Showing papers by "University of Zambia published in 1976"

Lekking behavior in kafue lechwe.

Abstract: The Kafue lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) exhibits lekking behavior in which a number of males occupy small territories clustered together in discrete areas where females go for mating. Similar behavior in antelope is known only in the Uganda kob (Kobus kob thomasi). Lechwe lekking occurs only during a main rutting season although some breeding occurs throughout the year.

External Co-Optation of a Less Developed Country's Policy Making: The Case of Ghana, 1969–1972

Abstract: The author advances the thesis that the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and creditor countries structured the context in which their client, Ghana—a less developed country—formulated its economic policy between 1969 and 1972. The intergovernmental organizations and creditor countries failed to take Ghana's domestic political situation into account, however. When the country became heavily dependent upon the IGO's and creditors for financial assistance to enable the government to survive a disastrous shortfall in foreign exchange earnings, it was forced to accept extreme and politically dangerous measures in order to secure assistance. The policies that were adopted were catastrophic, and destroyed what remained of the democratic government's public support. This dramatic change in public climate made the government fatally vulnerable to a military coup d'etat.

45Calcium Absorption by Two Cultivars of Groundnut ( Arachis hypogea)

Abstract: Two groundnut varieties, the small-seeded, early-maturing Natal Common and the large-seeded, late maturing ‘pops’-susceptible Makulu Red, were cultivated in nutrient solution, Application of calcium, labelled with 45Ca, to the roots and the fruit-medium respectively, showed that both varieties absorbed most of their seed-Ca from the fruit-medium. The translocation of calcium from the shells to the nuts was greater in the small-seeded variety Natal Common, which showed less susceptibility to ‘pops’. Calcium absorbed by pods and gynophores also migrated to a certain extent into the vegetative parts.

Schistosomiasis and Carcinoma of the Bladder in Zambia

Abstract: Carcinoma of the bladder is the third most important malignancy seen in Zambia, accounting for nearly 9% of all malignancies seen in the Department of Pathology at the University of Zambia. A review of 217 cases of carcinoma of the bladder seen in the department over a 5-year period revealed a preponderance of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (75%). Of the 217 cases, 65% had concomitant schistosomiasis. These tumours tended to occur in a younger age group than that reported from England and North America. The pattern of pathology conforms with that reported from other parts of Africa with hyperendemic and endemic schistosomiasis. The aetiological role of schistosomiasis in bladder cancer is critically examined.

The Reconstruction of the Southern Rhodesian Gold Mining Industry, 1903–10

Abstract: I N Britain, Prof. Pollard has explained, "developments ... in coalmining. lay somewhere near the centre of the driving motor of the industrial revolution", and mining in general "became a model for other industries".' Almost two centuries later, gold mining played an identical role in transforming southern Africa, and the vital importance of the Transvaal Rand in this process has received considerable recognition from scholars.2 By contrast, however, little attention has been paid to the development of the Southern Rhodesian gold mining industry, the output of which, although always dwarfed by that of the Rand, was nevertheless of the utmost importance to the national economy of Southern Rhodesia and ultimately ranked high in the list of world gold producers. It is the purpose of this article to examine the crucial "reconstruction era" of Southern Rhodesian gold mining, not only because it was then that the industry was first placed on a relatively secure and profitable basis, but also because the policies which were implemented remained as constant features for much of the next forty years. Moreover, the period is characterized by the encouragement and emergence of small-scale, local capital within the industry, a feature which sharply distinguished Southern Rhodesian mining from both the South African Rand and the later development of the Zambian Copperbelt.

The local politics of underdevelopment

Abstract: That the outcome of contact between Africa and Europe over the past several hundred years has been the underdevelopment of Africa is now increasingly clearly documented.

On: “Inversion of gravity profiles by use of a Backus‐Gilbert approach” by William R. Green (GEOPHYSICS, October 1975, p. 763–772).

Abstract: An important possible constraint on a density model obtained from inversion of gravity data has been overlooked in the seminal paper by Green. The computed density model should be such that the corresponding total mass excess or deficit per unit length in a two‐dimensional case, or total mass excess or deficit in a three‐dimensional case, should be comparable to the value obtained by applying Gauss’s theorem to the observed gravity anomaly data (Grant and West, 1965, p. 227–28 and p. 232).

Light and electron microscopic studies on the pars intermedia of the chameleon.

Abstract: The neurointermediate lobe of the hypophysis in the Chameleon (Chamaeleo dilepis) was examined with light and electron microscopic methods, with special reference to the cytology of the pars intermedia (PI) The PI is the largest lobe of the hypophysis consisting of (1) dark cells with secretory granules ranging from 200–600 nm; (2) light cells, far fewer in number, containing granules 150–300 nm in diameter; (3) stellate, non-secretory cells The secretory cells abut onto the perivascular basal lamina of the capillary sinusoids while their apical part borders an intercellular space This surface of the cells often bears a cilium The granules arise from the Golgi cisternae while small detached vesicles are found between circumscribed sites of the cell membrane and the Golgi apparatus No nervous elements were found in the pars intermedia and it is assumed that the regulation of this lobe is purely humoral This is supported by the presence of three types of nerve terminals in the pars nervosa: (a) terminals with large secretory granules and small vesicles; (b) terminals with dense-core vesicles and small vesicles; (c) terminals with small vesicles only All of these are secretory as indicated by the presence of the synaptic semidesmosomes formed with the perivascular basal lamina

Kala-azar in Zambia: first report of two cases

Abstract: Two autochthonous cases of kala-azar, the first such report of the disease from Central and Southern Africa, are described. Both patients presented with generalized macules, papules and nodules without ulceration and both also had tuberculosis. Amastigotes were cultured from blood and identified in skin, bone marrow, liver and spleen.

Zambian Student Attitudes toward Others, Based on Tribe, Class, and Rural-Urban Dwelling

Abstract: Summary The effects of tribe, social class, and place of dwelling on social distance, and of tribe on ethnic prejudice were investigated in a sample of almost 200 first-year men and women university students in Zambia. Social class was of primary importance as a dimension underlying social distance preferences. Tribe also emerged as a factor, affecting social distance preferences in a way congruent with the measured ethnic prejudices. While relative levels of liking for different Zambian ethnic groups were in many respects similar to those found in another study 18 years before, there were also several striking changes. The residence dimension affected interpersonal attitudes very little.

Global Market Forces and the Nationalisation of Foreign-Based Export Companies

Abstract: There are ideological, political, and economic incentives for nationalising foreign-based companies which operate in the export sectors of African economies. The basis of this appeal is the expectation that significant positive net benefits will arise from partial or complete acquisition of company assets. The expected gross benefits which serve as the basis for calculation are subject to risk, because national owners often become decision-takers within global markets over which they are constrained from exerting control.1 Within the framework of international markets, export prices are occasionally determined or strongly influenced by large, flexible, and powerful national and multi-national company buyers. In other situations, export prices reflect market forces beyond the control of either buyer companies or national-owner sellers. Governments take the risk that market decisions will

D-xylose absorption and jejunal morphology in African patients with pellagra (niacin tryptophan deficiency).

Abstract: D-xylose absorption tests and jejunal morphology have been shown to be unaltered in 12 African patients with pellagra when compared with normal values for Zambian African adults; that result is contrary to two previous investigations in India and Egypt respectively. A significant inverse association has been shown, however, between D-xylose absorption and serum immunoglobulin IgG and IgA concentrations; that is consistent with previous studies and probably reflects malabsorption of xylose in the presence of systemic infections. It is concluded that pellagra per se does not alter intestinal structure or monosaccharide absorption.