1.14) indicate that garnet was not a major fractionating phase. Instead, fractionation of amphibole is a viable mechanism to explain the combination of high (La/Yb)n (21.8−13.1) and low (Tb/Yb)n.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The review is a synthesis of the most recent evidence for the important role of the interactions of essential and/or toxic metals and metalloids regarding human health and diseases and suggests that interaction of these elements may explain individual susceptibility to various chronic diseases.
Abstract: The review is a synthesis of the most recent evidence for the important role of the interactions of essential and/or toxic metals and metalloids regarding human health and diseases. Information is presented on the mechanisms of interaction between various metals and/or metalloids (including the influence of pH, exposure duration, and other exposure variables such as life-style factors in main), possible differences in the susceptibility to adverse health effects between man and other mammals, and the role of metals and metalloids in oxidative stress-mediated diseases, antioxidant defence system, adaptive response and genetic repair processes. With regard to generally large interindividual differences in the susceptibility to various toxicants in humans, further epidemiological research in the quantitative contribution of between lead, cadmium, copper, zinc and selenium, based on biological monitoring, is recommended. Interaction of these elements may explain individual susceptibility to various chronic diseases, even those showing transgenerational characteristics (such as significantly lowered sperm count and fertilizing capacity of men over the last five decades, known to have occurred in the general population world-wide).
TL;DR: In this paper, Raman and infrared spectra of adamantane-d0 and several of its isotopomers have been recorded and assigned using the valence empirical force field and isotopic frequency shifts.
TL;DR: The presented results indicate that genotoxicity may occur in workers exposed to low levels of benzene in the shoe industry.
Abstract: Structural chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in peripheral blood were studied in female workers employed in the shoe-making industry in two periods: 1987 (group I; N = 38) and 1992 (group II; N = 45). Only 11 of the workers were present in both groups and their results are presented both together and separately. Occupational exposure to benzene and toluene was confirmed through their determination in the working area, blood, and phenol in pre- and post-shift urine. The results were compared with those from the control group (N = 35). Benzene in the working atmosphere was significantly higher in 1987 compared to 1992, but was always lower than the current Croatian permissible concentration of 50 mg m−3 (in the near future this value will be changed to 15 mg m−3). A statistically significant difference was also found in biological markers of benzene exposure between the two periods of the investigation. Increased absorption in the first period occurred because of intensified production in 1987, and this decreased significantly in 1992 because of the war in Croatia.
The cytogenetic study showed a significant increase in dicentric chromosomes in exposed groups I and II when compared to the control group. Statistically significant higher SCE frequencies were found in group I compared to the control group and also compared to group II. Between exposed group II and the controls no statistically significant difference in SCEs was found. Comparing the same 11 workers present in both periods the results showed no difference in chromosome aberrations between the two periods of examination. SCE frequencies were significantly higher in 1987 when greater benzene absorption occurred, confirmed by biomarkers of benzene exposure.
The presented results indicate that genotoxicity may occur in workers exposed to low levels of benzene in the shoe industry.
TL;DR: The efficiency of various imidazole derivatives as zinc corrosion inhibitors in hydrochloric acid (HCl) was investigated using electrochemical and gravimetric methods in this article.
Abstract: The efficiency of various imidazole derivatives as zinc corrosion inhibitors in hydrochloric acid (HCl) was investigated using electrochemical and gravimetric methods. A difference in efficiency (z) was observed with the introduction of different substituents into a imidazole skeleton. It was established that substituents which increased the electron density at the reaction center improved the corrosion inhibiting properties of the heterocyclic compound. A linear correlation between reaction kinetic data and the sum of the polar substituent constants was obtained.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors characterized the results obtained during ball milling of zeolite ZSM-5 by different methods such as X-ray diffractometry, scanning-electron microscopy, FT i.r. spectrometry, and simultaneous thermal analysis.
TL;DR: The chemical composition, that is crude proteins, fats, carbohydrates, cellulose, ashes, minerals and nucleic acids were determined in two commercially available marine algae: Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida.
Abstract: The chemical composition, that is crude proteins, fats, carbohydrates, cellulose, ashes, minerals and nucleic acids were determined in two commercially available marine algae: Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida. The energetic value and energetic share of proteins, fats and carbohydrates were calculated. The results were discussed in terms of importance of marine algae in human diet.
TL;DR: Changes in growth patterns of Zagreb schoolchildren aged 7-19 years over the past four decades are presented, with the mean height of boys and girls in all observed groups has increased significantly over the 40-year period.
Abstract: SummarySecular changes in growth and development vary over past decades in intensity and in trend. The purpose of this paper is to present changes in growth patterns of Zagreb schoolchildren aged 7–19 years over the past four decades. Surveys were performed in 1951, 1964, 1973, 1982 and 1991. The mean height of boys and girls in all observed groups has increased significantly over the 40-year period. Age groups up to 9 years in 1991 were 4–7·5 cm taller than their coevals in 1951. Differences increased from the age of 10 in girls and 12 in boys, reaching 10 cm in girls of 12 years and even 14 cm in boys of 14 years. They were also highly pronounced in adult height (5 cm in girls, 7 cm in boys). The most pronounced changes appeared from 1951 to 1964, while in the period from 1964 to 1973 the increase was smaller; in girls only up to 13 years, in to 17 years. However, between 1973 and 1982 positive changes were again significantly pronounced, especially in the older age groups. In the last period, 1982–91, ...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The systematic analyses of secondary muscle potentials of H-reflex and F-wave type were done in healthy volunteers with 9 muscles analysed on the legs and 9 on the lower arms and hands, and the highest "F-frequency" was recorded in thigh, posterior lower leg muscle and flexor hallucis brevis.
Abstract: The systematic analyses of secondary muscle potentials of H-reflex and F-wave type were done in multicentric study. The examinations were carried out in healthy volunteers with 9 muscles analysed on the legs and 9 on the lower arms and hands. The H-reflex potential was found regularly in thigh muscles (vastus medialis 100%, biceps femoris 97%, semitendinosus 93%). Less frequently but still with high incidence it appeared in posterior lower leg muscles (soleus 93%, caput mediale gastrocnemii 73%). In anterior tibial muscle and extensor digitorum brevis it did not appear at all. Only exceptionally it was found in short peroneal muscle (3%) and occasionally, only on proximal nerve stimulation, in flexor hallucis brevis. The similar distribution pattern was found in lower arm and hand muscles with analysis on both sides. In flexor digitorum superficialis (73-70%) and flexor carpi radialis (73-57%) the percentage of H-potential muscles was the highest, in flexor carpi ulnaris (47-40%) lesser but still remarkable. Brachioradialis (37-30%) and extensor digitorum communis (27-27%) percentage decreased further. The even more distal, pronator quadratus (21-20%) and abuctor digiti minimi (17-17%) presented as muscles with low incidence of H-reflex positivity. In extensor indicis proprius (3%) the lowest H-potential incidence was found and in opponens pollicis no H-potential at all. F-waves if evaluated as "F-frequency" follow the similar distribution pattern. The lowest "F-frequency" was found on the legs in anterior tibial, short peroneal and extensor digitorum brevis muscles. In the last one more than one half of stimuli failed to evoke the F-potential. Those are the muscles in which H-potentials almost never appeared. The highest "F-frequency" was recorded in thigh, posterior lower leg muscle and flexor hallucis brevis. Some of the examinees displayed in almost all examined muscles H-potential (6 of 30), the others (9 of 30) had it in neither one or in a single muscle. It looks like as if a kind of H-reflex or F-wave individuals exist. If the H- or F-potentials distribution pattern got projected on the homunculus in quadrupedal position the following idea appears. The thigh muscles, the plantar flexors of the feet and hand and finger flexors are first of all tonic muscles mostly involved in standing or holding. The extensors of the foot/toes, respectively of hand/fingers interrupt phasically the sustained action of standing by lifting the foot/hand from the ground. The muscles with mostly tonic function produce much H-reflexes, transitional forms or at least F-wave with high "F-frequency". Is that a kind of phylogenetical remnants, better developed in the motorically less differentiated legs? Have the H-reflex muscles if compared with F-wave muscles different motor units structure? Have they different motoneurons, with different liability to produce recurrent discharges?
TL;DR: In this article, the dynamics of collective motion in nuclei is described in the framework of time-dependent relativistic mean field theory for 16 O, 40 Ca, 48 Ca and compared with experimental data on energies and widths of giant resonances.
TL;DR: In this article, the relation between the synodic and sidereal rotation periods of the Sun for an arbitrary date of observation is derived taking into account details of the Earth's motion, without using the annual ephemerides.
Abstract: The relation between the synodic and sidereal rotation period of the Sun for an arbitrary date of observation is derived taking into account details of the Earth's motion. The transformation procedure between the synodic (apparent) and sidereal rotation period presented here can be performed without using the annual ephemerides.
TL;DR: In this paper, the characters of irreducible unitary representations of GL(n) over a non-archimedean local field F, with m ≤ n, were derived from the standard characters.
Abstract: Founding harmonic analysis on classical simple complex groups, I.M. Gelfand and M.A. Naimark in their classical book [GN] posed three basic questions: unitary duals, characters of irreducible unitary representations and Plancherel measures. In the case of reductive p-adic groups, the only series of reductive groups where unitary duals are known are general linear groups. In this paper we reduce characters of irreducible unitary representations of GL(n) over a non-archimedean local field F , to characters of irreducible square-integrable representations of GL(m), with m ≤ n (we get an explicit expression for characters of irreducible unitary representations in terms of characters of irreducible square-integrable representations). In other words, we express characters of irreducible unitary representations in terms of the standard characters. We get also a formula expressing the characters of irreducible unitary representations in terms of characters of segment representations of Zelevinsky (the formula for the Steinberg character of GL(n) is a very special case of this formula). The classification of irreducible square-integrable representations of GL(m,F )’s has recently been completed ([Z], [BuK], [Co]). The characters of these representations are not yet known in the full generality, although there exists a lot of information about them ([Ca2], [CoMoSl], [K], [Sl]). Zelevinsky’s segment representations supported by minimal parabolic subgroups are one dimensional, so their characters are obvious. Therefore, we get the complete formulas for characters of irreducible unitary representations supported by minimal parabolic subgroups. By the classification theorem for general linear groups over any locally compact nondiscrete field, any irreducible unitary representation is parabolically induced by a tensor product of representations u(δ, n) where δ is an irreducible essentially square integrable representation of some general linear group and n a positive integer (see the second section for precise statements). Since there exists a simple formula for characters of parabolically induced representations in terms of the characters of inducing representations ([D]), it is enough to know the characters of u(δ, n)’s. Our idea in getting the formula for characters of irreducible unitary representations was to use the fact that unitary duals in archimedean and non-archimedean case can be expressed in the same way. Using the fact that there also exists a strong similarity of behavior of ends of complementary series, we relate in these two cases the formulas that
TL;DR: In this article, the change of particulate and morphological properties of the samples obtained during the high-energy ball milling of zeolites A and X were studied by scanning-electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and determination of particle size distribution.
TL;DR: In this paper, structural system reliability is tackled by Monte-Carlo integration using descriptive sampling instead of the random sampling in the crude Monte Carlo procedure as well as in the importance sampling procedures.